18 Questions
Match the following steps with their purposes in capillary blood collection:
STEP 1 = Increase arterial blood flow STEP 8 = Clean and air-dry the site STEP 11 = Fill and mix tubes STEP 15 = Check the site and apply bandage
Match the following techniques with their purposes in capillary blood collection:
Milking = Causes hemolysis Puncture the site = Collect blood sample Wipe the first drop of blood = Remove contaminated tissue fluids Elevate the incision site = Diminish blood flow
Match the following equipment with their uses in capillary blood collection:
Lancet = Make a puncture in the skin Gauze = Apply pressure to the incision site Antiseptics = Clean the site Bandage = Dress the wound
Match the following steps with their importance in capillary blood collection:
STEP 12 = Prevents platelet accumulation at the site of wound STEP 10 = Quick and deep puncture ensures accurate results STEP 9 = Preparation of equipment is crucial STEP 17 = Transporting specimen to the laboratory is critical
Match the following techniques with their effects on blood composition:
Milking = Alters blood composition Puncture the site = No effect on blood composition Wipe the first drop of blood = No effect on blood composition Elevate the incision site = No effect on blood composition
Match the following sites with their hold techniques in capillary blood collection:
Heel = Hold between thumb and index finger Finger = Hold between nondominant thumb and index finger Palmar surface = Face upward and point downward Arch = Not a puncture site
Match the following components of capillary blood specimen with their characteristics:
Arterial blood = Bright red, oxygenated Venous blood = Dark red, deoxygenated Interstitial fluid = Fills spaces around the cells Intracellular fluid = Facilitates fluid movement in membrane
Match the following situations with when capillary puncture is the method of choice:
Infants and children below 2 y/o = Primary choice Burned or scar patients = Alternative method Patients with thrombotic tendencies = Alternative method Patients requiring large blood volumes = Not recommended
Match the following blood tests with why capillary puncture is not recommended:
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate = Requires large amount of blood Blood cultures = Prone to bacterial contamination Coagulation tests = Requires specific blood-to-anticoagulant ratio Glucose testing = Can be used with capillary puncture
Match the following conditions with when capillary puncture is used in adults:
Inaccessible veins = Capillary puncture is used Fragile veins = Capillary puncture is used Apprehensive patients = Capillary puncture is used All patients = Not the primary method
Match the following characteristics with the type of blood sample:
Higher glucose levels = Capillary blood Lower glucose levels = Venous blood More arterial blood = Capillary blood More venous blood = Venous blood
Match the following medical conditions with why capillary puncture is used:
Obese patients = Difficult venous access Geriatric patients = Fragile veins Patients receiving chemotherapy = Fragile veins Diabetic patients = Home glucose monitoring
Match the following components with their typical levels in capillary blood:
Potassium = Lower than venous blood Total Protein = Lower than venous blood Calcium = Lower than venous blood Glucose = Higher than venous blood
Match the following types of lancets with their characteristics:
Sterile lancet = Intended for one-time use only Laser lancet = Produces a small hole in the skin by vaporizing water Reusable lancet = Can be used multiple times with proper sterilization Automatic lancet = Eliminates the risk of sharp injury
Match the following microsample containers with their capacities:
Microcollection tubes (Microtubes) = Up to 600 uL Capillary tubes (Microhematocrit tubes) = Approx. 50-75 uL Microscope slides = Up to 100 uL Warming devices = None of the above
Match the following capillary blood collection techniques with their purposes:
Laser lancet = Collects up to 100uL of blood Microhematocrit test = Determines blood's microhematocrit value Microscope slides = Used for blood films/smears for hematology/parasitology Warming devices = Increases blood flow by 7 folds
Match the following coagulation tests with their respective additives:
Plain capillary tube = Used with pre-collected EDTA blood Heparinized capillary tube = Used with Heparin as an anticoagulant Microcollection tubes = Used with additives for hematology/parasitology Microscope slides = Used with no additives for blood films/smears
Match the following additional supplies with their purposes:
Microscope slides = Used for blood films/smears for hematology/parasitology Warming devices = Increases blood flow by 7 folds Laser lancet = Collects up to 100uL of blood Microcollection tubes = Used to hold blood specimen up to 600 uL
Study Notes
Capillary Puncture Method
- Also known as Dermal Puncture method
- Uses a lancet to make a small incision into the capillary bed of the skin to obtain a small volume of blood specimen
- Method of choice for collecting blood from infants and children below 2 years old
- Used on adults and older children under certain circumstances:
- Burned or scar patients
- Patients receiving chemotherapy
- Patients with thrombotic tendencies
- Geriatric patients with fragile veins
- Patients with inaccessible veins
- Obese patients
- Apprehensive patients
- Patients requiring home glucose monitoring (POCT)
Contraindications
- Not recommended for:
- Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (requires large amount of blood)
- Blood cultures (capillary puncture is prone to bacterial contamination)
- Coagulation tests (needs blood-to-anticoagulant ratio; light blue top with 9:1 ratio)
Composition of Capillary Blood Specimen
- Comes from capillary, arterioles, and venules
- Composition:
- Arterial blood (more arterial blood than venous blood due to arterial pressure)
- Venous blood
- Interstitial fluid
- Intracellular fluid
- Concentration differences:
- Glucose: higher than venous blood
- Potassium, total Protein, and Calcium: lower than venous blood
Equipment
- Lancets: sterile, sharp instruments intended for one-time use only
- Laser Lancet: produces a small hole in the skin by vaporizing water, eliminating the risk of sharp injury
- Microsample Containers:
- Microcollection Tubes (Microtubes): small plastic tubes used to hold blood specimen (up to 600 uL)
- Capillary Tubes (Microhematocrit Tubes): small glass tubes used to collect capillary blood for microhematocrit test (approx. 50-75 uL)
- Additional Supplies:
- Microscope Slides: used for blood films/smear for hematology/parasitology determinations
- Warming Devices: used to warm the puncture site to increase blood flow by 7-fold
Procedure
- Clean and air-dry the site
- Prepare equipment
- Puncture the site (quick and deep)
- Incision depth: 2-2.5 mm
- Wipe the first drop of blood (contaminated with tissue fluids)
- Fill and mix tubes in the correct order
- Place gauze and apply pressure
- Label specimen and observe proper handling
- Check the site and apply bandage
- Dispose of used and contaminated materials
- Transport specimen to the laboratory
Causes of Hemolysis
- Hemolysis is more frequently encountered in capillary puncture than in venipuncture
- Milking (excessive squeezing of puncture site) can cause hemolysis
This quiz covers the different types of equipment used for capillary blood sampling, including lancets, laser lancets, and microsample containers. Learn about their features and how they are used to collect blood samples. Test your knowledge of these devices and their applications in medical settings.
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