Carbon Dioxide Sequestration Quiz
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What is the main focus of Geol 40310 Fossil Fuels and Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS) Lecture D1?

  • Global energy supply
  • Renewable energy in the global energy mix
  • Atmospheric CO2 concentrations
  • Marine Sequestration (correct)
  • What is the goal of UN Sustainable development Goal 7?

  • Reduce fossil fuel consumption by 50%
  • Double the global rate of improvement in energy efficiency
  • Both a and b (correct)
  • Increase substantially the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix
  • According to the IEA Net Zero Scenario, what is the projected percentage of fossil fuels in the global energy supply by 2050?

  • Less than 25% (correct)
  • Exactly 100%
  • Around 50%
  • More than 80%
  • What is the main trend in global energy efficiency from 1850 to 2050?

    <p>Continuous increase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of carbon sequestration involves sub-surface mineralisation?

    <p>Mineral sequestration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the IEA Net Zero Scenario, what is the projected change in net emissions by 2050?

    <p>Net emissions fall by 100%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main source of historical data for the Global energy Efficiency from 1850 to 2050?

    <p>The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2018</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of total CO2 emissions reduction does CCS contribute in the IEA Net Zero Scenario?

    <p>15%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the extra revenue by oil and gas producers in 2022 relative to 2021 used for?

    <p>Financing the low emission fuel investment required by the net zero scenario</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the capacity of electrolysers for hydrogen production intended for in the years 2010-2022?

    <p>Hydrogen production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of total global CO2 emissions do carbon pricing incentives cover in 2023?

    <p>23%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the European Union Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) establish?

    <p>A cap and trade system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the price of carbon in Euro per tonne of CO2 as of 26th Sept 2023?

    <p>€82.51</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a CO2 storage option according to the IPCC Report, 2005?

    <p>Ocean Storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of system is the European Union Emissions Trading System (EU ETS)?

    <p>Cap and trade system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main driving factor of the sharp carbon price increase in 2021-22?

    <p>High cost of gas leading to a greater use of coal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the method of CO2 storage that involves the chemical conversion of CO2 to solid stable inorganic carbonates?

    <p>Mineral carbonation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of rocks are considered prospective for mineral sequestration due to their efficient mineral dissolution rates?

    <p>Basalts and peridotites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which experiment successfully mineralized 95% of injected CO2 as carbonates within two years?

    <p>CarbFix experiment in Iceland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are geothermal power plants exploring CO2 sequestration by injecting captured CO2 into basalt and metamorphosed limestone formations?

    <p>Iceland and Turkey</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total capacity of surface mineral sequestration in mine tailings, such as those from the Black Lake Mine in Quebec?

    <p>3 Mt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much faster does CO2-saturated fluid through peridotites react compared to ground rock or volcanic ash in soil?

    <p>10,000 times faster</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What has evolved from 2005 to 2020, indicating advancements in carbon capture and storage technologies?

    <p>Maturity of CCS system components</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of total CO2 emissions reduction does Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) contribute in the net zero scenario?

    <p>15%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the aim of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) by 2050 in terms of ramping up from 2020 levels?

    <p>Ramp up by a factor of 200</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of CCS application mentioned in the text?

    <p>Natural gas processing in Barents Sea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    By approximately how much does CCS technology reduce greenhouse gas emissions per year?

    <p>1 MtCO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the efficiency reduction of the retrofitted CCS plant compared to a conventional coal plant?

    <p>20% reduction in energy production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not considered a CO2 storage option mentioned in the text?

    <p>Atmospheric storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is marine sequestration not considered a long-term solution according to the text?

    <p>It has a detrimental impact on marine life and the carbon cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the aim of a net zero scenario?

    <p>To limit global temperature rise to 1.5 °C in 2100 without overshoot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of total CO2 emissions reduction does Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) contribute in the net zero scenario?

    <p>15%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the aim of CCS by 2050?

    <p>To ramp up by a factor of ca. 200 from 40 million tonnes in 2020 to 5000-17,000 million tonnes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are examples of CCS application mentioned in the text?

    <p>Natural gas processing in Barents Sea and power generation in Boundary Dam, Canada</p> Signup and view all the answers

    By approximately how much does CCS technology reduce greenhouse gas emissions per year?

    <p>1 MtCO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the efficiency of a retrofitted CCS plant compare to a conventional coal plant?

    <p>It is less efficient with a 20% reduction in energy production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the options for CO2 storage mentioned in the text?

    <p>Ocean storage, geological storage, and enhanced oil recovery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) in the Context of Net Zero Scenarios

    • Net zero scenario aims to limit global temperature rise to 1.5 °C in 2100 without overshoot
    • In the net zero scenario, negative emissions compensate for remaining positive emissions
    • Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) contributes about 15% of total CO2 emissions reduction
    • CCS aims to ramp up by a factor of ca. 200 by 2050, from 40 million tonnes in 2020 to 5000-17,000 million tonnes in 2050
    • Examples of CCS application include natural gas processing in Barents Sea and power generation in Boundary Dam, Canada
    • CCS technology reduces greenhouse gas emissions by about 1 MtCO2 per year
    • The retrofitted CCS plant is less efficient than a conventional coal plant, with a 20% reduction in energy production
    • CCS system components have matured since 2005, as seen in the examples of Snøhvit and Boundary Dam
    • CO2 storage options include ocean storage, geological storage, and enhanced oil recovery
    • The behavior of CO2 in water varies based on depth and temperature, influencing its phase and dissolution rate
    • Marine sequestration, such as dissolution and lake type storage, is part of the CCS discussion
    • However, marine sequestration is not considered a long-term solution due to its potential detrimental impact on marine life and the carbon cycle

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of carbon dioxide sequestration methods and examples as well as Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) in the context of net zero scenarios with this informative quiz. Explore topics such as CO2 storage options, mineral carbonation, natural mineral CO2 sequestration, CCS technology, and the potential impact of marine sequestration.

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