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What is the most likely diagnosis for a 55-year-old man with hypoechoic structures in the mediastinum testis and incidental epididymal cysts, with no Doppler flow?
In a case of an elderly woman with knee pain and MRI showing florid marrow edema in the medial femoral condyle, what is the most likely diagnosis?
When assessing MS lesions in the spinal cord, which segment is most commonly affected?
In the case of pyloric stenosis in a neonate, which US finding would not be consistent with the diagnosis?
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What is the most common cause of right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) obstruction in tetralogy of Fallot?
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Which of the following is least likely to be found in a case of mucinous cystadenocarcinoma?
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Which condition is characterized by cystic transformation of the rete testis?
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In diagnosing a child with exertional dyspnoea and abnormal chest X-ray showing a boot-shaped heart, which of the following conditions is most likely?
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What is the investigation of choice for a 17-year-old with an oval lucent lesion in the epiphysis of the distal femur following a football injury?
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Which option is NOT a potential cause of vitreous haemorrhage in the context of abnormal high density in the vitreous noted on CT?
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The findings of a median tubular cystic space with high-velocity turbulent flow on Doppler in a 1-month-old baby suggest the presence of what condition?
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What is the most common type of primary pericardial malignancy indicated by cytology showing malignant cells in a 66-year-old man?
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What does the MRI characterization of an 8-mm liver lesion reveal in terms of signal intensities?
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Which of the following conditions could result in cardiomegaly in a 1-month-old baby during examination?
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Which imaging modality would be inappropriate for assessing a bone lesion in a sports injury context for its neoplastic potential?
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Which statement regarding MRI imaging in chronic pancreatitis is incorrect?
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In the context of a positive cytology for malignant cells from pericardial fluid, which type of sarcoma is least likely to be involved?
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What is the most likely diagnosis for a midline fluid-filled cavity with mixed echogenicity adjacent to the bladder in a 60-year-old heavy smoker?
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Which of the following statements about bone islands (enostosis) is false?
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Which MRI feature is not associated with spinal cord lesions in multiple sclerosis?
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What is a characteristic feature of a focal low-attenuation enhancing mass associated with the bladder wall in a suspected urachal condition?
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When evaluating focal chronic pancreatitis via MRI, which of the following is true?
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Which characteristic is not associated with a bone island on imaging?
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What imaging finding would most likely indicate chronic pancreatitis rather than pancreatic carcinoma?
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Which imaging feature is NOT associated with a congenital pericardial defect?
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What does the mismatch between PWI and DWI volumes indicate?
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In a young child, which cystic structure is characterized by multiple septae and extension into the mediastinum?
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Which finding is the most specific for indicating gut malrotation in CT imaging?
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With the sudden onset of abdominal pain, which condition is most likely associated with the CT findings of large renal masses, especially in a patient with a cardiac tumor?
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Which imaging modality is primarily used to assess the infarct core?
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What is the typical observation in diffusion-weighted imaging due to T2 shine through?
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What does contrast extravasation into the retroperitoneum suggest in the context of renal masses found on CT?
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What is the most frequent finding early in the course of Candida oesophagitis?
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What type of cysts typically has thickened irregular walls and requires surgery due to the possibility of neoplasm?
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What kind of lesions are classified as 'totally intrarenal non enhancing high-attenuation renal lesions'?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Type 2F cysts?
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What complication can develop in Candida oesophagitis alongside erosions and ulcerations?
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Which type of cyst may contain hairline-thin septa and perceived enhancement?
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What visual finding might a radiologist observe during an esophagogram in advanced Candida oesophagitis?
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What is a common complication of untreated Type 3 cysts?
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Study Notes
Candida Oesophagitis
- Candida Oesophagitis commonly occurs in patients with altered normal gut flora due to broad spectrum antibiotics or immune suppression.
- May be found in patients with malignancies, receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy or with immunodeficiency states such as AIDS.
- Initial radiographic appearance may be normal.
- Early findings are mucosal plaques, later erosions and ulcerations may develop.
- Intramural haemorrhage and necrosis may result in shaggy margins on esophagograms.
Renal Cyst Classification
- Type 3 cysts have thickened irregular or smooth walls or septa that show measurable enhancement.
- Type 3 cysts require surgery in most cases as a neoplasm cannot be excluded.
- Type 2F cysts may contain multiple hairline-thin septa.
- Type 2F cysts show perceived (not measurable) enhancement of a hairline smooth septum or wall.
- Type 2F cysts may have minimal thickening of the wall or septa, which may contain calcification that may be thick and nodular.
- Type 2F cysts do not have enhancing soft-tissue components.
- Type 2F cysts are generally well-marginated and considered benign but require follow-up.
- Type 1 cysts are benign simple water attenuation cysts with a hairline-thin wall that does not contain septa, calcifications, or solid components and does not enhance.
- Type 2 cysts are benign cystic lesions that may contain a few hairline septa with perceived (not measurable) enhancement, fine calcification or a short segment of slightly thickened calcification may be present in the wall or septa.
Meningocoele
- Supratentorial abnormalities are common, including dysgenesis of the corpus callosum (>80%), obstructive hydrocephalus following closure of a meningocoele, absent septum pellucidum.
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Description
This quiz covers the details of Candida Oesophagitis, including its occurrence in immune-compromised patients and its radiographic findings. Additionally, it examines the classification of renal cysts, focusing on Type 2F and Type 3 cyst features and surgical implications. Test your knowledge on these important medical topics.
