Capacitors and Inductors Quiz

A passive circuit element that stores energy in an electric field.

The ratio of charge stored on one plate of a capacitor to the voltage difference between the plates.

Farad (F).

Two conducting plates separated by an insulator (dielectric).

C = εA/d (ε is permittivity, A is area, d is distance).

q = CV

Elements that store energy (unlike resistors that dissipate it).

Insulator material between capacitor plates.

Capacitors are classified based on their dielectric material and whether they are fixed or variable.

Capacitors typically have values ranging from picofarads (pF) to microfarads (µF).

Capacitance is influenced by the area of capacitor plates, the distance between them, and the material's permittivity.

The current through a capacitor is directly proportional to the rate of change of voltage across it, represented by the equation: i = C dv/dt.

A capacitor that obeys the linear current-voltage relationship (i = C dv/dt) is considered linear.

A capacitor that does not follow the linear current-voltage relationship (i = C dv/dt) is considered nonlinear.

The voltage across a capacitor is influenced by the history of current flowing through it. It's determined by the integral of past current over time.

The voltage across a capacitor at time t is calculated by: v = (1/C)∫(from t0 to t) i dt + v(t0).

The energy stored in a capacitor is directly proportional to the square of the voltage across it and the capacitance. It can also be calculated using the square of the charge and the capacitance.

A capacitor behaves as an open circuit to direct current (DC) in steady state. This means it blocks the flow of DC current.

The voltage across a capacitor cannot change instantaneously. It needs to change smoothly over time.

An ideal capacitor does not dissipate energy. It simply stores and releases the energy it accumulates.

The equivalent capacitance of capacitors connected in parallel is the sum of their individual capacitances.

The equivalent capacitance of capacitors connected in series is the reciprocal of the sum of the reciprocals of their individual capacitances.

An inductor is a passive element that stores energy in a magnetic field. It is the dual of a capacitor, which stores energy in an electric field.

Inductors are crucial for various electronic and power systems, playing a role in filtering, tuning, and controlling electrical signals.

A passive circuit element that stores energy in a magnetic field, typically made of a coil of wire.

The property of an inductor that opposes changes in current flow. Measured in Henrys (H).

The voltage across an inductor is directly proportional to the rate of change of current flowing through it: v(t) = L * di/dt.

The unit of inductance. 1 Henry equals 1 Volt-second per Ampere.

Inductance of a solenoid (coil) is determined by: Number of turns (N), Length (l), Cross-sectional area (A), and Permeability of the core (µ).

An inductor where the inductance (L) is constant and independent of the current flowing through it.

An inductor stores energy in its magnetic field, similar to how a capacitor stores energy in an electric field.

Inductors are used in power supplies, transformers, radios, TVs, radars, and electric motors to control and store energy.

An inductor acts like a short circuit when direct current (DC) flows through it. This means it offers very little resistance to the steady flow of DC.

An inductor resists changes in the current flowing through it. This means it opposes any sudden increase or decrease in current flow.

The equivalent inductance of inductors connected in series is the sum of their individual inductances. This means the total inductance increases as more inductors are added in series.

The equivalent inductance of inductors connected in parallel is the reciprocal of the sum of the reciprocals of their individual inductances. This means the total inductance decreases as more inductors are added in parallel.