Carbohydrates Structure and Properties
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Questions and Answers

What is the general formula for carbohydrates?

  • Cn(H)m
  • Cn(H2O)m
  • Cn(OH)n
  • Cn(H2O)n (correct)

What is the functional group that makes carbohydrates soluble in water?

  • Carbonyl group (-COH)
  • Amino group (-NH2)
  • Hydroxyl group (-OH) (correct)
  • Sulfhydryl group (-SH)

What is the type of bond that links two monosaccharides to form a disaccharide?

  • Hydrogen bond
  • Peptide bond
  • Ionic bond
  • Glycosidic bond (correct)

What is the type of reaction that occurs when two monosaccharides are linked to form a disaccharide?

<p>Condensation reaction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a carbohydrate composed of a single sugar molecule?

<p>Monosaccharide (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a carbohydrate composed of many sugar molecules linked together?

<p>Polysaccharide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of starch and glycogen?

<p>Thousands of glucose molecules linked together in long chains (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the physical property that characterizes lipids?

<p>Low solubility in water (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are fatty acids synthesized in the body?

<p>By linking together of two-C fragments (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of a saturated fatty acid?

<p>When all the carbons in a fatty acid are linked by single covalent bonds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the common number of carbon atoms in fatty acids?

<p>16- and 18- C fatty acids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of lipids in the average body weight?

<p>15% of the body weight (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of fatty acids make fats solid at room temperature?

<p>Saturated fatty acids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the modified fatty acids that regulate cell functions?

<p>Eicosanoids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary component of lipids in the body?

<p>Triglycerides (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the major function of fats in the body?

<p>Energy storage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are triglycerides formed?

<p>Through the linking of glycerol with fatty acids (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between triglycerides and phospholipids?

<p>The presence of phosphate in phospholipids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the body weight is made up of proteins?

<p>17% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the basic component of proteins?

<p>Amino acids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many different amino acids are found in proteins of all living organisms?

<p>20 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of linking the carboxyl group of one amino acid to the amino group of another?

<p>A water molecule is formed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the amino acid side chain?

<p>To determine the properties of an amino acid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general structure of proteins?

<p>A long chain of amino acids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the bond between the amino and carboxyl group called?

<p>Peptide bond (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a sequence of amino acids linked by peptide bonds?

<p>A polypeptide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a peptide and a protein?

<p>The number of amino acids in the sequence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of nucleic acids?

<p>To store and transmit genetic information (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between DNA and RNA?

<p>The function of the molecule in the cell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the building block of nucleic acids?

<p>Nucleotide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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