Calcium Stones Management
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Questions and Answers

What dietary advice is typically given to patients with calcium-based renal calculi?

  • Increase calcium intake
  • Increase protein intake
  • Restrict calcium intake (correct)
  • Limit sodium intake
  • For patients with uric acid stones, what type of diet is usually recommended to reduce the excretion of uric acid in the urine?

  • High-sodium diet
  • High-purine diet
  • Low-calcium diet
  • Low-protein diet (correct)
  • What is the impact of increasing fluid intake for patients with oxalate stones?

  • It reduces serum calcium levels
  • It increases urinary oxalate levels
  • It increases serum sodium levels
  • It reduces urinary oxalate levels (correct)
  • Which medication may be used to reduce serum uric acid levels and urinary uric acid excretion in patients with uric acid stones?

    <p>Allopurinol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the dietary recommendation for patients with cystine stones?

    <p>Low-protein diet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What medication can be beneficial for patients with type 2 absorptive hypercalciuria and calcium-based renal calculi?

    <p>Thiazide diuretics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which procedure involves visualizing the stone and then destroying it by inserting a laser, electrohydraulic lithotripter, or ultrasound device?

    <p>Ureteroscopy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which intervention is commonly referred to as lithotripsy and is used to break up stones in the calyx of the kidney?

    <p>Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which food mentioned in the text contains oxalate?

    <p>Peanuts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To keep the ureter patent after certain procedures, what may be inserted and left in place for 48 hours or more?

    <p>Stent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In ESWL, how are stones broken up?

    <p>By shock wave</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which procedure involves endoscopic or other interventions if complications occur or if the stone does not pass spontaneously?

    <p>Endourologic (percutaneous) stone removal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should table salt and high-sodium foods be reduced?

    <p>To prevent competition with calcium for reabsorption in the kidneys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a reason low-calcium diets are generally not recommended?

    <p>To reduce the risk of osteoporosis and kidney stones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to limit calcium intake, especially in women?

    <p>To increase the risk of osteoporosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following foods should be avoided to reduce oxalate intake?

    <p>Spinach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended fluid intake for patients with renal calculi?

    <p>8-10 glasses of water daily or IV fluids to keep urine dilute</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How often should fluids be consumed during the day to prevent urine from becoming concentrated at night?

    <p>Every 1-2 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

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