Calcium Stones Management

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What dietary advice is typically given to patients with calcium-based renal calculi?

Increase calcium intake

Increase protein intake

Restrict calcium intake (correct)

Limit sodium intake

For patients with uric acid stones, what type of diet is usually recommended to reduce the excretion of uric acid in the urine?

High-sodium diet

High-purine diet

Low-calcium diet

Low-protein diet (correct)

What is the impact of increasing fluid intake for patients with oxalate stones?

It reduces serum calcium levels

It increases urinary oxalate levels

It increases serum sodium levels

It reduces urinary oxalate levels (correct)

Which medication may be used to reduce serum uric acid levels and urinary uric acid excretion in patients with uric acid stones?

Allopurinol Signup and view all the answers

What is the dietary recommendation for patients with cystine stones?

Low-protein diet Signup and view all the answers

What medication can be beneficial for patients with type 2 absorptive hypercalciuria and calcium-based renal calculi?

Thiazide diuretics Signup and view all the answers

Which procedure involves visualizing the stone and then destroying it by inserting a laser, electrohydraulic lithotripter, or ultrasound device?

Ureteroscopy Signup and view all the answers

Which intervention is commonly referred to as lithotripsy and is used to break up stones in the calyx of the kidney?

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) Signup and view all the answers

Which food mentioned in the text contains oxalate?

Peanuts Signup and view all the answers

To keep the ureter patent after certain procedures, what may be inserted and left in place for 48 hours or more?

Stent Signup and view all the answers

In ESWL, how are stones broken up?

By shock wave Signup and view all the answers

Which procedure involves endoscopic or other interventions if complications occur or if the stone does not pass spontaneously?

Endourologic (percutaneous) stone removal Signup and view all the answers

Why should table salt and high-sodium foods be reduced?

To prevent competition with calcium for reabsorption in the kidneys Signup and view all the answers

What is a reason low-calcium diets are generally not recommended?

To reduce the risk of osteoporosis and kidney stones Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to limit calcium intake, especially in women?

To increase the risk of osteoporosis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following foods should be avoided to reduce oxalate intake?

Spinach Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended fluid intake for patients with renal calculi?

8-10 glasses of water daily or IV fluids to keep urine dilute Signup and view all the answers

How often should fluids be consumed during the day to prevent urine from becoming concentrated at night?

Every 1-2 hours Signup and view all the answers