60 Questions
What is the majority location of calcium in the body?
Bones and teeth
What is the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of calcium for adults?
1200mg
What is the main physiological factor affecting calcium absorption and metabolism?
Vitamin D status
Which food contributes approximately 200mg of calcium intake in Ireland?
1 small carton yoghurt
What percentage of calcium is absorbed actively in the small intestine?
30%
What is the plasma concentration of Ca+ in mg/100 ml?
9-10.4 mg
Which factor is concentration dependent in calcium absorption?
Active absorption
What is the most abundant mineral in the body?
Calcium
Which mineral is part of bone structure and considered as a 'calcium bank'?
Calcium
What is the calcium intake recommendation for 1-10 year olds?
1000mg
Which physiological factor affects calcium absorption and metabolism in relation to pregnancy?
Pregnancy
What is the main dietary factor affecting calcium absorption and metabolism?
Oxalates and phytates in foods
Which hormone prevents reabsorption of calcium in the kidneys?
Calcitonin
What stimulates the reabsorption of calcium in the kidneys?
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
What is the normal range of plasma calcium concentration in milligrams per 100 milliliters?
9-10.4 mg/100 ml
Which hormone inhibits the action of vitamin D?
Calcitonin
What is the role of calcitonin in calcium metabolism?
Prevents calcium resorption
What is the function of vitamin D in calcium metabolism?
Enhances calcium absorption
What is the primary function of calcitonin in response to rising blood calcium levels?
Inhibits bone demineralization
What is the effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and vitamin D on bone demineralization?
Stimulate bone demineralization
What is the primary role of osteoclasts in calcium metabolism?
Mobilization of calcium from bone
What is the consequence of high blood calcium levels on bone metabolism?
Bone formation increases
What is the outcome of bone turnover in an aging adult?
Bone breakdown exceeds formation
What is the potential consequence of calcium toxicity?
Kidney stones
What is the primary function of calcitonin in response to rising blood calcium levels?
Limits calcium resorption
What is the role of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in calcium metabolism?
Stimulates calcium reabsorption
What is the consequence of high blood calcium levels on bone metabolism?
Bone demineralization
What is the primary function of vitamin D in calcium metabolism?
Stimulates calcium reabsorption
What is the normal range of plasma calcium concentration in milligrams per 100 milliliters?
9-10.4 mg/100 ml
What is the WHO definition of osteopenia based on bone mineral density (BMD)?
BMD between −1 and −2.5 SD of the young adult mean
What is the US UL for calcium intake per day?
2500 mg/day
What is the primary source of extraskeletal calcium utilization in the body?
Bone turnover/remodeling
What is the primary consequence of calcium deficiency?
Reduced bone mass
What is the primary role of osteoclasts in calcium metabolism?
Mobilization of calcium from bone
What is the primary consequence of high blood calcium levels on calcium excretion?
Increased calcium reabsorption in the kidneys
What is the primary function of vitamin D in calcium absorption?
Stimulates calcium absorption in the intestines
What is the average amount of calcium supplied by 6 medium slices of white or brown bread?
150 mg
What is the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of calcium for adults according to EFSA?
1200 mg
What percentage of calcium is absorbed actively in the small intestine?
30%
What is the main physiological factor affecting calcium absorption and metabolism?
Vitamin D status
What is the plasma concentration of Ca+ in mg/100 ml?
9-10.4 mg
What is the primary source of extraskeletal calcium utilization in the body?
Other tissues
What is the consequence of high blood calcium levels on bone metabolism?
Increased bone resorption
What is the role of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in calcium metabolism?
Stimulates bone resorption
What is the main dietary factor affecting calcium absorption and metabolism?
Oxalates
What is the primary function of calcitonin in response to rising blood calcium levels?
Inhibits bone resorption
What is the primary consequence of calcium deficiency?
Osteoporosis
What is the potential consequence of calcium toxicity?
Kidney stones
What is the primary function of osteoclasts in calcium metabolism?
Promote bone resorption
What is the effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and vitamin D on bone demineralization?
Stimulate bone demineralization
What is the potential consequence of calcium toxicity?
Kidney stones
Which food contributes approximately 200mg of calcium intake in Ireland?
Small piece of cheddar cheese (28g)
What is the normal range of plasma calcium concentration in milligrams per 100 milliliters?
9-10.4 mg
What is the primary role of calcitonin in calcium metabolism?
Inhibit bone resorption
What is the outcome of bone turnover in an aging adult?
Decreased bone density
What is the main physiological factor affecting calcium absorption and metabolism?
Vitamin D status
What is the main dietary factor affecting calcium absorption and metabolism?
Oxalates and phytates in foods
What is the most abundant mineral in the body?
Calcium
What is the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of calcium for adults?
1200mg
What stimulates the reabsorption of calcium in the kidneys?
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
Test your knowledge of human nutrition with this quiz on understanding calcium, the most abundant mineral in the body. Learn about its role in bone structure, body fluids, and more.
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