Canadian History 1800s Quiz

The period between 1850 and 1896 during which Canada underwent significant economic and social transformations, marked by the introduction of machinery in production and the rise of industrial capitalism.

The replacement of human labor with machines in production, leading to increased production speed and efficiency.

An economic system where individuals and businesses compete freely in the marketplace to generate profits.

The shift of population from rural areas to urban centers, often due to economic opportunities in cities.

A set of economic policies implemented by the Canadian government in 1879 to address economic challenges and promote national development.

The Act of Union united Upper and Lower Canada, forming the Province of Canada later known as United Canada. A single legislative assembly was created with 42 members from each region. English was the official language, though French was allowed in debates.

The Act of Union combined the debts of both Upper and Lower Canada, even though Lower Canada's debts were less.

In 1851, a law created reserves—land allocated to Indigenous peoples and managed by the Canadian government. This encouraged settling in one place to focus on farming rather than nomadic lifestyles, facilitating colonization.

In 1840, reformers Baldwin and Lafontaine formed a political alliance to achieve a responsible government.

Responsible government was achieved in 1848, improving the economy. The French supported the English in their proposal, but the English responded negatively by burning down the Montreal Parliament building in 1849.

Preferential tariffs aimed to protect Canadian products from foreign competition, increasing timber and wheat exports to London.

In 1846, preferential tariffs were abolished giving way to free trade in 1847. The removal of these tariffs hurt timber and wheat exports.

A free trade agreement between British North American Colonies and the United States, signed in 1854. This aimed to address the issues resulting from the abolished tariffs.

A type of nationalism that emphasizes traditional values, rural life, and often religious faith, seen in French Canada's opposition to involvement in the Boer War.

The war between the Boers (Dutch descendants) and the British Empire in South Africa over control of Boer territories rich in gold.

This Canadian Prime Minister attempted to balance French-Canadian nationalist opposition to involvement in the Boer War with British Imperialist pressure for support.

A proposal by Laurier to establish a Canadian Navy, intended to address British pressure for Canadian military support and appease French-Canadian nationalist concerns.

This group favored Canada's direct financial assistance to the British Empire for defense.

The offspring of Native women and French men, living in the West-Rupert's.

The pope's authority is absolute. The Catholic Church should be involved in all aspects of society: education, health, religion, and politics.

The belief that French Canadians are a distinct nation within Canada and should have greater autonomy to protect their language and religious rights.

The sense of belonging to one Canadian nation, regardless of language or origin, emphasizing unity between French and English Canadians.

The leader of the Métis during the Red River Rebellion (1869) and the North West Rebellion (1885). He was tried and hanged for treason.

The dominant agricultural sector at the end of the 19th century, benefiting from mechanization and diversifying products like milk, butter, cheese, and cream.