20 Questions
Which of the following is NOT a classification of carbohydrates?
Monosaccharide
What is the chemical formula for glucose?
C6H12O6
How many chiral carbons are there in glucose?
4
What determines whether a chiral compound is an L or D stereoisomer?
The highest numbered chiral carbon
Which monosaccharide has a unique atomic arrangement from glucose and fructose?
Galactose
What are disaccharides?
2 monosaccharides combined
Which of the following is NOT a type of carbohydrate chemistry?
Protein
What is the functional group present in monosaccharides?
Aldehyde or ketone
In which form do monosaccharides exist?
Cyclic form
What is the classification of carbohydrates based on their glycemic response?
Glycemic
Which type of bond is found in maltose?
α(1-4) glycosidic bond
Which disaccharide is found in milk?
Lactose
Which oligosaccharide is found in onions?
Fructo-oligosaccharides
Which polysaccharide is the storage form of energy in plants?
Starch
Which enzyme is resistant to the digestion of non-starch polysaccharides?
α-amylase
Where is glycogen primarily stored in the body?
Liver
Which carbohydrate is classified as a monosaccharide?
Galactose
Which carbohydrate is classified as a polysaccharide?
Sucrose
Which carbohydrate is classified as a disaccharide?
Lactose
Which carbohydrate is classified as a complex carbohydrate?
Starch
Study Notes
Carbohydrate Classifications
- Carbohydrates are classified into four groups: monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides
- However, complex carbohydrate is not a classification of carbohydrates
Glucose
- The chemical formula for glucose is C6H12O6
- Glucose has 4 chiral carbons
Stereoisomers
- Whether a chiral compound is an L or D stereoisomer is determined by the arrangement of atoms around its chiral center
Monosaccharides
- Glucose and fructose have similar atomic arrangements, but galactose has a unique atomic arrangement
- Monosaccharides exist as ring structures
- The functional group present in monosaccharides is a hydroxyl group (-OH)
Disaccharides
- Disaccharides are formed by the condensation reaction of two monosaccharides
- Maltose is a disaccharide that contains an alpha-1,4 glycosidic bond
- Lactose is a disaccharide found in milk
Oligosaccharides and Polysaccharides
- Fructan is an oligosaccharide found in onions
- Starch is a polysaccharide that serves as the storage form of energy in plants
- Cellulase is an enzyme that is resistant to the digestion of non-starch polysaccharides
Glycemic Response and Storage
- Carbohydrates can be classified based on their glycemic response
- Glycogen is primarily stored in the liver and muscles
Examples of Carbohydrates
- Glucose is a monosaccharide
- Cellulose is a polysaccharide
- Sucrose is a disaccharide
- Fiber is a complex carbohydrate
Test your knowledge on carbohydrates with this quiz. Learn about their classification, structures, properties, and their role in nutrition.
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