CAGE Questionnaire and Self-Harm Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the main purpose of the CAGE questionnaire?

  • To identify potential alcohol problems (correct)
  • To evaluate mental health issues
  • To measure physical fitness levels
  • To assess general health conditions
  • How sensitive is the CAGE questionnaire in detecting alcohol problems?

  • 70%
  • 100%
  • 90% (correct)
  • 50%
  • Which of the following statements about the CAGE questionnaire is true?

  • It is not widely used in clinical settings.
  • It contains five questions.
  • It is exclusively used for inpatient assessments.
  • It is a reliable indicator of alcohol-related issues. (correct)
  • In what context is the CAGE questionnaire typically utilized?

    <p>During a general health enquiry (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature makes the CAGE questionnaire effective in screening for alcohol problems?

    <p>Its high sensitivity rate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are lesions typically found on the body?

    <p>On the upper central chest, over the back, and groins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following psychological conditions may accompany the presence of lesions?

    <p>Paranoid or mood disorders (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one potential cognitive effect associated with the condition mentioned?

    <p>Temporofrontal dementia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which body area is least likely to show lesions according to the content?

    <p>Lower back (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary physical characteristic of the lesions described?

    <p>They appear as coagulated debris (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines deliberate self-harm according to the information provided?

    <p>Self-injurious behavior that occurs without conscious suicidal ideation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding self-injurious behavior?

    <p>It can exist as a distinct syndrome. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the self-harm syndrome discussed?

    <p>Is characterized by immediate intent to end one's life. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do authors differentiate self-mutilation from other forms of self-harm?

    <p>Self-mutilation can occur without conscious suicidal thoughts. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What misconception about self-injurious behavior is implied in the content?

    <p>All self-harm is driven by suicidal ideation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the current consensus regarding the relationship between isotretinoin and mood changes?

    <p>There is enough doubt about the validity of this relationship. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which patient assessment is recommended for individuals prescribed isotretinoin?

    <p>Routine assessment for suicidal thoughts before, during, and after treatment. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it particularly important to assess certain patients for suicide risk when they are on isotretinoin?

    <p>They are frequently prescribed isotretinoin due to psychosocial co-morbidities. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the best approach to monitoring patients with acne who are taking isotretinoin?

    <p>Regular assessment for suicide risk is crucial. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of care is emphasized for patients with acne and psychosocial co-morbidities when using isotretinoin?

    <p>Routine monitoring for mood changes and suicidal thoughts. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What class of antipsychotics includes clozapine and risperidone?

    <p>Second-generation antipsychotics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which receptor do typical antipsychotics primarily antagonize?

    <p>D2 dopamine receptors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT classified as an atypical antipsychotic?

    <p>Haloperidol (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following options includes only atypical antipsychotics?

    <p>Quetiapine, Olanzapine, Risperidone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is a characteristic of atypical antipsychotics?

    <p>They have lower affinity for D2 dopamine receptors. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended nightly dosage range for clomipramine?

    <p>25-100 mg (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which side effects are caused by the blockage of muscarinic, histamine, and alpha-adrenergic receptors?

    <p>Dry mouth and sedation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the highest suggested nightly dosage for desipramine?

    <p>300 mg (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug has a lower maximum dosage as compared to nortriptyline?

    <p>Doxepin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the dosage range for nortriptyline?

    <p>25-150 mg (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Lesions

    Damaged areas of the body, typically found on the chest and back.

    Coagulated debris

    Thick, solid clumps of material that build up in the body, often found in the groin area.

    Paranoid disorder

    A type of mental illness characterized by severe suspicion and distrust of others.

    Mood disorder

    A serious mental health condition involving extreme shifts in mood, from high energy to deep sadness.

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    Temporofrontal dementia

    A neurodegenerative condition affecting the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain, leading to cognitive decline and behavioral changes.

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    Deliberate self-harm without suicidal ideation

    Self-harm behavior without the intention of ending one's life.

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    Self-injurious behavior

    Activities such as cutting, burning, or hitting oneself.

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    Self-mutilation

    The act of harming oneself without the intent of dying.

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    Suicidal ideation

    Thoughts about ending one's own life.

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    Distinct syndrome

    A separate category of self-harm that exists on its own.

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    Mood changes

    A change in mood or emotional state.

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    Isotretinoin

    A drug used to treat severe acne.

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    Relationship between two things

    The possibility or likelihood of a connection between two things.

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    Doubt

    Concerns or uncertainties about the truth or validity of something.

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    Assessing for suicide

    Regularly checking for suicidal thoughts or behaviors.

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    CAGE questionnaire

    A questionnaire used to assess the possibility of alcohol problems.

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    Sensitivity

    The ability of a test to correctly identify individuals who have the condition (alcohol problems in this case).

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    CAGE sensitivity

    The CAGE questionnaire is considered to be sensitive, meaning it can identify a high proportion of individuals with alcohol problems.

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    Specificity

    A measurement of how often a test correctly identifies individuals who do not have the condition. It's the reverse of sensitivity.

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    CAGE Specificity

    The CAGE questionnaire is not known for its high specificity, meaning it might sometimes identify individuals who don't have alcohol problems.

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    Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)

    Medications used to treat depression that work by increasing serotonin levels in the brain.

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    Anticholinergic Side Effects

    A common side effect of TCAs that occurs due to their blocking of muscarinic, histamine, and alpha-adrenergic receptors.

