34 Questions
What is a characteristic of cancer cells?
They multiply at a faster rate than normal cells.
What is the stage of cancer when it has metastasized to another area of the body?
Stage IV
What does the 'T' in the TNM staging system represent?
Tumor size
What is the purpose of the TNM staging system?
To classify cancer according to tumor size, node involvement, and metastasis
What is the term for cancer cells that are only growing in the layer of cells where they started?
In situ cancer
What is the main difference between Stage I and Stage II cancer?
Tumor size
What is the term for the degree of involvement and irregularity of nodes in the TNM staging system?
N1-N3
What is the primary goal of surgery in cancer treatment?
To remove the tumor
What percentage of colon cancers are located in the rectosigmoid colon?
2/3
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for colon cancer?
Regular exercise
What is the primary purpose of a fecal occult blood test (FOBT)?
To detect hidden blood in stool
What is the name of the tumor marker that can be elevated in colon cancer?
CEA
What is the most accurate screening test for colon cancer?
CT-guided Colonoscopy
What is the primary goal of debulking in cancer treatment?
To alleviate symptoms
Which type of radiation therapy involves the radiation source coming into direct contact with the tumor?
Internal Radiation (Brachytherapy)
What is the primary goal of tertiary prevention in colon cancer?
Removal of tumors and affected tissues
Which type of colon cancer surgery involves removal of the rectum, sigmoid colon, and anus?
Abdominal Perineal (AP) Resection
What is the name of the type of biopsy that is used to test suspicious lesions?
Excisional biopsy
What is the name of the genetic predisposition risk factor for colon cancer?
Family history
What is the term for the side effect of radiation therapy that causes red, itchy, and burns to the skin?
Radiation dermatitis
What is the main difference between external beam radiation and internal radiation?
The level of radiation exposure to others
What is the term for cancer that begins as noncancerous polyps in the colon or rectum?
Colon cancer
What is the purpose of markings on the skin prior to radiation therapy?
To align the radiation beams
What is the term for the side effect of radiation therapy that reduces immunity?
Bone marrow suppression
What is the primary purpose of a colostomy?
To create an opening to the surface of the abdomen to allow passage of stool
When does the stoma typically begin to function?
2-3 days after surgery
What is the ideal color of the stoma post-operatively?
Dark red to pink
What is the purpose of using adhesive on the skin during colostomy care?
To maintain skin integrity
What is the purpose of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) Inhibitor?
To inhibit the growth of cancer cells
What is the primary function of VEGF?
To stimulate the formation of blood vessels
What is the Bristol Stool Chart used for?
To classify stool types
What is the characteristic of Type 1 stool on the Bristol Stool Chart?
Separate hard lumps, like nuts
What is the purpose of radiation therapy in cancer treatment?
To kill cancer cells
When can a patient progress to solid food after colostomy surgery?
After 36 hours
Test your knowledge of cancer types, characteristics, and staging methods. This quiz covers breast cancer, colon cancer, urothelial cancer, and more, as well as the TNM staging system. Learn about cancer cell multiplication rates, differentiation, and morphology.
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