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Questions and Answers
Calculus is considered a risk factor because:
Calculus is considered a risk factor because:
- The surface of calculus can damage the adjacent soft tissue through direct trauma
- Calculus is the primary cause of periodontal disease
- The bacteria derive many of their needed nutrients from the hard calculus deposits
- The surface of calculus is irregular and provides a place for bacteria to grow undisturbed (correct)
Dental calculus is mineralised petrified dental plaque and does not directly cause to progression of periodontal disease
Dental calculus is mineralised petrified dental plaque and does not directly cause to progression of periodontal disease
True (A)
Kate attends the dental surgery presenting complaining that she always forms calculus on her lower anterior linguals and upper buccal molars. You reassured Kate with the following information (Select the most appropriate answer)
Kate attends the dental surgery presenting complaining that she always forms calculus on her lower anterior linguals and upper buccal molars. You reassured Kate with the following information (Select the most appropriate answer)
- Kate is more at risk for forming calculus in these areas as they are located near salivary glands (correct)
- Kate is may have a high calcium diet and this means she will make more calculus
- Kate is predisposed to forming calculus in these areas
- There is a genetic link on where people form calculus
Methods of calculus detection are:
Methods of calculus detection are:
Sam has had several crowns and implants fitted seven months ago. He has only attended the dental hygiene appointment for the first time since the prosthesis were fitted. (Select the most appropriate answer)
Sam has had several crowns and implants fitted seven months ago. He has only attended the dental hygiene appointment for the first time since the prosthesis were fitted. (Select the most appropriate answer)
Supra and sub gingival calculus both derive their minerals from saliva
Supra and sub gingival calculus both derive their minerals from saliva
The composition of dental calculus consists of organic & inorganic substances
The composition of dental calculus consists of organic & inorganic substances
What is the composition of inorganic material in calculus
What is the composition of inorganic material in calculus
What is the composition of organic material in calculus?
What is the composition of organic material in calculus?
Which of the following is NOT a mechanism for attachment of calculus to a tooth surface?
Which of the following is NOT a mechanism for attachment of calculus to a tooth surface?
The composition of inorganic material in dental calculus is 10-30%
The composition of inorganic material in dental calculus is 10-30%
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Study Notes
Calculus as a Risk Factor
- Calculus is not a direct cause of periodontal disease.
- The presence of calculus can increase the risk of developing periodontal disease.
Calculus Formation
- Individuals may be prone to calculus formation in specific locations, such as the lower anterior linguals and upper buccal molars.
Calculus Detection
- Methods include:
- Visual examination
- Tactile exploration using a dental instrument
- Radiographic examination
Calculus Composition
- Calculus consists of:
- Inorganic material: 60-80%
- Calcium phosphates: Hydroxyapatite, octacalcium phosphate, whitlockite
- Calcium carbonate: Calcite, aragonite
- Other: Magnesium, sodium, potassium, fluoride
- Organic material: 20-40%
- Bacteria: Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria
- Extracellular matrix: Polysaccharides, proteins
- Lipids
- Inorganic material: 60-80%
Attachment Mechanisms
- Attachment of calculus to the tooth surface can occur through:
- Adhesion: Calculus adheres to the acquired pellicle, which is a thin film of proteins and glycoproteins that forms on the tooth surface.
- Interlocking: Calculus can physically interlock with irregularities on the tooth surface.
- Mechanical interlocking: Calculus can penetrate into the enamel or cementum, anchoring it to the tooth structure.
- Not Attachment: Mineralization: Calculus does not mineralize the tooth surface as a mechanism of attachment.
Calculus and Implants
- Following prosthetic placement, regular hygiene appointments are crucial to monitor for calculus formation.
- Implants are susceptible to calculus formation, just like natural teeth.
Calculus and Saliva
- Both supra- and subgingival calculus derive their minerals from saliva.
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