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Questions and Answers
What are the two most common causes of adult-onset primary hypothyroidism in dogs?
What are the two most common causes of adult-onset primary hypothyroidism in dogs?
- Autoimmune thyroiditis and excessive activity of the adaptive immune system
- Lymphocytic thyroiditis and idiopathic atrophy of the thyroid gland (correct)
- Destruction of the thyroid gland and secondary fibrosis
- Low serum thyroid hormone concentrations and haircoat changes
What clinical features are used to diagnose hypothyroidism?
What clinical features are used to diagnose hypothyroidism?
- Weight loss and excessive thirst
- Lethargy and obesity (correct)
- High serum thyroid hormone concentrations and weight gain
- Haircoat changes and excessive activity
What is the most common species to develop hypothyroidism?
What is the most common species to develop hypothyroidism?
- Cats
- Horses
- Dogs (correct)
- Domestic animals
What characterizes lymphocytic thyroiditis?
What characterizes lymphocytic thyroiditis?
What is the recommended frequency for checking serum T4 (with or without T3) concentrations after the dosage is stabilized?
What is the recommended frequency for checking serum T4 (with or without T3) concentrations after the dosage is stabilized?
What are the clinical signs of hypothyroidism in animals?
What are the clinical signs of hypothyroidism in animals?
What is the preferred treatment for hypothyroidism in animals?
What is the preferred treatment for hypothyroidism in animals?
What is the most common cause of secondary hypothyroidism in dogs?
What is the most common cause of secondary hypothyroidism in dogs?
Which breed of dogs have been reported to have congenital secondary hypothyroidism associated with clinical signs of disproportionate dwarfism, lethargy, gait abnormalities, and constipation?
Which breed of dogs have been reported to have congenital secondary hypothyroidism associated with clinical signs of disproportionate dwarfism, lethargy, gait abnormalities, and constipation?
What is the most common form of hypothyroidism in cats?
What is the most common form of hypothyroidism in cats?
What is the recognized cause of congenital hypothyroidism in cats where the thyroid gland is unable to respond to TSH?
What is the recognized cause of congenital hypothyroidism in cats where the thyroid gland is unable to respond to TSH?
What may develop in association with a specific syndrome of neonatal foals characterized by thyroid gland hyperplasia and multiple congenital musculoskeletal anomalies?
What may develop in association with a specific syndrome of neonatal foals characterized by thyroid gland hyperplasia and multiple congenital musculoskeletal anomalies?
Which animals have hypothyroidism that is commonly misdiagnosed and may be related to feeding a high nitrate diet to pregnant mares?
Which animals have hypothyroidism that is commonly misdiagnosed and may be related to feeding a high nitrate diet to pregnant mares?
What is the age range in which hypothyroidism is most common in dogs?
What is the age range in which hypothyroidism is most common in dogs?
In which size range of dogs is hypothyroidism rare?
In which size range of dogs is hypothyroidism rare?
What is the main limitation of the TSH stimulation test for thyroid function in dogs?
What is the main limitation of the TSH stimulation test for thyroid function in dogs?
What is the recommended dose of human recombinant TSH for the TSH stimulation test in dogs?
What is the recommended dose of human recombinant TSH for the TSH stimulation test in dogs?
What is the purpose of using ultrasonography and scintigraphy in the diagnosis of hypothyroidism in dogs?
What is the purpose of using ultrasonography and scintigraphy in the diagnosis of hypothyroidism in dogs?
What is the most practical approach to confirming the diagnosis of hypothyroidism in some cases?
What is the most practical approach to confirming the diagnosis of hypothyroidism in some cases?
Why should every attempt be made to exclude nonthyroidal illness before starting a therapeutic trial for hypothyroidism?
Why should every attempt be made to exclude nonthyroidal illness before starting a therapeutic trial for hypothyroidism?
What is the recommended dosage of thyroxine supplementation for dogs with hypothyroidism?
What is the recommended dosage of thyroxine supplementation for dogs with hypothyroidism?
What should be done if response to thyroxine supplementation is positive in dogs with hypothyroidism?
What should be done if response to thyroxine supplementation is positive in dogs with hypothyroidism?
How can hypothyroidism be diagnosed in cats based on the text?
How can hypothyroidism be diagnosed in cats based on the text?
What can be detected in as many as half of dogs with hypothyroidism and is believed to reflect a state of autoimmune thyroiditis?
What can be detected in as many as half of dogs with hypothyroidism and is believed to reflect a state of autoimmune thyroiditis?
Why can measurement of antithyroglobulin antibody titers not be used alone to confirm a diagnosis of hypothyroidism?
Why can measurement of antithyroglobulin antibody titers not be used alone to confirm a diagnosis of hypothyroidism?
What are the earliest dermatologic changes in dogs with hypothyroidism?
