37 Questions
What is the main focus of Geol 40310 Fossil Fuels and Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS) Lecture D1?
Marine Sequestration
What is the goal of UN Sustainable development Goal 7?
Both a and b
According to the IEA Net Zero Scenario, what is the projected percentage of fossil fuels in the global energy supply by 2050?
Less than 25%
What is the main trend in global energy efficiency from 1850 to 2050?
Continuous increase
What type of carbon sequestration involves sub-surface mineralisation?
Mineral sequestration
In the IEA Net Zero Scenario, what is the projected change in net emissions by 2050?
Net emissions fall by 100%
What is the main source of historical data for the Global energy Efficiency from 1850 to 2050?
The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2018
What percentage of total CO2 emissions reduction does CCS contribute in the IEA Net Zero Scenario?
15%
What is the extra revenue by oil and gas producers in 2022 relative to 2021 used for?
Financing the low emission fuel investment required by the net zero scenario
What is the capacity of electrolysers for hydrogen production intended for in the years 2010-2022?
Hydrogen production
What percentage of total global CO2 emissions do carbon pricing incentives cover in 2023?
23%
What does the European Union Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) establish?
A cap and trade system
What was the price of carbon in Euro per tonne of CO2 as of 26th Sept 2023?
€82.51
Which of the following is not a CO2 storage option according to the IPCC Report, 2005?
Ocean Storage
What type of system is the European Union Emissions Trading System (EU ETS)?
Cap and trade system
What is the main driving factor of the sharp carbon price increase in 2021-22?
High cost of gas leading to a greater use of coal
What is the method of CO2 storage that involves the chemical conversion of CO2 to solid stable inorganic carbonates?
Mineral carbonation
Which type of rocks are considered prospective for mineral sequestration due to their efficient mineral dissolution rates?
Basalts and peridotites
Which experiment successfully mineralized 95% of injected CO2 as carbonates within two years?
CarbFix experiment in Iceland
Where are geothermal power plants exploring CO2 sequestration by injecting captured CO2 into basalt and metamorphosed limestone formations?
Iceland and Turkey
What is the total capacity of surface mineral sequestration in mine tailings, such as those from the Black Lake Mine in Quebec?
3 Mt
How much faster does CO2-saturated fluid through peridotites react compared to ground rock or volcanic ash in soil?
10,000 times faster
What has evolved from 2005 to 2020, indicating advancements in carbon capture and storage technologies?
Maturity of CCS system components
What percentage of total CO2 emissions reduction does Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) contribute in the net zero scenario?
15%
What is the aim of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) by 2050 in terms of ramping up from 2020 levels?
Ramp up by a factor of 200
Which of the following is an example of CCS application mentioned in the text?
Natural gas processing in Barents Sea
By approximately how much does CCS technology reduce greenhouse gas emissions per year?
1 MtCO2
What is the efficiency reduction of the retrofitted CCS plant compared to a conventional coal plant?
20% reduction in energy production
Which of the following is not considered a CO2 storage option mentioned in the text?
Atmospheric storage
Why is marine sequestration not considered a long-term solution according to the text?
It has a detrimental impact on marine life and the carbon cycle
What is the aim of a net zero scenario?
To limit global temperature rise to 1.5 °C in 2100 without overshoot
What percentage of total CO2 emissions reduction does Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) contribute in the net zero scenario?
15%
What is the aim of CCS by 2050?
To ramp up by a factor of ca. 200 from 40 million tonnes in 2020 to 5000-17,000 million tonnes
What are examples of CCS application mentioned in the text?
Natural gas processing in Barents Sea and power generation in Boundary Dam, Canada
By approximately how much does CCS technology reduce greenhouse gas emissions per year?
1 MtCO2
How does the efficiency of a retrofitted CCS plant compare to a conventional coal plant?
It is less efficient with a 20% reduction in energy production
What are the options for CO2 storage mentioned in the text?
Ocean storage, geological storage, and enhanced oil recovery
Study Notes
Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) in the Context of Net Zero Scenarios
- Net zero scenario aims to limit global temperature rise to 1.5 °C in 2100 without overshoot
- In the net zero scenario, negative emissions compensate for remaining positive emissions
- Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) contributes about 15% of total CO2 emissions reduction
- CCS aims to ramp up by a factor of ca. 200 by 2050, from 40 million tonnes in 2020 to 5000-17,000 million tonnes in 2050
- Examples of CCS application include natural gas processing in Barents Sea and power generation in Boundary Dam, Canada
- CCS technology reduces greenhouse gas emissions by about 1 MtCO2 per year
- The retrofitted CCS plant is less efficient than a conventional coal plant, with a 20% reduction in energy production
- CCS system components have matured since 2005, as seen in the examples of Snøhvit and Boundary Dam
- CO2 storage options include ocean storage, geological storage, and enhanced oil recovery
- The behavior of CO2 in water varies based on depth and temperature, influencing its phase and dissolution rate
- Marine sequestration, such as dissolution and lake type storage, is part of the CCS discussion
- However, marine sequestration is not considered a long-term solution due to its potential detrimental impact on marine life and the carbon cycle
Test your knowledge of carbon dioxide sequestration methods and examples as well as Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) in the context of net zero scenarios with this informative quiz. Explore topics such as CO2 storage options, mineral carbonation, natural mineral CO2 sequestration, CCS technology, and the potential impact of marine sequestration.
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