Podcast
Questions and Answers
What makes fentanyl particularly dangerous?
What makes fentanyl particularly dangerous?
- It is less potent than morphine
- It has a strong odor and taste
- It is 20 to 40 times more potent than heroin (correct)
- It is detectable by sniffer dogs easily
How much pure fentanyl is needed to kill an average adult?
How much pure fentanyl is needed to kill an average adult?
- A tablespoon
- A gallon
- A cup
- A few grains of salt (correct)
What danger stems from fentanyl being odorless and tasteless?
What danger stems from fentanyl being odorless and tasteless?
- It causes addiction instantly
- It is less harmful than other narcotics
- It can be mixed with other drugs without detection (correct)
- It can easily be detected by sniffer dogs
What was the outcome of the high-level meeting of the North American Dialogue on Drug Policy in 2018?
What was the outcome of the high-level meeting of the North American Dialogue on Drug Policy in 2018?
What does 'Drug/Substance Produce' include according to the text?
What does 'Drug/Substance Produce' include according to the text?
What is the maximum penalty for Drug/Substance Produce under Schedule I?
What is the maximum penalty for Drug/Substance Produce under Schedule I?
Under what circumstances can possession of proceeds be penalized?
Under what circumstances can possession of proceeds be penalized?
What factor will be considered in sentencing for C.D.S.A. and Cannabis Act convictions if the individual used violence?
What factor will be considered in sentencing for C.D.S.A. and Cannabis Act convictions if the individual used violence?
How much dried cannabis can be legally possessed in public according to the Cannabis Act?
How much dried cannabis can be legally possessed in public according to the Cannabis Act?
Which action is illegal concerning cannabis products according to Canadian law?
Which action is illegal concerning cannabis products according to Canadian law?
What is the main purpose of Public Safety Canada hosting the Law Enforcement Roundtable on Drugs?
What is the main purpose of Public Safety Canada hosting the Law Enforcement Roundtable on Drugs?
According to Section 8 of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms, what right does everyone have?
According to Section 8 of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms, what right does everyone have?
Under Section 9 of the Charter, what is everyone entitled to?
Under Section 9 of the Charter, what is everyone entitled to?
What is the principle of stare decisis?
What is the principle of stare decisis?
Which court decisions are binding on all other Canadian courts?
Which court decisions are binding on all other Canadian courts?
What substances are commonly thought of as the most 'dangerous' and are listed under Schedule I of the CDSA?
What substances are commonly thought of as the most 'dangerous' and are listed under Schedule I of the CDSA?
'Spice' synthetic cannabinoids are listed under which schedule of the CDSA?
'Spice' synthetic cannabinoids are listed under which schedule of the CDSA?
'LSD, psilocybin, and mescaline are listed under which schedule of the CDSA?'
'LSD, psilocybin, and mescaline are listed under which schedule of the CDSA?'
What is the punishment for an individual who possesses cannabis for the purpose of selling it, as per the text?
What is the punishment for an individual who possesses cannabis for the purpose of selling it, as per the text?
What is the punishment for an organization that contravenes the regulations related to exporting cannabis?
What is the punishment for an organization that contravenes the regulations related to exporting cannabis?
What offense does a person commit if possessing cannabis for the purpose of exporting it without authorization?
What offense does a person commit if possessing cannabis for the purpose of exporting it without authorization?
What is the punishment for an individual who contravenes subsection (1) or (2) as mentioned in the text?
What is the punishment for an individual who contravenes subsection (1) or (2) as mentioned in the text?
What Schedule lists specific amounts of cannabis resin and cannabis (marijuana) with reference to possession and trafficking offenses?
What Schedule lists specific amounts of cannabis resin and cannabis (marijuana) with reference to possession and trafficking offenses?
Which section of the text relates to the offense of 'Double Doctoring'?
Which section of the text relates to the offense of 'Double Doctoring'?
What is required to prove the offense of 'possession' under Section 4(1)?
What is required to prove the offense of 'possession' under Section 4(1)?
Under which section does the offense of 'trafficking' fall?
Under which section does the offense of 'trafficking' fall?
Which section prohibits the import or export of substances into or from Canada?
Which section prohibits the import or export of substances into or from Canada?
