Carbohydrate Digestion Process Overview

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What is the main endocrine role of the pancreas?

Regulating blood glucose levels through insulin and glucagon secretion (correct)

Activating bile release for fat digestion

Secreting hormones that control protein breakdown

Secreting enzymes for carbohydrate digestion

In what situation would blood glucose levels spike after a meal?

When glucagon secretion increases

When insulin secretion rises (correct)

When cells do not require insulin to take up glucose

When insulin secretion decreases

What is the function of insulin in glucose uptake by cells?

To prevent glucose from entering cells

To convert glucose into fat directly

To allow glucose to enter cells from the bloodstream (correct)

To store glucose in the blood

What role does glucagon play when blood glucose levels are too low?

It increases blood glucose levels Signup and view all the answers

What happens when insulin binds to its receptors on the cell surface?

Glucose transporters move to the cell's surface Signup and view all the answers

What can cause glucose to remain in the blood and lead to high blood glucose levels?

Insulin deficiency or insulin resistance Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of carbohydrate digestion occurs in the mouth?

5-10% Signup and view all the answers

What is the main product of salivary amylase breaking down starch?

Maltose and glucose Signup and view all the answers

Where does most carbohydrate digestion occur?

Small intestine Signup and view all the answers

What inactivates salivary amylase in the stomach?

High acidity Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the release of pancreatic juice into the small intestine?

Cholecystokinin (CCK) hormone Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of microvilli in carbohydrate digestion?

To provide a surface area for enzyme action Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of salivary amylase in the digestion process?

It promotes the digestion of carbohydrates Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of pancreatic juice secreted by the pancreas?

Promote digestion of carbohydrates Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is involved in lowering blood glucose levels?

Insulin Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a state of low blood glucose levels?

Hypoglycemia Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of exocrine cells in the pancreas?

Secretion of pancreatic juice Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the endocrine pancreas?

Secretion of hormones into the bloodstream Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme begins the digestion of starch in the mouth?

Salivary amylase Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme completes the digestion of starch into glucose in the small intestine?

Pancreatic amylase Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of dietary fibre in the human body?

Prevention of rapid glucose absorption Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following foods contains the highest amount of amylopectin?

Potatoes Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between amylose and amylopectin?

Amylopectin is composed of branched chains of glucose, while amylose is made up of linear chains Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organs is NOT involved in starch digestion?

Stomach Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of brush border enzymes in carbohydrate digestion?

They are responsible for the breakdown of complex carbohydrates into monosaccharides in the small intestine. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to glucose after it is absorbed into the blood capillaries in the small intestine?

It enters the general circulation. Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is responsible for breaking down lactose in the small intestine?

Lactase Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of salivary amylase in carbohydrate digestion?

It breaks down complex carbohydrates into maltose in the stomach. Signup and view all the answers

What is the principal function of pancreatic amylase in carbohydrate digestion?

It breaks down complex carbohydrates into maltose, maltotriose, and dextrins in the small intestine. Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition that occurs when there is insufficient secretion of lactase?

Lactose intolerance Signup and view all the answers