American Civil War and Canadian History Quiz

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What was the primary reason for the division between the North and the South during the Civil War?

Cultural differences between the regions

Territorial expansion in the South

Economic disparity between regions

Opposition to slavery in the North (correct)

Which city was chosen as the capital of the Province of Canada in 1857?

Ottawa (correct)

Montreal

Quebec City

Toronto

Manifest Destiny referred to which belief held by Americans in the 19th century?

The necessity of maintaining peace with Native tribes

A duty to establish democracy in Europe

The right to redistribute land to Native Americans

A belief in US expansion across North America (correct)

What major factor contributed to the debates over selecting a capital city in Canada?

Location, safety, and convenience Signup and view all the answers

In what year did the North approach victory in the Civil War?

1864 Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the key motivations behind the Confederacy's desire to maintain slavery?

Labor for agricultural production Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the political parties emerging in Canada is correct?

Four main political parties emerged during this period. Signup and view all the answers

What role did Queen Victoria play in the history of Canadian governance?

She chose Ottawa as the capital city. Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the Fenians in their rebellion against British rule?

To gain independence for Ireland through armed rebellion Signup and view all the answers

Which significant event was directly related to the murder of D'Arcy McGee?

The Fenians' failed invasion of Canada East Signup and view all the answers

What perspective did the Fenians hold regarding D'Arcy McGee?

He was a traitor for opposing their violence Signup and view all the answers

What consequence did the actions of the Fenians have on BNA's political landscape?

It prompted discussions about confederation for defense Signup and view all the answers

What was the public outcome of Patrick Whelan's trial for the murder of D'Arcy McGee?

He was publicly hanged Signup and view all the answers

What did the Fenians hope to achieve by committing acts of violence in BNA?

To provoke a revolution for Irish independence Signup and view all the answers

Which phrase best describes the motto of the Fenians?

Let every man have his own country Signup and view all the answers

What was a critical factor in the Fenians' decision to retreat during their invasion attempt in Canada East?

Arrival of British troops Signup and view all the answers

How did D'Arcy McGee's views contribute to his opposition against the Fenians?

He believed in peaceful negotiation rather than violence Signup and view all the answers

What was a primary goal of the Provisional Government established by the Metis during the Red River Resistance?

To achieve a Metis province within Canada Signup and view all the answers

Which major event did Louis Riel respond to with the National Committee of the Metis of Red River?

The surveyor's arrival in Red River Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the consequences of the execution of Thomas Scott for Louis Riel?

He was forced into hiding in the United States Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the Canadian government's view towards the Metis at the time of the Red River Resistance?

They saw the Metis as an obstacle to land acquisition Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant outcome of the London Conference for Canada in December 1866?

Canada became Britain's first self-governing Dominion Signup and view all the answers

What did the Metis List of Rights demand regarding bilingualism?

French and English must be used in courts and public documents. Signup and view all the answers

What financial transaction took place involving Rupert's Land in 1869?

Canada purchased Rupert's Land from the HBC for $1.5 million. Signup and view all the answers

How did the Canadian government initially respond to Riel's efforts during the Red River Resistance?

They ignored his requests for rights. Signup and view all the answers

What role did Thomas Scott play in the Red River Resistance?

He was a settler vocal against the Metis government. Signup and view all the answers

Which act officially created the Dominion of Canada?

The British North America Act Signup and view all the answers

What disagreement arose between Riel and McDougall regarding the land in Red River?

McDougall claimed the land without Metis consent. Signup and view all the answers

What was Louis Riel's background before returning to Red River?

He studied in Quebec and was of French Canadian descent. Signup and view all the answers

Which consequence resulted from Riel's portrayal as a traitor?

He became seen as a villain and had to flee. Signup and view all the answers

What characterized the relationship between the Metis and settlers during the Red River Resistance?

Increasing tensions and conflicts over land. Signup and view all the answers

How did Riel's government treat Thomas Scott during his trial?

The trial was conducted solely in French without his representation. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

British North America Political Figures and Deadlock

The BNA government hierarchy had the Crown (king/queen) at the top followed by the Governor, Executive Council, Legislative Assembly, and finally eligible voters (property-owning males over 21).
The Governor reported to the crown.
The Executive Council passed laws.
The Legislative Assembly proposed and created laws.
British had the most power.

Canada East vs Canada West

Canada East: Primarily French and Catholic, focused on culture and religion.
Canada West: Primarily English and Protestant, focused on trade and transportation.
Both had the same number of seats, which caused conflict.

Industrialization in Canada

Montreal (CAN East) was the first to industrialize due to its river access.
Factories were built near water to power steam engines.
The three main industries were food (grains, bread, meat), textiles, and footwear.
Canada West also industrialized but lacked reliable transportation.
Mineral extraction (Canadian Shield) was also significant.
Industrial production in Quebec and Ontario was higher than the Maritimes.

British Columbia (BC)

BC was owned by Hudson's Bay Co.
BNA government had no control over BC.
BC's main export was fur.
Lumber was the only industry allowed in BC until 1880.

Definitions

Hierarchy: A system where people or groups are ranked.
Appointed: Chosen by a governing body for a position.
Elected: Chosen by vote to a position.
Political Deadlock: No agreement in government over a law.
Economy: Money and resources of a country.
Industrialization: Transition from rural to urban.
Capitalism: Private ownership of businesses.
Capitalists: People who built and owned businesses.

