Cardiac Dysrhythmia Flashcards

Normal Sinus Rhythm

• Rate: 60-100 bpm
• Rhythm: Regular
• P Wave: Normal, precedes each QRS
• PR Interval: 0.12-0.20 seconds
• QRS Duration: Less than or equal to 0.10 seconds

Sinus Bradycardia

• Rate: 40-60 bpm
• Rhythm: Regular
• P Wave: Normal, precedes each QRS
• PR Interval: 0.12-0.20 seconds
• QRS Duration: Less than or equal to 0.10 seconds

Sinus Tachycardia

• Rate: 100-180 bpm
• Rhythm: Regular
• P Wave: Normal, precedes each QRS
• PR Interval: 0.12-0.20 seconds
• QRS Duration: Less than 0.10 seconds

Sinus Arrhythmia

• Rate: 60-100 bpm
• Rhythm: Irregular
• P Wave: Normal, precedes each QRS
• PR Interval: 0.12-0.20 seconds
• QRS Duration: Less than or equal to 0.10 seconds

Sinus Pause: Sinus Arrest

• Rate: Basic rhythm 60-100 bpm, may slow with pause
• Rhythm: Regular, irregular with pause; rhythm does not resume on time
• P Wave: Normal, precedes each QRS
• PR Interval: 0.12-0.20 seconds
• QRS Duration: Less than or equal to 0.10 seconds

Sinus Pause: Sinus Exit Block

• Rate: Basic rhythm 60-100 bpm, may slow with pause
• Rhythm: Regular, irregular with pause; rhythm resumes on time after pause
• P Wave: Normal, precedes each QRS
• PR Interval: 0.12-0.20 seconds
• QRS Duration: Less than or equal to 0.10 seconds

Premature Atrial Complex (PAC)

• Rate: That of underlying rhythm
• Rhythm: Irregular due to PACs
• P Wave: Early and may be distorted; can appear in bigeminy, trigeminy, or quadreminy patterns
• PR Interval: Usually 0.12-0.20 seconds
• QRS Duration: Less than 0.10 seconds

Non-Conducted Premature Atrial Complex (PAC)

• Rate: That of underlying rhythm
• Rhythm: Irregular due to PACs
• P Wave: Premature, abnormal, may be found in preceding T wave (appears as a notch)
• PR Interval: Usually 0.12-0.20 seconds
• QRS Duration: Absence at site, less than or equal to 0.10 seconds

Atrial Tachycardia

• Rate: Greater than 160 bpm
• Rhythm: Regular
• P Wave: Usually hidden in preceding T wave
• PR Interval: If present, 0.12-0.20 seconds
• QRS Duration: Less than 0.10 seconds

Atrial Fibrillation

• Rate: Varies
• Rhythm: Irregular
• P Waves: Fibrillatory waves, appear quivering
• PR Interval: Not measurable
• QRS Duration: Less than 0.10 seconds, indicating it is not ventricular fibrillation

Atrial Flutter

• Rate: Varies
• Rhythm: Regular or irregular
• P Waves: Saw-toothed f waves
• PR Interval: Not measurable
• QRS Duration: Less than 0.10 seconds, completely normal

Premature Junctional Complex

• Rate: That of underlying rhythm
• Rhythm: Irregular due to PJC
• P Wave: Early, hidden, or inverted before or after QRS
• PR Interval: Short, usually less than 0.12 seconds
• QRS Duration: Premature, less than or equal to 0.10 seconds

Junctional Escape Rhythm

• Rate: 40-60 bpm
• Rhythm: Regular
• P Wave: Hidden or inverted before or after QRS
• PR Interval: Short, usually less than 0.12 seconds
• QRS Duration: Less than or equal to 0.10 seconds

Accelerated Junctional Rhythm

• Rate: 60-100 bpm
• Rhythm: Regular
• P Wave: Hidden or inverted before or after QRS
• PR Interval: Short, usually less than 0.12 seconds
• QRS Duration: Less than or equal to 0.10 seconds

Junctional Tachycardia

• Rate: 100-160 bpm
• Rhythm: Regular
• P Wave: Hidden or inverted before or after QRS
• PR Interval: Short, usually less than 0.12 seconds
• QRS Duration: Less than or equal to 0.10 seconds

First Degree Heart Block

• Rate: That of the underlying rhythm
• Rhythm: Regular
• P Wave: Normal, precedes each QRS
• PR Interval: Prolonged; greater than 0.20 seconds
• QRS Duration: Less than or equal to 0.10 seconds

Second Degree Heart Block Type 1

• Rate: That of the underlying rhythm
• Rhythm: Irregular
• P Wave: More P waves than QRS
• PR Interval: Progressively longer, usually in groupings
• QRS Duration: Less than or equal to 0.10 seconds

Second Degree Heart Block Type 2

• Rate: That of the underlying rhythm
• Rhythm: Regular or irregular
• P Waves: More P waves than QRS
• PR Interval: Fixed and equal
• QRS Duration: Normal or wide

Third Degree Heart Block

• Rate: That of underlying rhythm
• Rhythm: Regular
• P Wave: More P waves than QRS, no relationship to QRS
• PR Interval: Varies greatly, but R to R's and P to P's are constant
• QRS Duration: Normal or wide

Test your understanding of cardiac dysrhythmias with these flashcards. Each card provides key information such as rate, rhythm, and wave characteristics to help you master normal sinus rhythm and its variations. Perfect for students and healthcare professionals studying cardiology.