Carbon Dioxide & the Carbon Cycle
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is the most accurate representation of the percentage of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?

  • 0.004%
  • 4%
  • 0.4%
  • 0.04% (correct)

Which of the following processes releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere?

  • Sedimentation
  • Photosynthesis
  • Combustion (correct)
  • Dissolving

Which of the following is an example of locked up carbon found in rocks and minerals?

  • Chalk (correct)
  • Methane
  • DNA
  • Glucose

In what form is carbon stored in the ocean?

<p>As sedimentary rocks and dissolved carbon dioxide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an organic molecule that contains carbon?

<p>Glucose (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these contributes to the long-term storage of carbon?

<p>Formation of fossil fuels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What impact does dissolving carbon dioxide in the ocean have on marine ecosystems?

<p>It can lead to ocean acidification. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process primarily removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?

<p>Photosynthesis by plants (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the role of carbon dioxide in the Earth's atmosphere?

<p>It acts as a greenhouse gas, trapping heat. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do plants contribute to the relative stability of carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere?

<p>Through photosynthesis, removing carbon dioxide. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate percentage increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels since the Industrial Revolution?

<p>50% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Before 1914, atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations remained within a specific range. What was the approximate upper limit of this range in parts per million (ppm)?

<p>300 ppm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process releases carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere?

<p>Respiration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of the increased carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere since the Industrial Revolution?

<p>Combustion of fossil fuels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The stored glucose in plants can be transferred to other organisms. How do these other organisms use this glucose?

<p>For respiration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Based on the information, what is the most likely consequence of increasing carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere?

<p>An increase in global temperatures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process primarily contributes to the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere?

<p>Burning fossil fuels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered a significant carbon store?

<p>Fossil fuel deposits (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What describes the general movement of carbon among the Earth, ecosystems, and atmosphere?

<p>The carbon cycle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of carbon stores?

<p>Locations where carbon is stored away from the atmosphere. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If deforestation rates drastically increase globally, what immediate effect would this have on the carbon cycle?

<p>Reduced carbon storage in living biomass. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Imagine a scenario where a large area of wetland is drained for agricultural use. What effect would this have on the carbon cycle?

<p>It would initially increase the rate of carbon emission. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a carbon source?

<p>Release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, e.g., burning fossil fuels. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What would happen if the amount of carbon going into the ocean drastically decreases from normal levels?

<p>Atmospheric concentrations of CO2 would likely increase.. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most accurate definition of a carbon store?

<p>A reservoir that accumulates and holds carbon, keeping it out of the atmosphere for a period of time. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these options is NOT considered a significant carbon store?

<p>Animals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Consider a carbon atom in the atmosphere. Which of the following sequences describes a plausible pathway for this carbon atom through the carbon cycle?

<p>Atmosphere -&gt; Dissolving -&gt; Ocean -&gt; Deposition -&gt; Sedimentary Rock. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process facilitates the transfer of carbon from living organisms back into the atmosphere?

<p>Respiration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a forest fire burns a large area of woodland, what is the immediate impact on the carbon cycle?

<p>It transfers carbon from the plant store to the atmosphere. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process does NOT contribute to the release of carbon into the atmosphere?

<p>Photosynthesis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Before the Industrial Revolution, carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere remained relatively stable. What best explains this stability?

<p>Carbon dioxide was emitted and absorbed from the atmosphere at roughly the same rates. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an accurate word equation for respiration?

<p>Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these options accurately describes a carbon store?

<p>A location where carbon is stored away from the atmosphere. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What processes both add carbon to the atmosphere?

<p>Respiration and combustion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Consider a carbon atom in the atmosphere. Which sequence describes a possible route through the carbon cycle?

<p>Atmosphere → Plant → Animal → Respiration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the correct word equation for photosynthesis?

<p>Carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Methane and carbon dioxide are compounds of carbon found in the atmosphere. What significant role do they play?

<p>Trapping heat and regulating the Earth's temperature. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following components is NOT a direct product of the combustion of methane?

<p>Oxygen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following options is a carbon store that holds carbon in a mineral form?

<p>Calcium carbonate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is the atmosphere?

The mixture of gases surrounding the Earth.

CO2 percentage in the atmosphere?

Approximately 0.04%.

What is a composite?

A material made from two or more different materials.

What is combustion?

A rapid chemical process that produces heat and light.

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Forms of Carbon

Carbon exists as gases, dissolved substances, locked up, and organic molecules.

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Carbon in the Atmosphere

Carbon dioxide and methane.

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Locked Up Carbon

Coal, methane, petrol, chalk, graphite in soil

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Carbon in the ocean

Dissolved carbon dioxide and sedimentary rocks.

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Carbon Cycle

The movement of carbon between the earth, ecosystems, and the atmosphere.

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Carbon Stores

Locations where carbon is stored away from the atmosphere.

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Carbon Sources

Processes that release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

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Human Impacts on Carbon Cycle

Burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial processes.