Questions on the Test

Majority population in BNA in the 1850s.
Census: definition, purpose, and data collected.
Two reasons for increased diversity in Canada.
Definitions of terms.
Whether the Canadian government was a true democracy.
Main industries of Canada East, Islands, and Canada West.
What were the main industries of Canada East, Islands, Canada West.

5 Main Reasons for Confederation

Economy (trade).
Transportation.
Defence.
Tensions in the US.
Political issues within Canada.

Trade in BNA

Main issue: Transportation (lack of reliable goods transport), growing population.
External trade: Business owners held significant power and influence decisions.
Trade with Britain: Details of trade with Britain were not included.

Free Trade

Britain was the most productive country in 1860.
All British goods were tariff and tax free.
Canada struggled to compete in free trade.
Negative impact on economy like goods becoming too expensive, and factories closing.

Transportation in BNA

Natural issues: Lots of lakes/mountains.
Grand Trunk Railway (GTR) challenges.

Water Issues

Rivers and waterways froze.
Some rivers dried up.

Cartier and Galt

They were the owners of the GTR.
Trains and transportation were privately owned companies.
Goal to expand the railway.

Defence Issues in BNA

British pulled troops out of BNA due to costs and other conflicts.

The Crimean War

War between Russia and Britain.
A lot of casualties due to poor fighting tactics (thin red line vs).

The Fenians

Irish organization that rebelled in an attempt to gain independence from Britain.
Motivated by Irish Nationalism.
Encouraged violent revolution.
Hatred of British in Great Migration
Formed Local groups in the US.

The Murder of D'Arcy McGee

An important Irish Catholic politician.
Believed in uniting the colonies.
Opposed Fenians.
Killed in Ottawa.
Assassin was connected to The Fenians.

Fenians as Freedom Fighters or Terrorists ? A Historical Analysis

British stole Irish land and Fenians wanted independence.
Fenians wanted their own country.
McGee was a traitor
Used violence.

Tensions in The USA

The US was experiencing a Civil War.
Divided into the North (Union) and the South (Confederacy).
Dispute over slavery.
Manifest Destiny: Belief the US had a right to take over North America.

Political Issues in the Canada's

The question of capital: The debate over what city would be the location of the Capital.
British United Upper and Lower Canada.

Representation

Four political parties emerged.
Equal Representation: Colonies have the same number of seats.
Representation by Population: Number of elected representatives determined by population size.
Political leaders information.

The Great Coalition of 1864

An alliance between Macdonald, Brown, and Cartier.
Main goal was Canadian Confederation.

The Charlottetown Conference #1

Maritime colonies (PEI, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia) wanted to unite.
Held in Charlottetown, PEI.

The Quebec Conference #2

All colonies (Maritime, Canadas) were present.
Held in Quebec City.
1. Aim was to create the details for Confederation.

Specific Roles

Different levels of government had responsibilities in certain areas.
Federal government responsibilities.
Provincial and other roles as well.

The British North America Act

Passed by the British Parliament.
Officially created the Dominion of Canada.
Came into effect on July 1, 1867.
Quebec Resolutions were made into official laws.

Unit 4: The Early Years of Confederation

Rise of the Metis Nation
Western Prairies: Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and Alberta were not part of Canada yet.

The Metis - Who Were They?

Indigenous peoples of mixed heritage.
Value in the land inhabited by First Nations community.

The Rise of Louis Riel

Educated, religious, public speaker.
Wanted Metis province.

The Red River Resistance

Metis resistance to land surveys and Canadian government policies.
Goal was to stop land surveys.

Provisional Government

Temporary government.
Goals were to work with Canadian government and produce the Metis List of Rights.

The Metis List of Rights

Terms of unity for the Metis.
The judge and lieutenant governor were to be bilingual.
French and English needed.

Thomas Scott

Was one of the first Canadian settlers from Ontario in Red River in 1863.
Opposition to Catholic and Metis communities.
Viewed as a threat.
Arrested by Louis Riel.
Murdered by firing squad due to his views.

Consequences for Riel

Riel became a criminal.
He fled to the United States.

Consequences for Metis

Metis' traditional ways of life were harmed.
Metis lost traditional ways.

Westward Expansion

Canada's main goal was to expand and settle.

BC joining Canada

Conditions for joining Canada: Completion of a rail line.
Macdonald offered support.
Issues and problems associated with the process for the project's completion.

All Definitions

Hierarchy: A system where people or groups are ranked by authority.
Appointed: A person chosen, usually by a board or council, to fill a position.
Elected: People chosen by vote to fill a position.
Political Deadlock: A time when no agreement can be made on a law.
Economy: The system of using and making money.
Industrialization: Community (rural to city) and building of an economy through manufacturing.
Capitalism: Ownership and production of goods and services for profit.
Capitalists: People who own and run businesses.

Exam Questions

Crimean War's impact on Confederation.
Riel's role—hero or villain?
Fenians—freedom fighters or terrorists?

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Test your knowledge on the pivotal events and beliefs that shaped the American Civil War and Canadian governance in the 19th century. This quiz covers key motivations for conflict, political developments, and important figures like Queen Victoria. Challenge yourself and explore the significant historical moments of this era.