Cancer Diagnosis and Staging

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

What is a characteristic of benign tumors in terms of differentiation?

They are usually well-differentiated (correct)

They are usually moderately-differentiated

They are usually poorly-differentiated

They can show any level of differentiation

What is the term for a mass of disorganized indigenous tissue?

Leukemia

Nevus

Hamartoma (correct)

Choristoma

What does anaplasia indicate?

A tumor with both benign and malignant characteristics

A benign tumor

A malignant tumor (correct)

A well-differentiated tumor

What is the term for a heterotopic rest of cells?

Choristoma Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for how much tumor cells resemble their cells of origin?

Differentiation Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a malignant tumor that sounds benign?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a tumor that is composed of more than one neoplastic cell type derived from one germ cell layer?

Mixed tumor Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which normal cells become cancerous?

Malignant transformation Signup and view all the answers

What is the malignant counterpart of a fibroma?

Fibrosarcoma Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a benign tumor that arises from the epithelial lining of glands or ducts?

Adenoma Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the extent to which neoplastic cells resemble normal cells?

Differentiation Signup and view all the answers

What is the malignant counterpart of a lipoma?

Liposarcoma Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the process by which neoplastic cells invade surrounding tissues?

Local invasion Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the spread of cancer cells to distant parts of the body?

Distant metastases Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a tumor that arises from the tissue of hematopoietic cells?

Leukemia Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the loss of cellular differentiation?

Anaplasia Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a benign tumor that arises from the smooth muscle cells?

Leiomyoma Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of a very well differentiated neoplasm?

Neoplastic cells are identical to normal cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a malignant tumor that arises from the epithelial cells of the respiratory passages?

Bronchogenic carcinoma Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a benign tumor that arises from the endothelial and related tissues?

Hemangioma Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a benign neoplasm that resembles normal myometrial cells?

Leiomyoma Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the classification of neoplasms based on their degree of differentiation?

Spectrum of differentiation Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a malignant tumor that arises from the melanocytes?

Malignant melanoma Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a tumor that arises from the totipotent cells in the gonads or in embryonic rests?

Teratocarcinoma Signup and view all the answers

What does T1N1M0 signify in tumor staging?

Primary tumor is within the organ, has spread to local lymph nodes, no metastasis Signup and view all the answers

Which cancer has seen an increase in death rates for women due to more smokers?

Lung cancer Signup and view all the answers

Which environmental carcinogen is associated with cervical carcinoma?

HPV Signup and view all the answers

Which occupational carcinogen is linked to mesothelioma?

Asbestos Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cancer has had a decrease in death rates due to pap smears?

Cervical cancer Signup and view all the answers

How many new cases of cancer were there last year according to the text?

1.4 million Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cancer is most common in men?

Prostate cancer Signup and view all the answers

Which occupational carcinogen is associated with angiosarcoma and liver cancer?

Vinyl chloride Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated regarding cellular anaplasia in the text?

It is less marked in carcinoma than in sarcoma Signup and view all the answers

What determines differentiation according to the text?

Tumor cell arrangement Signup and view all the answers

What is true about cell cohesion in carcinoma?

It is typically absent and tumor cells occur singly. Signup and view all the answers

How do blood vessels in carcinomas compare to those in sarcomas?

They are more numerous and thin-walled. Signup and view all the answers

What description is given for hemorrhage, necrosis, and secondary changes in carcinomas?

They are common in carcinomas. Signup and view all the answers

Regarding distant spread, how do sarcomas typically behave?

They usually spread early through blood and rarely through lymphatics. Signup and view all the answers