Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a key characteristic of the social insurance model of healthcare funding?
What is a key characteristic of the social insurance model of healthcare funding?
In which countries can citizens choose from multiple insurance providers under the social insurance model?
In which countries can citizens choose from multiple insurance providers under the social insurance model?
Which healthcare funding method is used in Canada for hospital and physician services?
Which healthcare funding method is used in Canada for hospital and physician services?
What type of insurance is mentioned as often funded through social insurance in Canada?
What type of insurance is mentioned as often funded through social insurance in Canada?
Signup and view all the answers
Which aspect of the public health agency is primarily focused on disease prevention?
Which aspect of the public health agency is primarily focused on disease prevention?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a common equity issue in the United States regarding healthcare?
What is a common equity issue in the United States regarding healthcare?
Signup and view all the answers
What role does the chief public health officer play in Canada?
What role does the chief public health officer play in Canada?
Signup and view all the answers
What funding sources are listed for healthcare services aside from general taxes in Canada?
What funding sources are listed for healthcare services aside from general taxes in Canada?
Signup and view all the answers
Which principle ensures that health insurance must cover all medically necessary services?
Which principle ensures that health insurance must cover all medically necessary services?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary role of the federal government regarding healthcare in provinces and territories?
What is the primary role of the federal government regarding healthcare in provinces and territories?
Signup and view all the answers
Which principle requires that the healthcare plan must ensure that all insured persons have reasonable access to necessary services?
Which principle requires that the healthcare plan must ensure that all insured persons have reasonable access to necessary services?
Signup and view all the answers
What principle allows insured persons to transfer their insurance when moving to another province or territory?
What principle allows insured persons to transfer their insurance when moving to another province or territory?
Signup and view all the answers
What must provincial or territorial health insurance plans be operated on?
What must provincial or territorial health insurance plans be operated on?
Signup and view all the answers
Under which principle are all insured persons entitled to health insurance coverage on uniform terms?
Under which principle are all insured persons entitled to health insurance coverage on uniform terms?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is NOT a federal responsibility regarding healthcare?
Which of the following is NOT a federal responsibility regarding healthcare?
Signup and view all the answers
How are healthcare costs primarily controlled within the Canadian healthcare system?
How are healthcare costs primarily controlled within the Canadian healthcare system?
Signup and view all the answers
What aspect of care is primarily determined by the relationship between demand for service and supply?
What aspect of care is primarily determined by the relationship between demand for service and supply?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following best describes 'accessibility' in the context of care delivery?
Which of the following best describes 'accessibility' in the context of care delivery?
Signup and view all the answers
Which element of the 5 A's refers to how services fit the constraints of people needing them?
Which element of the 5 A's refers to how services fit the constraints of people needing them?
Signup and view all the answers
In Canada, private delivery services may include which of the following types?
In Canada, private delivery services may include which of the following types?
Signup and view all the answers
Which province is noted for having a mix of private and publicly funded services in the context of healthcare delivery?
Which province is noted for having a mix of private and publicly funded services in the context of healthcare delivery?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a potential downside of universal health care when specialized treatment is required?
What is a potential downside of universal health care when specialized treatment is required?
Signup and view all the answers
Which aspect of health care is NOT directly addressed by the responsibilities of the health system?
Which aspect of health care is NOT directly addressed by the responsibilities of the health system?
Signup and view all the answers
How are provincial workers’ compensation and health safety programs financed?
How are provincial workers’ compensation and health safety programs financed?
Signup and view all the answers
What percentage of overall health care expenditures in Canada was spent on hospital costs, pharmaceuticals, and physician salaries as of 2019?
What percentage of overall health care expenditures in Canada was spent on hospital costs, pharmaceuticals, and physician salaries as of 2019?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is a responsibility of the health system?
Which of the following is a responsibility of the health system?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a challenge mentioned regarding public health accessibilities?
What is a challenge mentioned regarding public health accessibilities?
Signup and view all the answers
What is one of the main goals of medicine that is questioned within the content?
What is one of the main goals of medicine that is questioned within the content?
Signup and view all the answers
What factor influences the grading of employer-paid premiums for provincial workers’ compensation?
What factor influences the grading of employer-paid premiums for provincial workers’ compensation?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of constraints includes social and cultural factors?
What type of constraints includes social and cultural factors?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a primary concern regarding electronic medical and health records?
What is a primary concern regarding electronic medical and health records?
Signup and view all the answers
Which technology is specifically used for remote medical consultations?
Which technology is specifically used for remote medical consultations?
Signup and view all the answers
Which aspect is NOT a factor in reducing the health gap for Indigenous peoples?
Which aspect is NOT a factor in reducing the health gap for Indigenous peoples?
Signup and view all the answers
Which organization was designed to influence and advance the health of Aboriginal peoples in Canada?
Which organization was designed to influence and advance the health of Aboriginal peoples in Canada?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a major barrier to healthcare access for Indigenous populations?
What is a major barrier to healthcare access for Indigenous populations?
Signup and view all the answers
What factor is critical for the effective use of electronic medical records?
What factor is critical for the effective use of electronic medical records?
Signup and view all the answers
Which method is used for training healthcare providers remotely?
Which method is used for training healthcare providers remotely?
Signup and view all the answers
What impact did colonialism have on Indigenous health according to the content?
What impact did colonialism have on Indigenous health according to the content?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is NOT a major constraint affecting health service delivery?
