Questions and Answers
What are monosaccharides? Give examples.
What are disaccharides? Give examples.
What are polysaccharides? Give examples.
What is the ratio of carbohydrates?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the monomer of carbohydrates?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a polymer in carbohydrates?
Signup and view all the answers
How are carbohydrates made?
Signup and view all the answers
How are simple carbohydrates used?
Signup and view all the answers
How are complex carbohydrates used?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the use of starch in complex carbohydrates?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the use of glycogen in complex carbohydrates?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the use of cellulose in complex carbohydrates?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the use of chitin in complex carbohydrates?
Signup and view all the answers
Humans can break down ____ but not ____.
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Monosaccharides
- Simple sugars like glucose and ribose.
- Serve as the primary energy source for cells.
Disaccharides
- Formed by the combination of two monosaccharides.
- Examples include lactose (milk sugar), sucrose (table sugar), and maltose (malt sugar).
Polysaccharides
- Large molecules composed of long chains of monosaccharide units.
- Key examples:
- Starch: energy storage in plants.
- Glycogen: energy storage in animals.
- Cellulose: structural component in plant cell walls.
- Chitin: structural component in fungi and the exoskeleton of insects.
Carbohydrates Ratio
- Composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a specific ratio of 1:2:1.
Monomer and Polymer
- Monomer of carbohydrates: monosaccharides.
- Polymer of carbohydrates: polysaccharides.
Formation of Carbohydrates
- Synthesized via condensation reactions, where water is removed to form bonds between monosaccharides.
Utilization of Carbohydrates
- Simple carbohydrates (monosaccharides and disaccharides) are primarily used for quick energy.
- Complex carbohydrates (polysaccharides) serve structural purposes or energy storage.
Specific Uses of Complex Carbohydrates
- Starch: stores energy in plants.
- Glycogen: stores energy in animals; highly branched structure for rapid mobilization.
- Cellulose: provides rigidity and structural support in plant cell walls.
- Chitin: offers structural support in fungal cell walls and insect exoskeletons.
Digestibility of Carbohydrates
- Humans can break down starch but are unable to digest cellulose, which acts as fiber in the diet.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Explore the fascinating world of carbohydrates, including monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. Understand their structure, function, and the biochemical processes involved in their formation and utilization. This quiz will test your knowledge of these essential biomolecules.