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Carbon cycle definition

The relatively constant recycling of carbon between the earth, ecosystems and the atmosphere.

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Carbon store definition

The locations where carbon is stored.

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Carbon sources definition

Release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere

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Coal-powered machines

Reactions in coal-powered machines have driven an increase in the global average temperature.

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Greenhouse Gas (CO2)

CO2 acts as this in the atmosphere, trapping heat and keeping the Earth warm.

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Photosynthesis

Plants absorb CO2 from the atmosphere during this process to produce glucose (food).

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Photosynthesis Equation

The chemical equation representing how plants remove CO2 from the atmosphere using photosynthesis.

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Respiration

The process where organisms, including plants, break down glucose to release energy, producing CO2 as a byproduct..

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Respiration Equation

The chemical equation of how plants use their glucose and oxygen and release carbon dioxide and water.

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Combustion Impact

Burning these and other human activities have increased atmospheric CO2 levels.

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Combustion

The release of carbon dioxide from the burning of fuels or other organic matter

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Examples of Carbon Stores

The atmosphere, the ocean, plants, limestone, fossil fuels and soil.

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Dissolving

Uptake of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere into water bodies like oceans.

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Atmospheric Carbon Compounds

Methane / carbon dioxide are compounds containing carbon found in the atmosphere.

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Combustion of Methane Equation

Methane + oxygen yields carbon dioxide + water.

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Pre-Industrial Carbon Balance

Before the Industrial Revolution, carbon dioxide levels were stable because the rate of carbon dioxide being emitted was equal to the carbon dioxide uptake.

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Processes Affecting Atmospheric CO2

Process that adds carbon dioxide to the atmosphere (Respiration, Combustion, CO2 dissolving in the ocean) and removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere (Photosynthesis).

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Study Notes

Carbon Cycle

  • The key words for this topic are: respiration, combustion, photosynthesis, dissolving, carbon cycle, carbon store.
  • The learning objectives include: explaining the relative stability in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere over part of Earth's history and describing the processes by which carbon atoms move from one store to another.

Carbon Locations

  • Carbon exists as gases in the atmosphere, including carbon dioxide and methane.
  • Fossil fuels like coal, methane, and petrol, as well as rocks and minerals like chalk, graphite, and soil, contain locked-up carbon.
  • Carbon is found dissolved in the ocean, and as sedimentary rocks like calcium carbonate.
  • Organic molecules, like glucose, DNA, cells, and coral structures contain carbon.

Carbon Dioxide

  • Carbon dioxide makes up 1 in 2500 particles in the air and is critical for life.
  • Plants need carbon dioxide for photosynthesis.
  • Carbon dioxide keeps the Earth warm as a greenhouse gas.

Removing and Adding Carbon Dioxide

  • Plants remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere through photosynthesis to make glucose + oxygen, so they take carbon dioxide from the atmosphere to make food.
  • Glucose stored in plants goes up food chains, which is used for animal and plant respiration which then adds carbon dioxide to the atmosphere.
  • The combustion of fossil fuels and other human activities have meant that levels of carbon dioxide now stand at 417 ppm, a 50% increase since the Industrial Revolution.

Carbon Dioxide in the Earth's Atmosphere

  • Carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere have varied naturally over the past 800,000 years.
  • Carbon Dioxide concentrations remained in the range of 175 to 300 parts per million until 1914.
  • Global average temperatures have risen to 0.8°C above the 1961-1990 average as an impact of CO2 levels increasing.

Carbon Cycle Definitions

  • Carbon cycle describes the movement of carbon between Earth, ecosystems, and the atmosphere.
  • Carbon stores are the locations where carbon is stored away from the atmosphere.
  • Carbon sources release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, such as burning fossil fuels.

Carbon Cycle Processes

  • Carbon atoms move between the atmosphere, land, and ocean through processes like photosynthesis, respiration, combustion, dissolving, and decay.
  • The constant recycling of carbon between the earth, ecosystem, and the atmosphere, is called the carbon cycle.

Carbon Cycle Reactions

  • Respiration is the reaction Glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water
  • Photosynthesis is the reaction Carbon dioxide + water -> glucose + oxygen
  • Combustion of methane is the reaction Methane + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water

Example Carbon Route Through the Carbon Cycle

  • Carbon starts in a fossil fuel store.
  • The carbon enters the atmosphere by combustion.
  • Through dissolving, the carbon enters the ocean store.
  • Through deposition the carbon enters sedimentary rock.
  • The CO2 in the ocean is photosynthesised by plants.
  • The fish and aquatic organisms eat the organism which returns the carbon dioxide back to the atmosphere by respiration.

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Related Documents

Carbon Cycle Lesson - PDF

Description

Test your knowledge of carbon dioxide's role in the atmosphere and the carbon cycle. Questions cover sources, storage, impacts on marine ecosystems, and historical trends in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels.

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