Which of the following is NOT a major constraint affecting health service delivery?
Signup and view all the answers
What ultimately happened to the National Aboriginal Health Organization (NAHO)?
What ultimately happened to the National Aboriginal Health Organization (NAHO)?
Signup and view all the answers
What was a consequence of the Europeans' arrival that affected Indigenous health?
What was a consequence of the Europeans' arrival that affected Indigenous health?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is NOT part of the social and physical environment factors contributing to health disparities?
Which of the following is NOT part of the social and physical environment factors contributing to health disparities?
Signup and view all the answers
The integration of Indigenous values in healthcare primarily focuses on what aspect?
The integration of Indigenous values in healthcare primarily focuses on what aspect?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Canada's Healthcare System
- Canada's universal healthcare system is publicly funded and administered through a combination of federal and provincial/territorial responsibilities.
-
Federal government responsibilities:
- Ensure healthcare workers' health and safety.
- Set standards for provincial/territorial healthcare systems.
- Oversee Indigenous and extended peoples' health.
- Provide funding restraints and contribute to health-related services.
-
Provincial and territorial responsibilities:
- Administer and operate provincially-funded health insurance plans.
- Delivering a range of healthcare services.
Five Principles of the Canada Health Act (1967)
- Public administration: Health insurance plans must be operated non-profit and accountable to the provincial/territorial government.
- Comprehensiveness: Plans must include all medically necessary services from hospitals, dentists working within hospitals, and medical practitioners.
- Universality: Coverage is provided to all insured persons through uniform terms and conditions.
- Accessibility: Reasonable access to medically necessary services must be provided without financial or other barriers.
- Portability: Emergency services must be accessible to all insured persons when visiting another province.
Alternative Models to Social Insurance:
- General taxes: Funding healthcare through general taxes is the model used in Canada, though hospital and physician services are the only universally funded services.
- Social insurance: A system where individuals contribute to social insurance funds to cover healthcare expenses.
- Private insurance: Used by employers to manage healthcare costs and provide supplemental coverage beyond public healthcare.
Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC)
- PHAC promotes and protects the health of Canadians through leadership, partnership, innovation, and action in public health.
- Key roles of PHAC:
- Concentrate federal public health resources.
- Enhance collaboration between different levels of government.
- Facilitate a faster, more flexible response to emergencies.
- Improve communication and planning.
- PHAC focuses on promoting disease prevention and health promotion programmes.
The Five Who's Responsibilities of Clinician and Health Systems:
- Improve the health status of individuals, families, and communities.
- Defend the population against health threats.
- Protect people from the financial consequences of ill health.
- Provide equitable access to people-centered care.
- Improve support systems.
Costs and Spending:
- Public healthcare costs are controlled through: Reducing the use of services, improving efficiency, and improving support systems.
- Healthcare costs are increasing in Canada, reaching $264.4 billion in 2019.
- Hospital costs, pharmaceuticals, and physician salaries account for nearly 60% of healthcare spending.
Delivering Care in Canada:
- Delivery of care varies across the country depending on local demand, resources, and funding structures.
- Ontario relies on publicly funded but privately administered services.
- Private delivery sectors include hospitals, long-term care, and community services funded by provinces.
- Most physicians contract with provincial insurance plans as private service providers.
- Services not covered by provincial plans may be accessed through private insurance, out-of-pocket payments, or through private practitioners offering services like: physiotherapy, occupational therapy, optometry, podiatry, and psychology.
Five A's of Ensuring Access to Care:
- Availability: Relationship between demand for services and their supply.
- Accessibility: Geographical relationship between locations of service providers and the people who need them.
- Accommodation: Relationship between the manner of service delivery and the constraints of individuals who need them (physical, social, time, cultural, religious).
- Affordability: Relationship between the cost of services and the ability of users to pay.
- Acceptability: The extent to which individuals who need services are comfortable using them.
Information Technology in Healthcare:
- Electronic medical and health records (EMHRs): Aim to facilitate the sharing and storage of health information.
- Interoperability: EMHRs strive for compatibility and data exchange between different systems.
- Telemedicine (Videoconferencing for medical care): Reduces wait times.
- Teletraining (Web-based health training for clinicians): Offers podcasts, videocasts, and interactive training programs.
Health Services for Indigenous Populations:
- Social norms and historical injustices: Disproportionately impacted indigenous health through isolation, lack of access, and cultural sensitivity in healthcare systems.
- Coordination and cultural awareness: Services often lack coordination, are staffed by non-indigenous people, and may not be responsive to community needs.
- Traditional indigenous teachings: Emphasize balance between physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual aspects of health through connection to the environment.
- The health gap: Indigenous populations experience a broader health gap compared to the rest of Canada.
- Reducing the gap: Requires addressing employment opportunities, income, education, housing, sanitation, and cultural preservation.
- NAHO (National Aboriginal Health Organisation): Founded in 2000 to advocate for the health and well-being of Aboriginal peoples. Funding cuts led to its disbanding in 2012.
Occupational Health and Safety:
- Ensuring healthy working environments.
- Occupational health introspective of workforces.
- Federal legislation regulates certain workforces to ensure health and safety.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Explore the fundamentals of Canada's healthcare system, highlighting the roles of both federal and provincial governments. Learn about the key principles outlined in the Canada Health Act of 1967 that govern healthcare delivery across the nation.