What is required to prove 'possession for the purpose of trafficking' under Section 5(2)?
What is required to prove 'possession for the purpose of trafficking' under Section 5(2)?
What are the penalties for offenses related to substances included in Schedule IV?
What are the penalties for offenses related to substances included in Schedule IV?
'Production of Substances' is prohibited under which section?
'Production of Substances' is prohibited under which section?
'Dual procedure offense' penalties apply to which type of substances?
'Dual procedure offense' penalties apply to which type of substances?
'Double Doctoring' as per Section 4(2) involves seeking substances without disclosing details from a practitioner within how many days prior?
'Double Doctoring' as per Section 4(2) involves seeking substances without disclosing details from a practitioner within how many days prior?
Which section deals with 'Importing and Exporting' offenses?
Which section deals with 'Importing and Exporting' offenses?
What is necessary to prove the offense of 'Production of Substances' according to Section 7(1)?
What is necessary to prove the offense of 'Production of Substances' according to Section 7(1)?
Which drug category decreases alertness, awareness, and blood pressure?
Which drug category decreases alertness, awareness, and blood pressure?
How is crack cocaine typically produced?
How is crack cocaine typically produced?
Which substance is commonly used in magic mushrooms and converted into the psychoactive psilocin in the body?
Which substance is commonly used in magic mushrooms and converted into the psychoactive psilocin in the body?
Which drug is known for increasing alertness, awareness, and blood pressure?
Which drug is known for increasing alertness, awareness, and blood pressure?
What is the primary ingredient used in the production of crystal meth?
What is the primary ingredient used in the production of crystal meth?
How does LSD, a hallucinogenic drug, derive its psychoactive elements?
How does LSD, a hallucinogenic drug, derive its psychoactive elements?
What is the penalty for a young person who possesses cannabis in a public place equivalent to more than 5g of dried cannabis?
What is the penalty for a young person who possesses cannabis in a public place equivalent to more than 5g of dried cannabis?
What is the penalty for an individual who distributes cannabis to an individual under 18 years of age?
What is the penalty for an individual who distributes cannabis to an individual under 18 years of age?
What is the penalty for an organization that distributes cannabis?
What is the penalty for an organization that distributes cannabis?
What is prohibited for an individual who is 18 years of age or older regarding the possession of cannabis in a public place?
What is prohibited for an individual who is 18 years of age or older regarding the possession of cannabis in a public place?
What is the potential punishment for an individual who possesses cannabis for the purpose of distributing it?
What is the potential punishment for an individual who possesses cannabis for the purpose of distributing it?
What penalty does an individual face for contravening possession laws (1)(a)(ii)?
What penalty does an individual face for contravening possession laws (1)(a)(ii)?
What punishment does an individual face for contravening distribution laws (1)(a)(iii)?
What punishment does an individual face for contravening distribution laws (1)(a)(iii)?
What is prohibited regarding distribution to an organization?
What is prohibited regarding distribution to an organization?
'Possession for purpose of distributing' contravention leads to what type of offense?
'Possession for purpose of distributing' contravention leads to what type of offense?
'Possession for purpose of distributing' contravention leads to what type of offense?
'Possession for purpose of distributing' contravention leads to what type of offense?
What is the penalty for possessing more than four cannabis plants that are not budding or flowering in a public place?
What is the penalty for possessing more than four cannabis plants that are not budding or flowering in a public place?
What is the consequence for individuals who are 18 years or older and cultivate more than four cannabis plants at any one time in their dwelling-house?
What is the consequence for individuals who are 18 years or older and cultivate more than four cannabis plants at any one time in their dwelling-house?
In what circumstance can a peace officer commence proceedings under Section 51(1) against an individual who is 18 years or older?
In what circumstance can a peace officer commence proceedings under Section 51(1) against an individual who is 18 years or older?
What can a justice do upon being satisfied that there are reasonable grounds to believe contraventions related to cannabis in a place?
What can a justice do upon being satisfied that there are reasonable grounds to believe contraventions related to cannabis in a place?
What is the punishment for someone convicted of an offense described in a ticket under Section 53(1)?
What is the punishment for someone convicted of an offense described in a ticket under Section 53(1)?
