25 Questions
What type of malformations are characterized by postcapillary venules?
Capillary (venular) malformations
Where are the postcapillary venules located in capillary (venular) malformations?
Papillary dermis
What is the primary goal of treatment in the proliferative phase?
To eradicate or stunt the growth of lesions
What type of lesions are typically not treated aggressively in the proliferative phase?
Lesions that are not life or sight threatening
What is the primary component of capillary (venular) malformations?
Postcapillary venules
What is an important aspect of managing lesions in the proliferative phase?
Providing regular education to parents
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of capillary (venular) malformations?
Located in the deep reticular dermis
What is the primary benefit of regular follow-up in the proliferative phase?
To ensure the lesion is not growing
What is the general classification of capillary (venular) malformations?
Low-flow malformations
What is the term for the approach of not actively treating a lesion in the proliferative phase?
Watchful neglect
What are the types of venous malformations?
Focal, multifocal, and diffuse
What percentage of venous malformations are located in the head and neck area?
60%
Where are the majority of venous malformations located?
Head and neck
What is a characteristic of up to 60% of venous malformations?
They are located in the head and neck area
What is true about venous malformations?
They can be found in the head and neck area
What is the purpose of grey-scale ultrasound?
To define whether the lesion is solid or cystic
What is the purpose of Doppler analysis?
To identify the presence of high flow vessels
What is the categorization of lymphatic malformations based on?
Size of cysts
What is established by Doppler analysis?
The presence or absence of high flow vessels
What is the characteristic of macrocystic lymphatic malformations?
Single or multiple cysts >2 cm3
What is defined by grey-scale ultrasound?
Whether the lesion is solid or cystic
What is the defining feature of microcystic lymphatic malformations?
Not specified in the content
What do grey-scale ultrasound and Doppler analysis help in?
Defining whether the lesion is solid or cystic and establishing the presence or absence of high flow vessels
How many categories are lymphatic malformations divided into?
2
What is the unit of measurement for the size of cysts in lymphatic malformations?
cm3
Study Notes
Low-Flow Malformations
- Capillary (venular) malformations are composed of postcapillary venules within the papillary and superficial reticular dermis.
- They can appear in focal, multifocal, or diffuse forms.
- Approximately 60% of venous malformations occur in the head and neck area.
Lymphatic Malformations
- Lymphatic malformations are categorized into two types:
- Macrocystic: featuring single or multiple cysts larger than 2 cm3
- Microcystic
Treatment of Low-Flow Malformations
- During the proliferative phase, the goal is to eradicate or stunt the growth of the malformation.
- Treatment options include:
- Benign neglect or watchful waiting with parental education and regular follow-up, particularly for non-life-threatening lesions.
- Diagnostic tools:
- Grey-scale ultrasound
- Doppler analysis: useful in determining whether the lesion is solid or cystic and in identifying the presence or absence of high-flow vessels.
Learn about capillary malformations, also known as venular malformations, and their composition in the dermis. This quiz covers the anatomy and characteristics of these malformations.
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