Carbohydrate Metabolism Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the major hexose found in blood?

  • Galactose
  • Fructose
  • Maltose
  • Glucose (correct)

    • Which type of sugar cannot be digested in the human gastrointestinal tract due to the lack of enzymes that can hydrolyze β-1, 4 linkages?

  • Maltose
  • Sucrose
  • Cellulose (correct)
  • Lactose

    • What are disaccharides formed by?

  • The hydrolysis of two monosaccharides
  • The condensation of two monosaccharides (correct)
  • The polymerization of two monosaccharides
  • The oxidation of two monosaccharides

    • Which organ is the major site of fructose and galactose metabolism?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the central pathway in the catabolism of all sugars?

    <p>Glycolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during anaerobic glycolysis?

    <p>Pyruvate is reduced to lactate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can high concentrations of lactate cause?

    <p>Lactic acidosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes lactose intolerance?

    <p>Low activity of the enzyme lactase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are polysaccharides hydrolyzed by?

    <p>Glycosidase enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can accumulation of galactose and Galactose 1-phosphate in tissues lead to?

    <p>Cataracts, glaucoma, and damage to the liver, kidney, and brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are monosaccharides composed of?

    <p>C, H, and O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are polysaccharides?

    <p>Monomers of monosaccharides linked by glycosidic bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major hexose found in blood?

    <p>Glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of sugar cannot be digested in the human gastrointestinal tract due to the lack of enzymes that can hydrolyze β-1, 4 linkages?

    <p>Cellulose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are disaccharides formed by?

    <p>The condensation of two monosaccharides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ is the major site of fructose and galactose metabolism?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the central pathway in the catabolism of all sugars?

    <p>Glycolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during anaerobic glycolysis?

    <p>Pyruvate is reduced to lactate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can high concentrations of lactate cause?

    <p>Lactic acidosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes lactose intolerance?

    <p>Low activity of the enzyme lactase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are polysaccharides hydrolyzed by?

    <p>Glycosidase enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can accumulation of galactose and Galactose 1-phosphate in tissues lead to?

    <p>Cataracts, glaucoma, and damage to the liver, kidney, and brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are monosaccharides composed of?

    <p>C, H, and O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are polysaccharides?

    <p>Monomers of monosaccharides linked by glycosidic bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are carbohydrates composed of?

    <p>C, H, and O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are monosaccharides?

    <p>The most commonly occurring sugars</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major hexose found in blood?

    <p>Glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are disaccharides formed by?

    <p>The condensation of two monosaccharides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why can't cellulose be digested in the human gastrointestinal tract?

    <p>Due to the lack of enzymes that can hydrolyze β-1, 4 linkages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are dietary polysaccharides hydrolyzed by?

    <p>Glycosidase enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major site of fructose and galactose metabolism?

    <p>The liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the central pathway in the catabolism of all sugars?

    <p>Glycolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during anaerobic glycolysis?

    <p>Pyruvate is reduced to lactate by lactate dehydrogenase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can high concentrations of lactate cause?

    <p>Lactic acidosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes lactose intolerance?

    <p>Low activity of the enzyme lactase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is galactosaemia caused by?

    <p>A lack of Galactokinase or Galactose 1-phosphate uridyl transferase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are carbohydrates composed of?

    <p>C, H, and O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are monosaccharides?

    <p>The most commonly occurring sugars</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major hexose found in blood?

    <p>Glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are carbohydrates composed of?

    <p>C, H, and O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are disaccharides?

    <p>Compounds formed by the condensation of two monosaccharides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is cellulose?

    <p>A polysaccharide found in plants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are monosaccharides?

    <p>The most commonly occurring sugars</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major site of fructose and galactose metabolism?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major hexose found in blood?

    <p>Glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is glycolysis?

    <p>The central pathway in the catabolism of all sugars</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are disaccharides?

    <p>Compounds formed by the condensation of two monosaccharides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is anaerobic glycolysis?

    <p>The process that occurs when there is inadequate oxygen supply or in cells without mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is cellulose?

    <p>A polysaccharide found in plants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is lactate dehydrogenase?

    <p>The enzyme that reduces pyruvate to lactate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major site of fructose and galactose metabolism?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is lactose intolerance?

    <p>Low activity of the enzyme lactase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is glycolysis?

    <p>The central pathway in the catabolism of all sugars</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is galactosaemia?

    <p>A lack of Galactokinase or Galactose 1-phosphate uridyl transferase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is anaerobic glycolysis?

