Calcium

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What percentage of the body's calcium is found in bones and teeth?

90%

99% (correct)

80%

95%

Which of the following is a good source of calcium according to the text?

1 small carton of yoghurt (correct)

1 medium-sized apple

1 small carton of orange juice

125g of milk

What is the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) of calcium for individuals aged 18+ years?

1200mg (correct)

500mg

1000mg

800mg

What percentage of calcium is absorbed actively in the small intestine?

30% Signup and view all the answers

What is the plasma concentration of Ca+?

9-10.4 mg/100 ml Signup and view all the answers

Which physiological factor affects calcium absorption?

Pregnancy Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of calcium in the body?

Bone structure Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following contributes to dietary factors affecting calcium absorption?

Oxalates and phytates in foods Signup and view all the answers

What is the calcium intake recommendation for individuals aged 1-10 years?

1000mg Signup and view all the answers

Which vitamin is essential for calcium deposition?

Vitamin D Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of calcium is found in body fluids such as blood and extracellular fluid?

1% Signup and view all the answers

What is the calcium intake recommendation for individuals aged 11-17 years?

1200mg Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range for plasma Ca+ concentration?

9-10.4 mg/100 ml Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone inhibits vitamin D and prevents reabsorption of calcium?

Calcitonin Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and vitamin D in calcium metabolism?

Stimulate calcium reabsorption Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of calcitonin in response to rising blood calcium levels?

Inhibits resorption and prevents reabsorption Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of high blood calcium in calcium metabolism?

Bone demineralisation Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of osteoclasts in calcium metabolism?

Mobilization of calcium Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of osteoporosis according to the World Health Organization (WHO)?

BMD more than −2.5 SD below the young adult mean Signup and view all the answers

What is the upper limit for calcium intake to avoid toxicity?

2500 mg/day Signup and view all the answers

What are the potential consequences of calcium toxicity?

Calcification of soft tissue Signup and view all the answers

What are the consequences of calcium deficiency?

Reduced bone mass Signup and view all the answers

What is the method used to assess bone mineral density (BMD)?

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of adequate calcium intake in relation to skeletal growth?

Essential for peak bone mass (PBM) Signup and view all the answers