Carbohydrates and Macromolecules Quiz
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Carbohydrates and Macromolecules Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Describe and draw the ring forms of α-glucose and β-glucose.

α-glucose has the hydroxyl group on the first carbon atom pointing down, while β-glucose has it pointing up.

A ___ is a single sugar molecule.

monosaccharide

A ___ is made of two sugar molecules.

disaccharide

A ___ is made of more than two sugar molecules.

<p>polysaccharide</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do covalent bonds play in joining smaller molecules together to form polymers?

<p>Covalent bonds form strong links between monomers, allowing them to join and create polymers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sucrose is a reducing sugar.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are reducing sugars? (Select all that apply)

<p>Fructose</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a glycosidic bond?

<p>A glycosidic bond is a covalent bond formed between two monosaccharides through a condensation reaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during the hydrolysis of a glycosidic bond?

<p>The glycosidic bond is broken, resulting in the release of individual monosaccharides.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following carbohydrates with their descriptions:

<p>Monosaccharide = Single sugar molecule Disaccharide = Two sugar molecules Polysaccharide = More than two sugar molecules Glycosidic bond = Covalent bond between sugars</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Introduction

  • Monomers are single molecules
  • Polymers are made up of more than one molecule
  • Macromolecules are large molecules made of many molecules

Carbohydrates

  • Carbohydrates contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
  • The general formula for carbohydrates is Cx(H2O)y.
  • The three main groups of carbohydrates are:
    • Monosaccharides: made up of one sugar molecule.
    • Disaccharides: made up of two sugar molecules.
    • Polysaccharides: made up of many sugar molecules

Monosaccharides

  • They easily dissolve in water to form sweet tasting solutions.
  • The general formula for monosaccharides is (CH2O)n, where n is the number of carbon atoms in the molecule
  • The key types of monosaccharides are:
    • Trioses (3C)
    • Pentoses (5C) - ribose and deoxyribose (DNA & RNA)
    • Hexoses (6C) - glucose and fructose

The Two Forms of Glucose

  • Glucose (C6H12O6) is the most common monosaccharide.
  • Glucose exists in two forms - alpha (α) glucose and beta (β) glucose.
  • The two isomers of glucose form different polysaccharides.

Covalent Bonds in Polymers

  • Covalent bonds involve sharing electrons between atoms.
  • Covalent bonds are very stable, requiring high energy to break.
  • Covalent bonds can be polar or nonpolar.
  • When monomers bond together with covalent bonds forming a polymer, this is called polymerisation.

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Chapter 2: Biological Molecules PDF

Description

Test your knowledge on carbohydrates, their types, and the structure of macromolecules. This quiz covers monosaccharides, disaccharides, and the unique forms of glucose. Perfect for students learning about organic chemistry.

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