Cardiac Dysrhythmia Flashcards

Normal Sinus Rhythm

• Rate: 60-100 bpm
• Rhythm: Regular
• P Wave: Normal, precedes each QRS
• PR Interval: 0.12-0.20 seconds
• QRS Duration: Less than or equal to 0.10 seconds

Sinus Bradycardia

• Rate: 40-60 bpm
• Rhythm: Regular
• P Wave: Normal, precedes each QRS
• PR Interval: 0.12-0.20 seconds
• QRS Duration: Less than or equal to 0.10 seconds

Sinus Tachycardia

• Rate: 100-180 bpm
• Rhythm: Regular
• P Wave: Normal, precedes each QRS
• PR Interval: 0.12-0.20 seconds
• QRS Duration: Less than 0.10 seconds

Sinus Arrhythmia

• Rate: 60-100 bpm
• Rhythm: Irregular
• P Wave: Normal, precedes each QRS
• PR Interval: 0.12-0.20 seconds
• QRS Duration: Less than or equal to 0.10 seconds

Sinus Pause: Sinus Arrest

• Rate: Basic rhythm 60-100 bpm, may slow with pause
• Rhythm: Regular, irregular with pause; rhythm does not resume on time
• P Wave: Normal, precedes each QRS
• PR Interval: 0.12-0.20 seconds
• QRS Duration: Less than or equal to 0.10 seconds

Sinus Pause: Sinus Exit Block

• Rate: Basic rhythm 60-100 bpm, may slow with pause
• Rhythm: Regular, irregular with pause; rhythm resumes on time after pause
• P Wave: Normal, precedes each QRS
• PR Interval: 0.12-0.20 seconds
• QRS Duration: Less than or equal to 0.10 seconds

Premature Atrial Complex (PAC)

• Rate: That of underlying rhythm
• Rhythm: Irregular due to PACs
• P Wave: Early and may be distorted; can appear in bigeminy, trigeminy, or quadreminy patterns
• PR Interval: Usually 0.12-0.20 seconds
• QRS Duration: Less than 0.10 seconds

Non-Conducted Premature Atrial Complex (PAC)

• Rate: That of underlying rhythm
• Rhythm: Irregular due to PACs
• P Wave: Premature, abnormal, may be found in preceding T wave (appears as a notch)
• PR Interval: Usually 0.12-0.20 seconds
• QRS Duration: Absence at site, less than or equal to 0.10 seconds

Atrial Tachycardia

• Rate: Greater than 160 bpm
• Rhythm: Regular
• P Wave: Usually hidden in preceding T wave
• PR Interval: If present, 0.12-0.20 seconds
• QRS Duration: Less than 0.10 seconds

Atrial Fibrillation

• Rate: Varies
• Rhythm: Irregular
• P Waves: Fibrillatory waves, appear quivering
• PR Interval: Not measurable
• QRS Duration: Less than 0.10 seconds, indicating it is not ventricular fibrillation

Atrial Flutter

• Rate: Varies
• Rhythm: Regular or irregular
• P Waves: Saw-toothed f waves
• PR Interval: Not measurable
• QRS Duration: Less than 0.10 seconds, completely normal

Premature Junctional Complex

• Rate: That of underlying rhythm
• Rhythm: Irregular due to PJC
• P Wave: Early, hidden, or inverted before or after QRS
• PR Interval: Short, usually less than 0.12 seconds
• QRS Duration: Premature, less than or equal to 0.10 seconds

Junctional Escape Rhythm

• Rate: 40-60 bpm
• Rhythm: Regular
• P Wave: Hidden or inverted before or after QRS
• PR Interval: Short, usually less than 0.12 seconds
• QRS Duration: Less than or equal to 0.10 seconds

Accelerated Junctional Rhythm

• Rate: 60-100 bpm
• Rhythm: Regular
• P Wave: Hidden or inverted before or after QRS
• PR Interval: Short, usually less than 0.12 seconds
• QRS Duration: Less than or equal to 0.10 seconds

Junctional Tachycardia

• Rate: 100-160 bpm
• Rhythm: Regular
• P Wave: Hidden or inverted before or after QRS
• PR Interval: Short, usually less than 0.12 seconds
• QRS Duration: Less than or equal to 0.10 seconds

First Degree Heart Block

• Rate: That of the underlying rhythm
• Rhythm: Regular
• P Wave: Normal, precedes each QRS
• PR Interval: Prolonged; greater than 0.20 seconds
• QRS Duration: Less than or equal to 0.10 seconds

Second Degree Heart Block Type 1

• Rate: That of the underlying rhythm
• Rhythm: Irregular
• P Wave: More P waves than QRS
• PR Interval: Progressively longer, usually in groupings
• QRS Duration: Less than or equal to 0.10 seconds

Second Degree Heart Block Type 2

• Rate: That of the underlying rhythm
• Rhythm: Regular or irregular
• P Waves: More P waves than QRS
• PR Interval: Fixed and equal
• QRS Duration: Normal or wide

Third Degree Heart Block

• Rate: That of underlying rhythm
• Rhythm: Regular
• P Wave: More P waves than QRS, no relationship to QRS
• PR Interval: Varies greatly, but R to R's and P to P's are constant
• QRS Duration: Normal or wide