Carboxylic Acids Quiz
11 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the characteristic variation in physical properties of carboxylic acids?

  • No correlation with boiling points
  • A gradual variation in boiling points (correct)
  • A constant boiling point
  • A sudden change in boiling points

    • What is the functional group responsible for the typical reactions of carboxylic acids?

  • -CH2
  • -CO
  • -OH
  • -COOH (correct)

    • What is the characteristic of the molecular formulae of carboxylic acids?

  • They have no correlation with molecular formulae
  • They differ by CH in molecular formulae from neighbouring compounds
  • They have the same molecular formulae
  • They differ by CH2 in molecular formulae from neighbouring compounds (correct)

    • What is the characteristic of the chemical properties of carboxylic acids?

    <p>They have similar chemical properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is vinegar?

    <p>A dilute solution of ethanoic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general formula for the salts formed by the reaction of carboxylic acids?

    <p>-anoate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product formed when ethanoic acid reacts with potassium hydroxide?

    <p>Potassium ethanoate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the gas produced when butanoic acid reacts with potassium carbonate?

    <p>Carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reactant that reacts with magnesium to form magnesium ethanoate and hydrogen gas?

    <p>Ethanoic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of reaction that occurs when a carboxylic acid reacts with a hydroxide?

    <p>Neutralization reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product formed when propanoic acid reacts with potassium hydroxide?

    <p>Potassium propanoate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Carboxylic Acids

    • Form a homologous series, meaning they share a common general formula
    • Differ from neighboring compounds by CH2 in their molecular formulae
    • Exhibit a gradual variation in physical properties, such as boiling points
    • Display similar chemical properties

    Functional Group

    • The functional group in carboxylic acids is the carboxyl group, -COOH
    • Responsible for the typical reactions of carboxylic acids, which are weak acids
    • Example of a carboxylic acid: ethanoic acid, commonly found in vinegar as a dilute solution

    Properties of Carboxylic Acids

    • Carboxylic acids react with metals to form a salt and hydrogen gas
    • They react with carbonates to form a salt, water, and carbon dioxide gas
    • They participate in neutralisation reactions to produce salt and water

    Ethanoic Acid

    • Also known as acetic acid
    • Used to make vinegar, which contains around 5% by volume ethanoic acid

    Salts Formed by Carboxylic Acids

    • Salts formed by the reaction of carboxylic acids all end in -anoate
    • Examples:
      • Methanoic acid forms methanoate salt
      • Ethanoic acid forms ethanoate salt
      • Propanoic acid forms propanoate salt
      • Butanoic acid forms butanoate salt

    Reactions of Carboxylic Acids

    Reaction with Metals

    • Produces a metal salt and hydrogen gas
    • Example: Ethanoic acid reaction with magnesium forms magnesium ethanoate and hydrogen gas
      • 2CH3COOH + Mg → (CH3COO)2Mg + H2

    Neutralisation Reaction

    • Produces a salt and water
    • Example: Propanoic acid reaction with potassium hydroxide forms potassium propanoate and water
      • CH3CH2COOH + KOH → CH3CH2COOK + H2O

    Reaction with Carbonates

    • Produces a metal salt, water, and carbon dioxide gas
    • Example: Butanoic acid reaction with potassium carbonate forms potassium butanoate, water, and carbon dioxide gas
      • 2CH3CH2CH2COOH + K2CO3 → 2CH3CH2CH2COOK + H2O + CO2

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Description

    Test your knowledge on carboxylic acids, including their general formula, physical properties, and chemical reactions. Learn about the functional carboxyl group and its role in acid-base reactions.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser