Cancer Characteristics and Growth Factors

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What happens when two normal cells come into contact?

Cell death occurs

Cell division stops (correct)

Cell division accelerates

Cell growth becomes unregulated

How is a malignant cell characterized?

Uncontrolled multiplication (correct)

Crossing the basement membrane

Organized manner of growth

Division stops upon contact

What distinguishes a benign tumor from a malignant one?

Uncontrolled multiplication

Metastasizes to other organs

One layer of cells

Does not cross the basement membrane (correct)

What happens when growth factors are dysregulated?

Cancer formation Signup and view all the answers

Why is the dysregulation of growth factors significant in cancer development?

It leads to uncontrolled cell growth Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of cytotoxic compounds mentioned in the text?

They are usually DNA intercalators Signup and view all the answers

How are cytotoxic compounds usually synthesized according to the text?

From natural products Signup and view all the answers

Which type of compounds are commonly used as DNA intercalators?

Cytotoxic compounds Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of the synthesis of cytotoxic compounds?

Natural products Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic distinguishes cytotoxic compounds from other types of compounds?

Being DNA intercalators Signup and view all the answers

What is the main mechanism of action (MOA) of Bleomycin?

Inhibition of DNA synthesis Signup and view all the answers

Which organism is Bleomycin derived from?

Streptomyces verticillatus Signup and view all the answers

What is a notable adverse effect associated with Bleomycin?

Pulmonary fibrosis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following processes is NOT inhibited by Bleomycin?

Cell membrane formation Signup and view all the answers

What type of breaks can Bleomycin cause in DNA?

Both single-strand and double-strand breaks Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the p53 gene?

Act as a tumor suppressor Signup and view all the answers

Why is primary chemotherapy not considered curative in most cancer cases?

Most cancers are discovered in advanced stages Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the p53 gene is mutated?

It accelerates neoplastic phenotype Signup and view all the answers

In the context of cancer treatment, why is it important to detect cancers at an early stage?

To increase the chance of curative treatment success Signup and view all the answers

What role does p53 gene play in the cell cycle?

Removing deviant cells Signup and view all the answers

What may have high curative potential following surgical resection of the primary tumor?

Chemotherapy regimens with clinical activity against advanced disease Signup and view all the answers

What is crucial for chemotherapy regimens to have high curative potential after surgical resection?

Appropriate dose and schedule Signup and view all the answers

Which factor plays a significant role in determining the curative potential of chemotherapy regimens?

Clinical activity against advanced disease Signup and view all the answers

What could potentially lead to high curative potential in chemotherapy regimens?

Surgical resection of the primary tumor Signup and view all the answers

What is emphasized as essential for achieving curative outcomes with chemotherapy after surgery?

Administering the correct dose and schedule Signup and view all the answers