Cancer and Tumors Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is a common characteristic of benign tumors?

They grow rapidly and invade nearby tissues.

They often resemble the surrounding tissue. (correct)

Their cells differ significantly from surrounding cells.

They tend to metastasize to other organs.

What is a key risk factor for developing cancer in older adults?

A history of smoking. (correct)

Having a diet high in fruits and vegetables.

Being female.

Regular physical exercise.

Which of the following cancers is associated with older male adults?

Ovarian cancer.

Breast cancer.

Pancreatic cancer. (correct)

Colorectal cancer. (correct)

How does malignant tumor proliferation typically differ from benign tumor behavior?

Malignant tumors can quickly take over surrounding tissues. Signup and view all the answers

What impact does immunosuppression have on cancer incidence?

It increases the likelihood of developing cancer. Signup and view all the answers

Which population is the most likely to develop breast cancer?

Non-Hispanic white American females. Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the tests used for screening cancerous tumors?

Tumor markers testing. Signup and view all the answers

What is a defining characteristic of cancerous cells compared to normal cells?

They form new abnormal cells and blood vessels. Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is associated with an increased incidence of skin cancer?

Burn scars or other severe skin injuries. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cancer arises from mesenchymal tissue?

Sarcomas Signup and view all the answers

What potential effect can benign tumors have on health?

They can press on healthy organs and tissues. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor thought to trigger abnormal cell growth?

Consuming healthy diets Signup and view all the answers

Leukemias are cancers arising from which type of cells?

Blood-forming cells Signup and view all the answers

What is one consequence of cancer on the functional ability of tissues?

Decreased functional ability in affected tissues. Signup and view all the answers

Which cancer type is specifically associated with the immune system?

Lymphoma Signup and view all the answers

What kind of mutations can lead to cancer development?

Both inherited and external mutations Signup and view all the answers

Which action is crucial for immediate management in a client exhibiting signs of sepsis?

Obtaining blood cultures Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is NOT characteristic of the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)?

Decreased urine output Signup and view all the answers

What type of fluids are often administered to a client requiring resuscitation measures?

Crystalloid fluids Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following findings should be monitored in a client with suspected SIADH?

Increased urine specific gravity Signup and view all the answers

Which nursing action may be required if fluid administration proves insufficient?

Administer vasopressors Signup and view all the answers

Which dietary factor is commonly associated with an increased risk of cancer in adults?

High processed meat intake Signup and view all the answers

In preparing an in-service on cancer risk factors, which aspect related to gender should be emphasized?

Males have increased incidence in prostate and lung cancers Signup and view all the answers

Which type of preventive screening could be critical for middle-aged adults?

Regular mammography and colonoscopy Signup and view all the answers

At what age should a client begin annual mammograms?

Age 40 Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended frequency for Pap tests for clients aged 30 to 65?

Every 5 years Signup and view all the answers

When should a client begin having colonoscopies?

At age 50, then every 10 years Signup and view all the answers

What alternative can a client choose instead of a fecal occult blood test?

Stool DNA test every 3 years Signup and view all the answers

What is one benefit of using a food diary for clients with cancer-related malnutrition?

It helps in monitoring changes in eating habits Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using an oral anesthetic mouthwash before meals for cancer patients?

To ease the process of chewing and swallowing Signup and view all the answers

Which virus is associated with causing lymphoma and leukemia?

Epstein-Barr virus Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following cancers is associated with Helicobacter pylori infection?

Stomach cancer Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using dye or contrast during diagnostic imaging procedures?

To improve the clarity of the images and visualize tumors better. Signup and view all the answers

What should be verified before a client undergoes a diagnostic imaging procedure?

The signed informed consent form. Signup and view all the answers

During the recovery period after a procedure, what is essential for the healthcare provider to ensure?

Adequate oxygenation during the recovery period. Signup and view all the answers

Which imaging technique is NOT mentioned as a method for visualizing tumors?

Fluoroscopy Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential nursing action during a client’s procedure involving sedation?

Withholding oral intake until the client is fully alert. Signup and view all the answers

Which finding would increase suspicion of cancer and require further evaluation?

Unexplained weight loss. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of performing a sentinel lymph node biopsy?

To evaluate the presence of metastasis in the closest lymph nodes. Signup and view all the answers

What action should be taken if findings indicate potential cancer during diagnostic tests?

Conduct further evaluation and testing. Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended procedure for disposing of unused chemotherapy medications?

Return them to the dispensary Signup and view all the answers

What personal protective equipment is required for those handling chemotherapy medications?

Proper personal protective equipment Signup and view all the answers

Which route of administration is used for delivering intracicavity chemotherapy?

Directly into a body cavity Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended practice for dispensing oral chemotherapy medications?

Use a cup and avoid direct hand contact Signup and view all the answers

What should be done in case of extravasation during IV chemotherapy?

Notify the charge nurse for immediate treatment Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary benefit of intracavitary chemotherapy?

Prevention of systemic adverse effects Signup and view all the answers

How should IV infusions of chemotherapy be monitored?

Closely, with continuous observation for complications Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the antidote in chemotherapy administration?

To counteract specific medication effects Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

General Principles of Cancer

Cancer is a disease process involving abnormal cell growth and differentiation.
Normal cells grow, divide, and die in an orderly fashion; but cancerous cells grow, divide, and form new blood vessels to nourish their growth.
Genetic mutations are the cause of abnormal cancerous growth. These mutations can be inherited or caused by environmental factors.
Factors like viruses, physical agents, chemical agents, hormones, familial history, and lifestyle can trigger abnormal cell growth.
Cancer cells invade surrounding tissues and spread via lymph and blood vessels (metastasis).
Screening and early diagnosis are crucial for better health outcomes.
Certain ethnic groups have a higher risk of death from cancer than others, despite a sometimes lower risk for developing cancer.

Body Tissues

Cancerous cells can arise from any tissue.
These cells reduce the functional ability of the tissue they invade.
Carcinomas form in epithelial tissue.
Adenocarcinomas from in glandular organs.
Sarcomas form in mesenchymal tissue.
Leukemias from from blood-forming cells.
Lymphomas arise from lymph tissue.
Myelomas come from plasma cells.

Health Promotion and Disease Prevention

Healthy diet (low-fat, increased fruits and vegetables, lean protein) is important. Limit intake of sugar, salt, nitrates, nitrites, processed and red meats.
Maintain a healthy weight and avoid tobacco.
Limit alcohol consumption to one drink per day for females and two for males.
Avoid risky lifestyle choices (drugs, needle sharing, unprotected sex).
Avoid environmental hazards (radiation, chemicals). Wear protective equipment when necessary.
Regular physical activity is recommended.
Protect skin from UV rays.
Consider removal of at-risk tissue such as moles, to prevent potential skin cancer.
Chemoprevention (medications to disrupt cancer development) helps.
For example, aspirin and celecoxib can reduce the risk of colon cancer; vitamin D and tamoxifen for breast cancer risk; vaccination for HPV, and hepatitis B.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the characteristics and risks associated with various types of tumors and cancers. This quiz covers key factors related to benign and malignant tumors, their impacts on health, and common screening methods. Perfect for students and health enthusiasts alike!