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    TCA Dosage

    The range of dosages for TCAs, typically taken at night.

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    Clomipramine

    A specific TCA that blocks muscarinic, histamine, and alpha-adrenergic receptors, contributing to its side effects.

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    Doxepin

    A TCA that blocks histamine receptors, leading to sedation as a side effect.

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    What are atypical antipsychotics?

    Atypical antipsychotics are a newer class of medications used to treat mental health conditions, especially those involving psychosis. They work by affecting the balance of chemicals in the brain, including dopamine.

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    How are atypical antipsychotics different from typical antipsychotics?

    Atypical antipsychotics are different from typical antipsychotics because they do not primarily target dopamine receptors. They act on a wider range of neurotransmitters, making them often less likely to cause side effects like muscle stiffness.

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    Can you name some common atypical antipsychotics?

    Common examples of atypical antipsychotics include medications like clozapine, risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine, ziprasidone, and aripiprazole. These medications are often prescribed for conditions like schizophrenia or bipolar disorder.

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    What are typical antipsychotics called? How do they work?

    Typical antipsychotics are also known as first-generation antipsychotics (FGAs). These medications primarily work by blocking dopamine receptors in the brain. They can effectively manage psychosis but may cause more side effects than atypical antipsychotics.

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    What are dopamine receptors and why are they important?

    Dopamine receptors are crucial in the brain's reward system and regulating movement. When typical antipsychotics block these receptors, they can sometimes cause side effects like muscle stiffness or tremors.

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    Study Notes

    Psychocutaneous Disorders - II

    • Psychodermatology is a branch of dermatology focusing on the complex interaction between the brain, cutaneous nerves, cutaneous immune system, and skin.
    • Table 82.1 classifies psychodermatological disorders:

    i) Psychophysiological Disorders

    • Includes conditions like psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, acne excoriee, hyperhidrosis, urticaria, recurrent herpes simplex infection, seborrheic dermatitis, oral aphthosis, and rosacea.
    • Also includes pruritus.

    ii) Psychiatric Disorders with Dermatologic Manifestations

    • Includes dermatitis artefacta, delusions of parasitosis, obsessive-compulsive disorder, disorders of obsession (dysmorphophobia, acarophobia), and disorders of compulsion such as trichotillomania, neurotic excoriations, onychotillomania, lip-licking, cheek biting.
    • Also includes eating disorders and psychogenic pruritus.

    iii) Dermatologic Disorders with Psychiatric Symptoms

    • This category includes alopecia areata, vitiligo, psoriasis, chronic eczema, ichthyosiform syndromes, rhinophyma, neurofibroma, albinism, cutaneous sensory syndromes (glossodynia, vulvodynia, scalp pruritus), psychogenic purpura syndrome, and pseudopsychodermatologic disease.
    • Also includes suicide in dermatology patients and psychiatric side effects of dermatological and psychotropic drugs.

    iv) Miscellaneous

    • Includes disorders like cutaneous sensory syndromes, vitiligo, psoriasis, and chronic eczema.

    Factitious Skin Disease

    • Clinical deception involves a spectrum of intentional deception regarding the motivation and level of inducing illness.

    • DSM-5 criteria include: falsification of physical or psychological signs/symptoms or injury, presenting as ill/impaired/injured, deceptive behavior evident without external rewards, and behavior not better explained by another mental disorder.

    • Dermatitis Artefacta is a skin disease entirely caused by the patient's actions.

    • In adults, female patients are more prevalent than male patients. In prepubescent children, there is an equal sex ratio for this condition.

    • Patients often create a 'hollow history', providing fabricated lies, or appearing to not know how the lesions developed.

    • Lesions commonly appear suddenly and symmetrically.

    • Patients may display a detached attitude or an apparent indifference, often described with a "Mona Lisa smile"nonchalance and innocence.

    • Common areas of involvement are the face (particularly cheeks), dorsum of the hands (in children), and forearms (usually on the non-dominant side).

    Factitious Cheilitis

    • Less common in young girls, typically involving the simulation of the condition through application of substances like paper, glue and colorants.
    • Lesions appear as inflammation and crusting with variable hemorrhaging.

    Factitious Nail Disease

    • This involves traumatic or chemical damage to the nails and nail fold.
    • Children often show chronic paronychia, caused by inserting nails, pins or splinters.

    Hair Artefact

    • A distinctive pattern of hair loss occurs after cutting or shaving, resulting in rough or patterned shaved alopecia.

    Witchcraft Syndrome

    • Artefact dermatitis may be provoked on an unknowing victim.

    Constriction Artefact

    • Edema in one limb is constricted at a time.

    Purpura Artefact

    • Purpura and bruising result from suction, friction, or blunt trauma.

    Dermal Artefact

    • Skin lesions may show manifestations that mimic panniculitis-type lesions and boggy swellings.
    • Needle tracks, presence of injected substances, may be present.

    Post Surgical Artefact

    • Non-healing wounds are a common sign of this condition, often following minor procedures like breast biopsies or laparoscopies, followed by recurrence or infection by microbes such as MRSA.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the CAGE questionnaire and its use in identifying alcohol-related problems. Additionally, explore the characteristics and implications of self-harm behaviors. This quiz covers various psychological aspects, making it a valuable resource for those studying mental health.

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