Carbohydrate Metabolism Regulation in Clinical Chemistry

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Questions and Answers

Which hormone acts to lower blood glucose levels?

Glucose
Glycogen
Insulin (correct)
Glucagon

What is the role of the liver in carbohydrate metabolism?

Enhancing glucose transport into skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and the heart
Producing and secreting digestive enzymes
Secreting insulin and glucagon to regulate blood glucose levels
Balancing the uptake and storage of glucose via glycogenesis and the release of glucose via glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis (correct)

Where is insulin secreted from?

Skeletal muscle cells
Liver cells
𝛼 cells of islets of Langerhans from the pancreas
𝛽 cells of islets of Langerhans from the pancreas (correct)

When is glucagon secreted?

When there is a fall in blood glucose level from the normal range (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of glucagon?

To raise blood glucose levels (B) Signup and view all the answers

Match the following organs with their roles in carbohydrate metabolism:

Liver = Release of glucose via glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis Pancreas = Endocrine function in regulating blood glucose levels Signup and view all the answers

Match the following hormones with their effects on blood glucose levels:

Insulin = Enhances glucose transport into skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and the heart Glucagon = Secreted when there is a fall in blood glucose level from the normal range Signup and view all the answers

Match the following functions with the respective hormones:

Insulin = Increasing glycogenesis, lipogenesis, and glycolysis Glucagon = Secretion when there is a fall in blood glucose level from the normal range Signup and view all the answers

Match the following hormone-secreting cells with their secreted hormones:

𝛽 cells of islets of Langerhans from the pancreas = Responsible for enhanced glucose transport into tissues 𝛼 cells of islets of Langerhans from the pancreas = Secreted when there is a fall in blood glucose level from the normal range Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their descriptions:

Glycogenesis = Process of storing glucose as glycogen Glycogenolysis = Process of releasing glucose from glycogen Gluconeogenesis = Process of synthesizing new glucose from non-carbohydrate sources Hypoglycemic agents = Hormones that decrease glucose levels Signup and view all the answers