Campbell Biology Chapter Review: Chromosomal Conditions
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Questions and Answers

What is the chromosomal condition at prometaphase of mitosis?

  • Centromere at the center (correct)
  • Chromosomes not yet replicated
  • One haploid set black and the other gray
  • Two pairs of homologous chromosomes

    • What characterizes telophase of mitosis regarding the daughter nucleus?

  • One haploid set black and the other gray
  • Two pairs of homologous chromosomes
  • Two haploid sets of chromosomes (correct)
  • Replicated chromosomes

    • What term describes two centrosomes positioned at opposite poles of the cell?

  • Metaphase
  • Prometaphase (correct)
  • Telophase
  • Anaphase

    • In animal cells, what is the term for centrioles starting to move apart?

    <p>Prophase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At prometaphase of mitosis, what is the arrangement of homologous chromosomes?

    <p>Two pairs of homologous chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiates the daughter nuclei in telophase of mitosis?

    <p>Two haploid sets of chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the movement of centrioles starting to separate in animal cells?

    <p>Prophase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During prometaphase of mitosis, what stage do the unreplicated chromosomes represent?

    <p>Chromosomes not yet replicated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of mitosis do chromosomes first become visible?

    <p>Prophase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of using eukaryote-like cell division for a newly evolving protist?

    <p>Cell division would allow for the orderly and efficient segregation of multiple linear chromosomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do the daughter cells at the end of mitosis and cytokinesis compare with their parent cell when it was in G1 of the cell cycle?

    <p>The daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes and the same amount of DNA.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is primarily responsible for cytokinesis in plant cells?

    <p>Golgi-derived vesicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of mitosis involves the formation of a cell plate and nuclei re-forming at opposite ends of the cell?

    <p>An animal cell undergoing cytokinesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a diploid nucleus with four chromosomes represent?

    <p>Cells in G1 phase of the cell cycle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is binary fission not suitable for an organism with complex cells?

    <p>Binary fission cannot ensure efficient segregation of multiple linear chromosomes in complex cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What disrupts microtubule formation in animal cells and stops mitosis by binding to microtubules?

    <p>The fibers of the mitotic spindle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When do chromosomes become composed of two chromatids during mitosis?

    <p>Prophase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In eukaryotic cell division, what ensures genetic stability during chromosome replication?

    <p>Orderly segregation of homologous chromosomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which cell type do taxol's actions stop mitosis by disrupting microtubule formation?

    <p>Animal cells in telophase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the cell cycle, what phase immediately follows mitosis?

    <p>Cytokinesis Phase.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of having homologous chromosomes in a diploid nucleus?

    <p>Facilitates chromosomal crossover during meiosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must taxol affect to disrupt microtubule formation and stop mitosis?

    <p>The S phase of the cell cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is involved in accelerating microtubule assembly and stopping mitosis in animal cells when disrupted by taxol?

    <p>Golgi-derived vesicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of having two pairs of homologous chromosomes in a diploid nucleus?

    <p>To allow for independent assortment of characteristics in offspring.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the origin of the microtubules of the spindle during mitosis in plant and animal cells?

    <p>Centrosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a cell has 8 chromosomes at metaphase of mitosis, how many chromosomes will it have during anaphase?

    <p>16</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would be the result if a cell completed mitosis but not cytokinesis?

    <p>Two nuclei with half the amount of DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding the difference between plant and animal cells during mitosis and cytokinesis?

    <p>A cell plate begins to form at telophase in animals, whereas in plants a cleavage furrow is initiated at that stage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a correct statement regarding the number of chromosomes in each daughter cell following cytokinesis, given 20 chromatids in a cell at metaphase?

    <p>Each daughter cell has 10 chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Based on the data in Table 12.1, which conclusion can be drawn about the difference between the G1 phase durations for beta and delta?

    <p>Beta cells spend more time in G1 phase than delta cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the differences in phase durations among the three cell types, what can be inferred about the S phase for gamma compared to beta?

    <p>Beta cells have a longer S phase than gamma cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately reflects the characteristics of delta cells based on the information provided?

    <p>Delta cells contain only one chromosome that is very short</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Considering the phases of the cell cycle, what inference can be made about beta and gamma regarding their DNA content?

    <p>Gamma contains more DNA than beta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What conclusion can be drawn about the G2 phase durations for beta and gamma based on the provided data?

    <p>Gamma spends more time in G2 phase than beta</p> Signup and view all the answers

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