Cancer Pharmacology Lecture

Which of the following characteristics is NOT a general feature of neoplastic cells?

Rapid uncontrolled cellular division
Expression of fetal surface antigens
Apparent abnormal immaturity
Normal cell differentiation (correct)

What is carcinogenesis?

The treatment of cancer
The diagnosis of cancer
The process of cancer development (correct)
The process of cancer cell death

What is the term for the spread of cancer cells to surrounding and distant tissues?

Carcinogenesis
Tumor lysis syndrome
Metastasis (correct)
Dedifferentiation

Why are chemotherapeutics considered high-alert medications?

Because they have severe side effects (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is tumor lysis syndrome?

A complication of cancer treatment (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of selecting chemotherapeutics based on individual tumor characteristics?

To target specific cancer cells (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment of choice for most solid tumors diagnosed in the early stages?

Surgery (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why is systemic chemotherapy used in patients with localized cancer?

Because systemic cancer cannot be treated using localized modalities (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of primary chemotherapy?

To relieve tumor-related symptoms and improve quality of life (B) Signup and view all the answers

When is neoadjuvant chemotherapy administered?

Before surgery and/or radiation (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of combining chemotherapy with radiotherapy followed by surgical resection?

To improve clinical outcomes (C) Signup and view all the answers

In which type of cancer is systemic chemotherapy often used as the primary treatment?

Leukemia (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a mutation in a proto-oncogene due to environmental factors?

A gain of function that continually stimulates cell proliferation (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of proteins encoded by tumor suppressor genes?

They inhibit cell growth and proliferation (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a benign tumor and a malignant tumor?

A benign tumor is not cancerous, while a malignant tumor is (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of neoplasm is derived from epithelial cells?

Carcinoma (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a mutation in a tumor suppressor gene?

A loss of function that leads to neoplastic transformation (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the abnormal growth of cells that can be either benign or malignant?

Neoplasm (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that contributes to the development of cancer?

Environmental exposure (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following viruses is associated with the development of hepatocellular cancer?

Hepatitis B & C (HBV and HCV) (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between age, environment, and genetic makeup in cancer susceptibility?

Complex interactions between age, environment, and genetic makeup determine cancer susceptibility (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a chemical carcinogen?

Vitamin C (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the association between ionizing radiation and cancer?

Ionizing radiation is associated with leukemia, thyroid, breast, lung, and skin cancers (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a mammalian model exploitable for imaging-based preclinical theragnostic research?

Chemically induced primary malignancies (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of cell populations that make up cancer?

They have distinct genetic and phenotypic profiles (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells are more sensitive to anticancer drugs?

Rapidly dividing cells (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the growth fraction of a tumor?

The fraction of tumor cells that are in the replicative cycle (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the mode of action of cell cycle-specific agents?

They kill only cells in a specific phase/s (S-, G2-, or M-phase) (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the kinetics of killing cancer cells by anticancer drugs?

Proportional first-order kinetics (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of radiation on cancer cells?

It kills a constant fraction of cells regardless of tumor burden (D) Signup and view all the answers