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Cardiac Disorders and Function Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the pathophysiology of atrial fibrillation?

Prolonged QT interval on the ECG

Regular and organized electrical activity in the atria

Coordinated contraction of the atria

Chaotic and disorganized electrical activity in the atria (correct)

What are some triggering factors for atrial fibrillation?

Low blood pressure, lung disease, anemia

Hypertension, heart failure, coronary artery disease (correct)

High cholesterol, diabetes, obesity

Healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, balanced diet

What is a consequence of atrial fibrillation?

Regular ventricular response, leading to stable cardiac output

Decreased risk of blood clot formation in the atria

Irregular ventricular response, leading to variable cardiac output (correct)

Consistently high heart rate

What are the clinical features of atrial fibrillation?

Palpitations, irregular heartbeat. Fatigue, shortness of breath. Signup and view all the answers

What is the pathophysiology of Long QT Syndrome?

Prolonged Cardiac Repolarization: Prolongation of the QT interval on the ECG Signup and view all the answers

What is a result of Long QT Syndrome?

Torsades de pointes and sudden cardiac death Signup and view all the answers

Which type of shock is characterized by decreased afterload and initially increased cardiac output?

Distributive (Vasodilatory) Shock Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of prolonged QT interval on the risk of arrhythmias?

Increases the risk of Torsades de Pointes Signup and view all the answers

What is a common genetic mutation associated with congenital Long QT Syndrome (LQTS)?

Genetic mutations affecting ion channels involved in cardiac repolarization Signup and view all the answers

Which clinical feature is associated with Long QT Syndrome (LQTS)?

Syncope or seizures Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment to reduce the risk of arrhythmias in Long QT Syndrome (LQTS)?

Beta-blockers Signup and view all the answers

Which type of shock is caused by impaired cardiac function, often due to myocardial infarction or severe heart failure?

Cardiogenic Shock Signup and view all the answers