Who is prohibited from cultivating, propagating, or harvesting any living thing other than a cannabis plant?
Who is prohibited from cultivating, propagating, or harvesting any living thing other than a cannabis plant?
What is the consequence for being convicted of an offense described in certain paragraphs under Section 53(1)?
What is the consequence for being convicted of an offense described in certain paragraphs under Section 53(1)?
What is the punishment for altering the chemical or physical properties of cannabis by an organic solvent?
What is the punishment for altering the chemical or physical properties of cannabis by an organic solvent?
Under Section 87(1), what grounds must a justice be satisfied with to issue a search warrant?
Under Section 87(1), what grounds must a justice be satisfied with to issue a search warrant?
What is the consequence for an individual pleading guilty and being convicted of an offense described in the ticket under Section 53(1)?
What is the consequence for an individual pleading guilty and being convicted of an offense described in the ticket under Section 53(1)?
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Study Notes
Fentanyl and its Dangers
- Fentanyl is highly potent; even a small amount can be lethal.
- An average adult can be killed by as little as 2 milligrams of pure fentanyl.
- Its odorless and tasteless nature makes accidental ingestion more likely, posing a serious risk.
North American Drug Policy
- The 2018 high-level meeting of the North American Dialogue on Drug Policy culminated in commitments to enhance cooperation on drug-related responses.
Drug/Substance Produce and Legal Implications
- 'Drug/Substance Produce' includes the cultivation or production of controlled substances.
- The maximum penalty for Drug/Substance Produce under Schedule I can be drastic, reflecting the severity of such offenses.
Possession and Sentencing in Drug-Related Cases
- Possession of proceeds from drug activity can be penalized if it is suspected to be gained from illegal activities.
- Sentencing for C.D.S.A. and Cannabis Act convictions will consider any violence used during the offense.
Cannabis Regulations and Possession Limits
- Under the Cannabis Act, individuals can legally possess up to 30 grams of dried cannabis in public.
- Illegal activities include selling cannabis products without proper licensing or regulations.
Rights and Legal Principles
- Section 8 of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms guarantees the right to be free from unreasonable search or seizure.
- Section 9 entitles everyone to not be arbitrarily detained or imprisoned.
- The principle of stare decisis ensures that court decisions are binding on lower courts.
Dangerous Substances and Drug Classification
- Substances classified as most dangerous under Schedule I include opioids and certain stimulants.
- 'Spice' synthetic cannabinoids fall under Schedule III, while LSD, psilocybin, and mescaline are categorized under Schedule III as well.
Offenses and Penalties Related to Cannabis
- Possession of cannabis for the purpose of selling it can result in significant legal penalties.
- Organizations violating cannabis export regulations face severe repercussions.
- Unauthorized exporting of cannabis leads to criminal offenses.
Drug Production and Trafficking Offenses
- 'Production of Substances' is prohibited under specific sections, focusing on the illegal creation of controlled substances.
- Proving 'possession for the purpose of trafficking' requires substantial evidence of intent to distribute.
Specific Drug Effects and Production Details
- Depressants decrease alertness and awareness; crack cocaine is derived from powder cocaine by adding a solvent.
- Psilocybin, found in magic mushrooms, is metabolized into psilocin, a psychoactive compound.
- Crystal meth is primarily produced using pseudoephedrine as the main ingredient.
Cannabis Possession Penalties for Young Individuals
- Young individuals possessing more than 5 grams of dried cannabis in public can face penalties.
- Distributing cannabis to individuals under 18 carries legal consequences.
Distribution Regulations and Restrictions
- Individuals over 18 are restricted from distributing cannabis products without compliance with existing laws.
- Possession for distribution contraventions leads to criminal offenses.
Consequences of Cannabis Cultivation Violations
- Penalties apply for cultivating more than four cannabis plants that are not in a flowering state.
- Peace officers may initiate proceedings against individuals violating cultivation limits.
Judicial Powers and Search Warrants
- A justice can issue a search warrant if there's reasonable grounds to suspect contraventions related to cannabis.
- Consequences for those convicted of specified offenses may involve fines and other judicial penalties.
Chemical Alteration of Cannabis
- Altering the chemical properties of cannabis using solvents is prohibited and carries specific penalties.
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