Calcium
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Questions and Answers

What is the majority location of calcium in the body?

  • Muscle and other tissues
  • Extracellular fluid
  • Blood
  • Bones and teeth (correct)

    • What is the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of calcium for adults?

  • 800mg
  • 1000mg
  • 550g
  • 1200mg (correct)

    • What is the main physiological factor affecting calcium absorption and metabolism?

  • Dietary factors
  • Age
  • Vitamin D status (correct)
  • Pregnancy

    • Which food contributes approximately 200mg of calcium intake in Ireland?

    <p>1 small carton yoghurt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of calcium is absorbed actively in the small intestine?

    <p>30%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the plasma concentration of Ca+ in mg/100 ml?

    <p>9-10.4 mg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is concentration dependent in calcium absorption?

    <p>Active absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most abundant mineral in the body?

    <p>Calcium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mineral is part of bone structure and considered as a 'calcium bank'?

    <p>Calcium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the calcium intake recommendation for 1-10 year olds?

    <p>1000mg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which physiological factor affects calcium absorption and metabolism in relation to pregnancy?

    <p>Pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main dietary factor affecting calcium absorption and metabolism?

    <p>Oxalates and phytates in foods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone prevents reabsorption of calcium in the kidneys?

    <p>Calcitonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What stimulates the reabsorption of calcium in the kidneys?

    <p>Parathyroid hormone (PTH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range of plasma calcium concentration in milligrams per 100 milliliters?

    <p>9-10.4 mg/100 ml</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone inhibits the action of vitamin D?

    <p>Calcitonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of calcitonin in calcium metabolism?

    <p>Prevents calcium resorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of vitamin D in calcium metabolism?

    <p>Enhances calcium absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of calcitonin in response to rising blood calcium levels?

    <p>Inhibits bone demineralization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and vitamin D on bone demineralization?

    <p>Stimulate bone demineralization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of osteoclasts in calcium metabolism?

    <p>Mobilization of calcium from bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of high blood calcium levels on bone metabolism?

    <p>Bone formation increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of bone turnover in an aging adult?

    <p>Bone breakdown exceeds formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential consequence of calcium toxicity?

    <p>Kidney stones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of calcitonin in response to rising blood calcium levels?

    <p>Limits calcium resorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in calcium metabolism?

    <p>Stimulates calcium reabsorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of high blood calcium levels on bone metabolism?

    <p>Bone demineralization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of vitamin D in calcium metabolism?

    <p>Stimulates calcium reabsorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range of plasma calcium concentration in milligrams per 100 milliliters?

    <p>9-10.4 mg/100 ml</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the WHO definition of osteopenia based on bone mineral density (BMD)?

    <p>BMD between −1 and −2.5 SD of the young adult mean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the US UL for calcium intake per day?

    <p>2500 mg/day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of extraskeletal calcium utilization in the body?

    <p>Bone turnover/remodeling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary consequence of calcium deficiency?

    <p>Reduced bone mass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of osteoclasts in calcium metabolism?

    <p>Mobilization of calcium from bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary consequence of high blood calcium levels on calcium excretion?

    <p>Increased calcium reabsorption in the kidneys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of vitamin D in calcium absorption?

    <p>Stimulates calcium absorption in the intestines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average amount of calcium supplied by 6 medium slices of white or brown bread?

    <p>150 mg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of calcium for adults according to EFSA?

    <p>1200 mg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of calcium is absorbed actively in the small intestine?

    <p>30%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main physiological factor affecting calcium absorption and metabolism?

    <p>Vitamin D status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the plasma concentration of Ca+ in mg/100 ml?

    <p>9-10.4 mg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of extraskeletal calcium utilization in the body?

    <p>Other tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of high blood calcium levels on bone metabolism?

    <p>Increased bone resorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in calcium metabolism?

    <p>Stimulates bone resorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main dietary factor affecting calcium absorption and metabolism?

    <p>Oxalates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of calcitonin in response to rising blood calcium levels?

    <p>Inhibits bone resorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary consequence of calcium deficiency?

    <p>Osteoporosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential consequence of calcium toxicity?

    <p>Kidney stones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of osteoclasts in calcium metabolism?

    <p>Promote bone resorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and vitamin D on bone demineralization?

    <p>Stimulate bone demineralization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential consequence of calcium toxicity?

    <p>Kidney stones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which food contributes approximately 200mg of calcium intake in Ireland?

    <p>Small piece of cheddar cheese (28g)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range of plasma calcium concentration in milligrams per 100 milliliters?

    <p>9-10.4 mg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of calcitonin in calcium metabolism?

    <p>Inhibit bone resorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of bone turnover in an aging adult?

    <p>Decreased bone density</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main physiological factor affecting calcium absorption and metabolism?

    <p>Vitamin D status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main dietary factor affecting calcium absorption and metabolism?

    <p>Oxalates and phytates in foods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most abundant mineral in the body?

    <p>Calcium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of calcium for adults?

    <p>1200mg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What stimulates the reabsorption of calcium in the kidneys?

    <p>Parathyroid hormone (PTH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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