Calculate Relative Atomic Mass
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Questions and Answers

What is the relationship between relative atomic mass, abundance percentage, and atomic mass?

  • Direct relationship (correct)
  • Exponential relationship
  • No relationship
  • Inverse relationship
  • Which group in the periodic table is known for being highly reactive and easily losing their outer electron?

  • Group 1 – Alkali Metals (correct)
  • Transition Metals
  • Group 7 – Halogens
  • Group 2 – Alkaline Earth Metals
  • What property increases as you move down Group 1 – Alkali Metals in the periodic table?

  • Atomic number
  • Density
  • Reactivity (correct)
  • Boiling point
  • Which group in the periodic table has a valence of 2 and is shiny?

    <p>Group 2 – Alkaline Earth Metals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are isotopes considered to be the same chemically but not physically?

    <p>Due to different numbers of neutrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group in the periodic table has a valence of 7 and can be solid, liquid, or gas?

    <p>Group 7 – Halogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do atomic radii increase down a group?

    <p>Due to the increase in the number of positively charged protons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes atomic radii to decrease from left to right across a period?

    <p>Increase in the number of positively charged protons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of noble gases in terms of reactivity?

    <p>High ionization energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature distinguishes lanthanides and actinides from other elements?

    <p>Having 2 electrons in the outer shell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of the release of radiation by radioactive elements?

    <p>Short or long half lives.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In metallic bonding, what property arises from the delocalized electrons?

    <p>Good thermal conductivity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Relative Atomic Mass

    • Calculated by: (abundance percentage x atomic mass) + (abundance percentage x atomic mass) / 100
    • Used to determine the average mass of an element

    Characteristics of Atoms

    • Chemical nature depends on the number of electrons
    • Isotopes have the same chemical properties but different physical properties due to varying numbers of neutrons

    Periodic Table Group Properties

    Group 1 - Alkali Metals

    • Valence: 1
    • Highly reactive, easily lose their outer electron to obtain a complete outer shell
    • Not readily found in nature
    • Reactivity increases as you move down the group (ionization energy decreases)
    • Good conductors of heat and electricity
    • Soft and malleable

    Group 2 - Alkaline Earth Metals

    • Valence: 2
    • Highly reactive, easily lose their outer electron to obtain a complete outer shell
    • Not readily found in nature
    • Reactivity increases as you move down the group (ionization energy decreases)
    • Good conductors of heat and electricity
    • Shiny

    Group 7 - Halogens

    • Valence: 7
    • May be solid, liquid, or gas
    • Highly reactive, strong electronegativity (tends to 'steal' electrons from other elements)

    Group 8 - Noble Gases

    • Maximum number of electrons in outer shell
    • Extremely high ionization energy
    • Unreactive

    Transitional Metals

    • Can have multiple valencies (e.g. Fe: Fe2+, 3+)
    • Good conductors of heat and electricity
    • Malleable and ductile

    Lanthanides and Actinides

    • Have 2 electrons in outer shell
    • Good electrical conductors
    • Silver: tarnishes easily

    Radioactive Elements

    • Have more than 82 protons
    • Unstable nuclei due to proton-to-neutron ratio
    • Release radiation and may have short or long half-lives

    Atomic Radius

    • Increases down a group due to additional energy levels and electrons
    • Decreases from left to right across a period due to electrostatic attractions

    Ionic Charge and Radius

    • Atoms tend to lose or gain electrons to achieve complete s and p sublevels

    Bonding

    Metallic Bonding

    • Involves the electrostatic attraction between metal ions that have released electrons
    • Valence electrons are loosely held as metal (low ionization energy)
    • Forms positively charged cations
    • Delocalized electrons are free to move randomly
    • Overall neutral charge (number of cations = number of delocalized electrons)
    • Non-directional

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    Description

    Learn how to calculate the relative atomic mass of an element using the formula provided in the image. Understand how the abundance percentage and atomic mass of isotopes contribute to determining the relative atomic mass.

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