What are the earliest dermatologic changes in dogs with hypothyroidism?
What is the classic behavior of a hypothyroid dog in terms of seeking heat?
What is the classic behavior of a hypothyroid dog in terms of seeking heat?
What is the purpose of identifying dogs with autoimmune thyroid disease based on circulating antithyroglobulin antibodies?
What is the purpose of identifying dogs with autoimmune thyroid disease based on circulating antithyroglobulin antibodies?
What is the role of serum thyroglobulin autoantibody determinations in diagnosing hypothyroidism?
What is the role of serum thyroglobulin autoantibody determinations in diagnosing hypothyroidism?
In about two-thirds of dogs with hypothyroidism, what kind of alopecia is usually observed?
In about two-thirds of dogs with hypothyroidism, what kind of alopecia is usually observed?
In dogs with moderate to severe hypothyroidism, what occurs in the skin as a secondary effect?
In dogs with moderate to severe hypothyroidism, what occurs in the skin as a secondary effect?
What is the extreme expression of severe hypothyroidism called?
What is the extreme expression of severe hypothyroidism called?
What are the prominent signs of congenital and juvenile-onset hypothyroidism?
What are the prominent signs of congenital and juvenile-onset hypothyroidism?
What leads to disproportionate dwarfism in primary congenital hypothyroidism?
What leads to disproportionate dwarfism in primary congenital hypothyroidism?
What are the primarily related clinical signs in dogs with congenital hypopituitarism (pituitary dwarfism)?
What are the primarily related clinical signs in dogs with congenital hypopituitarism (pituitary dwarfism)?
What clinical signs are associated with advanced or severe hypothyroidism in adult cats?
What clinical signs are associated with advanced or severe hypothyroidism in adult cats?
What are the typical clinical signs seen in young cats with congenital or juvenile-onset hypothyroidism?
What are the typical clinical signs seen in young cats with congenital or juvenile-onset hypothyroidism?
How is the diagnosis of hypothyroidism confirmed?
How is the diagnosis of hypothyroidism confirmed?
What is the classic hematologic finding associated with hypothyroidism?
What is the classic hematologic finding associated with hypothyroidism?
What is the most commonly performed static thyroid hormone measurement?
What is the most commonly performed static thyroid hormone measurement?
Which test has better accuracy than the analogue methods for differentiating euthyroid dogs from hypothyroid dogs?
Which test has better accuracy than the analogue methods for differentiating euthyroid dogs from hypothyroid dogs?
What is the classic serum biochemical abnormality associated with hypothyroidism?
What is the classic serum biochemical abnormality associated with hypothyroidism?
What is the value of serum cholesterol determination as a screening test for hypothyroidism?
What is the value of serum cholesterol determination as a screening test for hypothyroidism?
How can nonthyroidal illness affect basal T4 concentration in animals?
How can nonthyroidal illness affect basal T4 concentration in animals?
What is the most common type of hypothyroidism in dogs?
What is the most common type of hypothyroidism in dogs?
What percentage of dogs with confirmed hypothyroidism have their serum TSH concentrations remain within the reference range?
What percentage of dogs with confirmed hypothyroidism have their serum TSH concentrations remain within the reference range?
What is the classic finding in serum biochemical abnormalities in dogs with hypothyroidism?
What is the classic finding in serum biochemical abnormalities in dogs with hypothyroidism?
What do high endogenous TSH concentrations indicate in animals with primary hypothyroidism?
What do high endogenous TSH concentrations indicate in animals with primary hypothyroidism?
Which test can be a useful adjunctive test for hypothyroidism in dogs, cats, and horses?
Which test can be a useful adjunctive test for hypothyroidism in dogs, cats, and horses?
What can lead to low serum thyroid hormone measurements in euthyroid animals?
What can lead to low serum thyroid hormone measurements in euthyroid animals?
What is the recommended standard treatment for hypothyroidism in dogs and cats?
What is the recommended standard treatment for hypothyroidism in dogs and cats?
What is the effect of glucocorticoids on thyroid function tests in dogs?
What is the effect of glucocorticoids on thyroid function tests in dogs?
Which breed may have serum total T4 and free T4 concentrations considerably lower than those of most other breeds?
Which breed may have serum total T4 and free T4 concentrations considerably lower than those of most other breeds?
What is the term used to describe an illness not involving the thyroid gland but can alter thyroid function tests?
What is the term used to describe an illness not involving the thyroid gland but can alter thyroid function tests?
Which medication can induce overt primary hypothyroidism with clinical signs in dogs?
Which medication can induce overt primary hypothyroidism with clinical signs in dogs?
What happens to serum free T4 concentration in dogs with substantial nonthyroidal illness?
What happens to serum free T4 concentration in dogs with substantial nonthyroidal illness?
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