Calories and Essential Elements in Animal Physiology
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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of Calcium in animals?

  • Antioxidant
  • Muscle and nerve function, co-enzyme
  • Maintenance of bone and teeth (correct)
  • Component of enzymes involved in the synthesis of melanin

    • Which vitamin is involved in the regulation of bone cell activity?

  • Vitamin E (tocopherol)
  • Vitamin A (retinol)
  • Vitamin D (calciferol) (correct)
  • Vitamin K (phylloquinone)

    • What is the main function of Fluorine in animals?

  • Component of thyroid hormone (correct)
  • Component of hemoglobin, myoglobin, cytochromes, and electron carriers
  • Maintenance of bone and teeth
  • Blood clotting

    • Which nutrient is mainly involved in the synthesis of retinal pigments?

    <p>Vitamin A (retinol)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Potassium in animals?

    <p>Acid-base balance, water balance, and neural function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of Iodine in animals?

    <p>Component of thyroid hormone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common symptom of a peptic ulcer?

    <p>Stomach pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does homeostasis refer to in a physiological sense?

    <p>Maintaining a stable internal environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the set points for blood pH and body temperature, respectively?

    <p>$7.4$ and $37$ °C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the adjustment of physiological systems within the body as conditions change?

    <p>Homeostatic regulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of homeostatic control mechanisms in living organisms?

    <p>To maintain a constant internal environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do peptic ulcers manifest within the stomach?

    <p>On the inner lining of the stomach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the absorption of water and products of digestion mainly occur?

    <p>Jejunum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What provides the alkaline medium for the digestive process?

    <p>Juice secreted by the pancreas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the small intestine has an increased surface area due to villi and microvilli?

    <p>Ileum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the large intestine or colon?

    <p>Storage of undigested matter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the digestive system has only one-thirtieth of the absorptive surface area of the small intestine?

    <p>Colon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the final processing of undigested material into feces primarily occur?

    <p>Colon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the oral cavity in food processing?

    <p>To test food for texture, temperature, and taste</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ in the digestive system serves as the entrance to both the esophagus and the trachea?

    <p>Pharynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the epiglottis during swallowing?

    <p>Blocking the trachea to prevent food from entering the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does enzymatic hydrolysis occur in the process of digestion?

    <p>Stomach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT involved in absorption during food processing?

    <p>Expulsion of undigested materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What initiates the chemical process of digestion in the oral cavity?

    <p>Salivary amylase enzymes in saliva</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason why few organisms can survive in conditions warmer than 60◦C?

    <p>Enzymatic reactions that denature at high temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to organisms that create most of their heat via metabolic processes?

    <p>Endotherms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do ectotherms regulate their body temperatures?

    <p>Using external sources of temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of behavior modification for thermoregulation?

    <p>Showering with water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How has environmental temperature influenced the shapes/sizes of organisms?

    <p>Affecting the surface-to-volume ratio</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main factor influencing the survival of organisms in certain habitats?

    <p>Temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

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