Podcast
Questions and Answers
What type of malformations are characterized by postcapillary venules?
What type of malformations are characterized by postcapillary venules?
- Venous malformations
- Capillary (venular) malformations (correct)
- Arterial malformations
- Lymphatic malformations
Where are the postcapillary venules located in capillary (venular) malformations?
Where are the postcapillary venules located in capillary (venular) malformations?
- Subcutaneous tissue
- Deep reticular dermis
- Papillary dermis (correct)
- Superficial reticular dermis (correct)
What is the primary goal of treatment in the proliferative phase?
What is the primary goal of treatment in the proliferative phase?
- To monitor the lesion for spontaneous regression
- To perform immediate surgery
- To provide medication for pain relief
- To eradicate or stunt the growth of lesions (correct)
What type of lesions are typically not treated aggressively in the proliferative phase?
What type of lesions are typically not treated aggressively in the proliferative phase?
What is the primary component of capillary (venular) malformations?
What is the primary component of capillary (venular) malformations?
What is an important aspect of managing lesions in the proliferative phase?
What is an important aspect of managing lesions in the proliferative phase?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of capillary (venular) malformations?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of capillary (venular) malformations?
What is the primary benefit of regular follow-up in the proliferative phase?
What is the primary benefit of regular follow-up in the proliferative phase?
What is the general classification of capillary (venular) malformations?
What is the general classification of capillary (venular) malformations?
What is the term for the approach of not actively treating a lesion in the proliferative phase?
What is the term for the approach of not actively treating a lesion in the proliferative phase?
What are the types of venous malformations?
What are the types of venous malformations?
What percentage of venous malformations are located in the head and neck area?
What percentage of venous malformations are located in the head and neck area?
Where are the majority of venous malformations located?
Where are the majority of venous malformations located?
What is a characteristic of up to 60% of venous malformations?
What is a characteristic of up to 60% of venous malformations?
What is true about venous malformations?
What is true about venous malformations?
What is the purpose of grey-scale ultrasound?
What is the purpose of grey-scale ultrasound?
What is the purpose of Doppler analysis?
What is the purpose of Doppler analysis?
What is the categorization of lymphatic malformations based on?
What is the categorization of lymphatic malformations based on?
What is established by Doppler analysis?
What is established by Doppler analysis?
What is the characteristic of macrocystic lymphatic malformations?
What is the characteristic of macrocystic lymphatic malformations?
What is defined by grey-scale ultrasound?
What is defined by grey-scale ultrasound?
What is the defining feature of microcystic lymphatic malformations?
What is the defining feature of microcystic lymphatic malformations?
What do grey-scale ultrasound and Doppler analysis help in?
What do grey-scale ultrasound and Doppler analysis help in?
How many categories are lymphatic malformations divided into?
How many categories are lymphatic malformations divided into?
What is the unit of measurement for the size of cysts in lymphatic malformations?
What is the unit of measurement for the size of cysts in lymphatic malformations?
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Study Notes
Low-Flow Malformations
- Capillary (venular) malformations are composed of postcapillary venules within the papillary and superficial reticular dermis.
- They can appear in focal, multifocal, or diffuse forms.
- Approximately 60% of venous malformations occur in the head and neck area.
Lymphatic Malformations
- Lymphatic malformations are categorized into two types:
- Macrocystic: featuring single or multiple cysts larger than 2 cm3
- Microcystic
Treatment of Low-Flow Malformations
- During the proliferative phase, the goal is to eradicate or stunt the growth of the malformation.
- Treatment options include:
- Benign neglect or watchful waiting with parental education and regular follow-up, particularly for non-life-threatening lesions.
- Diagnostic tools:
- Grey-scale ultrasound
- Doppler analysis: useful in determining whether the lesion is solid or cystic and in identifying the presence or absence of high-flow vessels.
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