29 Questions
What does a narrow confidence interval indicate about the sample mean?
It is fairly precise
In constructing a confidence interval, what are calculated to determine the range?
The lower and upper bounds
What percentage of the time would a 95% confidence interval fail to include the population parameters if the experiment were repeated multiple times?
5%
What does the value of 'α' represent in the context of confidence intervals?
Confidence level
In a two-tailed test for a confidence interval, what implication does having two alternatives hold?
It involves considering both sides of the distribution
What calculation method is utilized to determine the lower and upper bounds in a confidence interval?
$t$-distribution
What is the first step in calculating a 95% confidence interval for a mean?
Find the mean and its standard error
In finding a 95% confidence interval for a mean, what does multiplying the standard error by 1.96 help to determine?
The margin of error for the estimate
What is the purpose of calculating a confidence interval for a mean value in statistics?
To estimate how precise the mean estimate is
What does a 95% confidence interval of 200.1 to 211.9 mean in relation to a population mean?
The population mean falls between 200.1 and 211.9 with 95% probability
Which mathematical operation is used to determine the upper limit of a 95% confidence interval?
Addition
If the standard error for a mean is 4, what is the margin of error when calculating a 95% confidence interval?
+7.84
What action was taken regarding the null hypothesis when the value calculated for t (3.75) was not between ± 0.975?
Rejected the null hypothesis H0
Which value is considered too unlikely or rare in the context of hypothesis testing?
Sample mean 𝒙 = 75.0kg
What parameter helps in detecting a difference of a specified magnitude in hypothesis tests?
Statistical power
What did setting the alpha level at a=0.05 determine in the hypothesis testing scenario mentioned?
Rarity cut points
What was the consequence of deeming the observed outcome too unlikely or rare under the assumption of the null hypothesis being true?
Rejecting the null hypothesis H0
In hypothesis testing, what measure can be easily obtained to determine the rarity of an observed outcome assuming the null hypothesis is true?
-2.26 as the critical value
What does a 95% confidence interval for a percentage represent?
The range of values within which the percentage would be found at least 95% of the time.
Why is the statement 'There is a 95% probability that the true effect is located within the confidence interval' incorrect?
The true effect is not a random variable; it is constant.
How would you describe transforming the standard error into a 95% confidence interval?
It is straightforward.
Which of the following best describes a 95% confidence interval?
It represents where the true effect lies 95% of the time.
Why can't we assign a probability to whether the true effect is within a confidence interval?
The true effect is constant, not a random variable.
What does a confidence interval represent?
The range of values consistent with the data from a study
Why do epidemiologists often interpret confidence intervals as guides rather than strict ranges?
Because different formulas can sometimes give different results
How is the precision of an estimate related to the width of a confidence interval?
As the interval narrows, the estimate becomes more precise
What criterion is commonly used to determine the size of a confidence interval?
The width of the interval that includes the mean 95% of the time
What is one reason why epidemiologists use a common-sense approach to interpreting confidence intervals?
Because different formulas can lead to varying results
Which of the following is NOT a property or use of confidence intervals?
Representing an exact value from a study
Learn how to calculate the mean and its standard error, as well as the 95% confidence interval for a given set of observations. Understand the steps to find the lower and upper limits of the confidence interval.
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