28 Questions
Why is L-Glucose not used by humans as a source of energy?
It cannot undergo glycolysis due to its configuration
Why is fructose categorized as a reducing sugar?
It contains an aldehyde group that can be oxidized
Why is sucrose categorized as a non-reducing sugar?
It does not contain any free anomeric carbon
What is the main role of sugars in the food industry?
Contribute to color, flavor, and aroma of food products
Which type of sweetener is extensively used in the preservation of jams, jellies, and fruit juices?
Invert sugar
What are carbohydrates made out of?
C, H, and O
Which of the following is a biological role of carbohydrates?
Energy reserves
How are monosaccharides classified based on their chemical structure?
According to whether their acyclic forms possess an aldehyde or a keto group
Which of the following is a characteristic of monosaccharides?
Chiral polyhydroxy aldehydes and polyhydroxy ketones
What are the three main groups into which carbohydrates can be classified based on their chemical structure?
Low molecular weight mono- and disaccharides, intermediate molecular weight oligosaccharides, high molecular weight polysaccharides
What is the most abundant and diverse class of organic compounds occurring in nature?
Carbohydrates
What is the biological role of carbohydrates as protective substances?
Cell recognition moieties
What are the two major groups into which monosaccharides are divided based on whether their acyclic forms possess an aldehyde or a keto group?
-Aldoses and Ketoses
Which type of carbohydrates often exist in cyclic hemiacetal forms?
Monosaccharides
What is the unique property of water mentioned in the text?
It is the only substance that occurs in three physical states on earth
How does water influence the structure of food according to the text?
It affects the appearance, taste, and texture of food
Why is maintaining the optimum water content important when processing a food product?
To prevent chemical reactions and microbial growth
What is emphasized as important in studying the properties and behavior of water molecules?
The relationship between water content of food and its perishability
What does the text suggest about the impact of water content on the perishability of food?
High water content increases food perishability
What is stated as a major component of most foods in the text?
Water
Which property of water contributes to its ability to resist dehydration?
High latent heat of evaporation
What is the phase transition property attributed to the three-dimensional hydrogen bonding in water?
Enthalpies of various phase transitions
Which physical property of water allows it to have a high resistance to thermal regulation?
Heat capacity
What type of molecule is water based on its polarity?
Polar molecule
What does water activity (a w) measure in a solution?
Ratio of vapor pressure in the solution to that of pure water
What is the main reason for water being an excellent solvent for polar and ionic compounds?
Polarity and high dielectric constant
At what temperature does water boil at 1 atm pressure?
100.000⁰C
'What is the density of liquid water at 20⁰C?' is an example of a question related to which physical property of water?
$0.99821 \text{ g/cm}^3$
This quiz covers the fundamentals of carbohydrates including their categories, biological and industrial importance, acyclic and cyclic structures, and chemical reactions. It also delves into their composition and abundance.
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