Carbohydrates and Blood Glucose Regulation

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Questions and Answers

How does the structure of D-galactose differ from that of D-glucose?

  • It differs at carbon 4. (correct)
  • It differs at carbon 5.
  • It differs at carbon 1 and carbon 2.
  • There is no correct response, the structures are identical.

Which of the following is the correct Fischer projection formula for D-glucose?

  • $\ce{HO-C-H}$ $\ce{H-C-OH}$ $\ce{H-C-OH}$ $\ce{H-C=O}$ $\ce{H-C-OH}$
  • $\ce{HO-C-H}$ $\ce{H-C-OH}$ $\ce{H-C-OH}$ $\ce{H-C-OH}$ $\ce{H-C-OH}$
  • $\ce{HO-C-H}$ $\ce{H-C-OH}$ $\ce{H-C-OH}$ $\ce{H-C-OH}$ $\ce{H-C=O}$
  • $\ce{HO-C-H}$ $\ce{H-C-OH}$ $\ce{H-C=O}$ $\ce{H-C-OH}$ $\ce{H-C-OH}$ (correct)

How does the structure of D-fructose differ from that of D-glucose?

  • It differs at carbon 1 and carbon 2. (correct)
  • There is no correct response, the structures are identical.
  • It differs at carbon 5.
  • It differs at carbon 4.

Which of the following is a component of DNA molecules?

<p>2-deoxy-D-ribose (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following monosaccharides is a primary energy source for cells?

<p>D-glucose (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following monosaccharides is used to synthesize lactose (milk sugar) in the human body?

<p>D-galactose (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the smallest monosaccharide that can exist?

<p>Trioses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following monosaccharides is a chiral molecule?

<p>D-glyceraldehyde (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following monosaccharides is the most abundant in nature?

<p>Glucose (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following monosaccharides is not nutritious and cannot be used by the human body?

<p>L-Glucose (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common use of D-Glucose in a medical setting?

<p>Intravenous source of nourishment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following monosaccharides is a ketohexose?

<p>Fructose (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of acidic sugar is produced when a monosaccharide is oxidized using a strong oxidizing agent?

<p>Aldaric acid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not one of the five important reactions of monosaccharides mentioned in the text?

<p>Dehydration Reaction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of acidic sugar is produced when a monosaccharide is oxidized using a weak oxidizing agent?

<p>Aldonic acid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the structure of monosaccharides is correct?

<p>Carbon atoms not part of the ring are always attached to ring carbon atoms adjacent to the oxygen atom. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of glucuronic acid in the structure of polysaccharides?

<p>Glucuronic acid is a structural component of the polysaccharide hyaluronic acid. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between glucose oxidation and diabetes testing?

<p>Diabetes testing involves the oxidation of glucose to produce an acidic sugar, which is then measured. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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