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Cancer Overview and Staging

Test your knowledge of cancer types, cell characteristics, and staging methods. This quiz covers breast cancer, colon cancer, urothelial cancer, and more. Learn about cancer cell multiplication, differentiation, and the TNM staging system.

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@naomii11
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Questions and Answers

What is a characteristic of cancer cells?

They multiply at a faster rate than normal cells.

What is the stage of cancer when the tumor is larger than 5 cm and has spread to 4-9 nodes?

Stage III

What does the TNM staging system classify cancer according to?

Tumor size, node involvement, and metastasis

What does the term 'in situ' mean in cancer staging?

<p>Cancer cells are only growing in the layer of cells where they started</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Stage 0 and Stage I cancer?

<p>Invasion of neighboring tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the TNM staging system?

<p>To classify cancer according to tumor size, node involvement, and metastasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of debulking in cancer treatment?

<p>To remove part of the tumor if it can’t be removed completely and alleviate symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of radiation therapy involves a radiation source coming into direct contact with the tumor?

<p>Internal Radiation (Brachytherapy)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of curative treatment in cancer?

<p>To remove all cancer tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential side effect of radiation therapy?

<p>Bone marrow suppression</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of prophylactic treatment in cancer?

<p>Preventing cancer development</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the radiation therapy that involves markings on the skin prior to delivery?

<p>External Beam Radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a colostomy?

<p>To allow passage of stool through the abdomen</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should the diet of a patient with a colostomy progress to liquid and then solid food?

<p>After 36 hours of surgery</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal color of a stoma after surgery?

<p>Dark red to pink</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF)?

<p>To stimulate the formation of blood vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Bristol Stool Chart used for?

<p>To classify the severity of constipation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of changing the colostomy bag when it is 1/3 to 1/2 full?

<p>To maintain skin integrity</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of colon cancer cases arise from polyps?

<p>Most of them</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of secondary prevention in colon cancer?

<p>To detect colon cancer early</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a risk factor for colon cancer?

<p>Heavy alcohol consumption</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a CT-guided colonoscopy in colon cancer screening?

<p>To visualize the colon and remove polyps</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the 'tumor marker' used in colon cancer screening?

<p>CEA</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of abdominal perineal (AP) resection surgery in colon cancer treatment?

<p>To remove the rectum, sigmoid colon, and anus</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of cancer cells that differentiates them from normal cells?

<p>They multiply at a faster rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the TNM staging system in cancer?

<p>To classify cancer according to tumor size, node involvement, and metastasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the stage of cancer when there is no evidence of invasion of neighboring tissue?

<p>Stage 0</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of a poorly differentiated cancer cell?

<p>It has an abnormal morphology</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of 'in situ' in cancer staging?

<p>Cancer cells are growing in the original place</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the stage of cancer when the tumor is larger than 2 cm and has spread to 1-3 nodes?

<p>Stage II</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of cancer cells that makes them more common in adults over the age of 60?

<p>They are more likely to occur in adults over the age of 60</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of surgery in cancer treatment?

<p>To remove the tumor and affected tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of reconstructive/restorative treatment in cancer?

<p>To increase function and enhance appearance</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of radiation dermatitis on the skin?

<p>It leads to red, itchy, and burns that can last for months</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of prophylactic treatment in cancer?

<p>To prevent cancer development</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of radiation therapy that involves a radiation source coming into direct contact with the tumor?

<p>Internal Radiation (Brachytherapy)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of radiation therapy on normal DNA?

<p>It increases the risk of second malignancies</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of palliative treatment in cancer?

<p>To provide symptom relief</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of radiation therapy on bone marrow?

<p>It reduces immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of cancer that may begin as noncancerous polyps?

<p>Colorectal cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common location of colon cancer?

<p>Rectosigmoid colon</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a risk factor for colon cancer?

<p>Smoking</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of CEA in colon cancer screening?

<p>As a tumor marker</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of a maroon-colored or black stool in colon cancer?

<p>It is a symptom of rectal bleeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a CT-guided colonoscopy in colon cancer screening?

<p>To visualize the colon and remove polyps</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of early detection of colon cancer?

<p>It can be cured</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a type of colon cancer surgery?

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT) in colon cancer screening?

<p>To detect hidden blood in the stool</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of VEGF?

<p>To stimulate the formation of blood vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the Bristol Stool Chart, what does Type 1 stool indicate?

<p>Severe constipation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be checked in a colostomy bag?

<p>For signs of leakage</p> Signup and view all the answers

When can a patient with a colostomy start eating liquid food?

<p>After 36 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ideal color of a stoma after surgery?

<p>Dark red to pink</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of chemotherapy in colon cancer treatment?

<p>To kill cancer cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

How often should a colostomy bag be changed?

<p>When it is 1/3 to 1/2 full</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of radiation therapy in colon cancer treatment?

<p>To kill cancer cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a VEGF inhibitor in cancer treatment?

<p>To inhibit the formation of blood vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the indication of a small amount of bleeding from the stoma after surgery?

<p>A normal response to surgery</p> Signup and view all the answers

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