    <p>The process that occurs when there is inadequate oxygen supply or in cells without mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can galactose and Galactose 1-phosphate accumulation in tissues lead to?

    <p>Cataracts, glaucoma, and damage to the liver, kidney, and brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is lactate dehydrogenase?

    <p>The enzyme that reduces pyruvate to lactate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is lactose intolerance?

    <p>Low activity of the enzyme lactase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is galactosaemia?

    <p>A lack of Galactokinase or Galactose 1-phosphate uridyl transferase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can galactose and Galactose 1-phosphate accumulation in tissues lead to?

    <p>Cataracts, glaucoma, and damage to the liver, kidney, and brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Carbohydrate Metabolism: Structures, Digestion, and Pathways

    • Carbohydrates are compounds composed of C, H, and O, and exist as mono, di, and polysaccharides.
    • Monosaccharides are the most commonly occurring sugars and can be aldoses or ketoses.
    • Glucose is the major hexose found in blood, while fructose and galactose may appear for short periods depending on dietary intake.
    • Disaccharides are formed by the condensation of two monosaccharides, and polysaccharides are polymers of monosaccharide units linked by glycosidic bonds.
    • Cellulose, found in plants, cannot be digested in the human gastrointestinal tract due to the lack of enzymes that can hydrolyze β-1, 4 linkages.
    • Dietary polysaccharides are hydrolyzed by glycosidase enzymes, releasing glucose, maltose, and smaller polysaccharides.
    • The liver is the major site of fructose and galactose metabolism, while all tissues can remove glucose, fructose, and galactose from the blood.
    • Glycolysis is the central pathway in the catabolism of all sugars and generates ATP, NADH, building block molecules for anabolism, and useful intermediates for specific cell functions.
    • Anaerobic glycolysis occurs when there is inadequate oxygen supply or in cells without mitochondria, and pyruvate is reduced to lactate by lactate dehydrogenase.
    • Normally, the amount of lactate produced equals the amount of lactate utilized, but high concentrations can cause lactic acidosis.
    • Lactose intolerance is caused by low activity of the enzyme lactase, while galactosaemia is caused by a lack of Galactokinase or Galactose 1-phosphate uridyl transferase.
    • Galactose and Galactose 1-phosphate accumulation in tissues can lead to cataracts, glaucoma, and damage to the liver, kidney, and brain.

    Carbohydrate Metabolism: Structures, Digestion, and Pathways

    • Carbohydrates are compounds composed of C, H, and O, and exist as mono, di, and polysaccharides.
    • Monosaccharides are the most commonly occurring sugars and can be aldoses or ketoses.
    • Glucose is the major hexose found in blood, while fructose and galactose may appear for short periods depending on dietary intake.
    • Disaccharides are formed by the condensation of two monosaccharides, and polysaccharides are polymers of monosaccharide units linked by glycosidic bonds.
    • Cellulose, found in plants, cannot be digested in the human gastrointestinal tract due to the lack of enzymes that can hydrolyze β-1, 4 linkages.
    • Dietary polysaccharides are hydrolyzed by glycosidase enzymes, releasing glucose, maltose, and smaller polysaccharides.
    • The liver is the major site of fructose and galactose metabolism, while all tissues can remove glucose, fructose, and galactose from the blood.
    • Glycolysis is the central pathway in the catabolism of all sugars and generates ATP, NADH, building block molecules for anabolism, and useful intermediates for specific cell functions.
    • Anaerobic glycolysis occurs when there is inadequate oxygen supply or in cells without mitochondria, and pyruvate is reduced to lactate by lactate dehydrogenase.
    • Normally, the amount of lactate produced equals the amount of lactate utilized, but high concentrations can cause lactic acidosis.
    • Lactose intolerance is caused by low activity of the enzyme lactase, while galactosaemia is caused by a lack of Galactokinase or Galactose 1-phosphate uridyl transferase.
    • Galactose and Galactose 1-phosphate accumulation in tissues can lead to cataracts, glaucoma, and damage to the liver, kidney, and brain.

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    Carbohydrate Metabolism Module PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on carbohydrate metabolism with this informative quiz! From the structures and digestion of mono, di, and polysaccharides to the pathways involved in catabolism, this quiz covers it all. Learn about the different sugars found in the blood and how they are metabolized by different organs. Test your understanding of glycolysis and anaerobic metabolism, and gain insight into lactose intolerance and galactosaemia. This quiz is perfect for students or anyone interested in deepening their

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