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Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of D-401 (C6-C10 Tower Feed Coalescer)?
To remove any water entrained in the product stream.
How does E-401 (C6-C10 Tower Feed Preheater) heat the C6+ feed?
It uses 100 psig steam on the shell side to heat the feed on the tube side.
What are the two primary objectives for T-400 (C6-C10 Tower)?
To keep the C12 concentration in the overhead and the C10 concentration in the bottoms at specification.
Describe the function of E-400 (C6-C10 Tower Condenser).
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What role do P-400A/B (C6-C10 Tower Reflux & Product Pumps) serve?
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What is the primary function of P-405A/B (C6-C10 Tower Bottom Pumps)?
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Describe the role of E-413 (C6 Tower Preheater) in the process.
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What is the purpose of D-411 (Hexene Purification Column Reflux Drum)?
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What type of reactors are R-411A/B (Hexene Reactors)?
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What is the goal of T-411 (Hexene Purification Column)?
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What type of pumps are P-411A/B, and what is their power rating?
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What is the function of the E-409 heat exchanger?
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What are the primary objectives of the T-420 (C8 Tower)?
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What is the purpose of D-420 (C8 Tower Reflux Drum)?
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How does E-430 (C12-C24 Tower Condenser) aid in the operation of T-430?
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What principle do ejectors operate on to create a vacuum?
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What type of pump is used for circulating reflux to the C12-C24 Tower?
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What does the C12-C24 Tower Ejector Interstage Condenser do?
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What is the main function of the C24-C28 Stripper?
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What is the purpose of the C30+ centrifuges in the product processing?
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Study Notes
C6-C10 Tower System Overview
- T-400 (C6-C10 Tower): 5’D x 72’3”L; separates C6-C10 light products from C12-C30 heavy products. Focuses on maintaining C12 concentration in the overhead and C10 concentration in the bottoms.
- D-401 (Coalescer): Removes water from the product stream; 2’D x 9’L with a containment boot.
- E-401 (Feed Preheater): Shell and tube exchanger that heats C6+ feed with 100 psig steam; not used if feed comes directly from T-380.
Vaporization and Condensation
- E-403 (Feed Vaporizer): Vaporizes C6+ feed using 400 psig steam; connected to T-400.
- E-400 (Condenser): Cools and condenses overhead vapor from T-400 using cooling water and provides reflux.
- D-400 (Reflux Drum): 4’D x 20’L; separates reflux liquid for T-400 and non-condensable vapor; collects water into D-430.
Pumping Systems
- P-400A/B (Reflux & Product Pumps): Single-stage centrifugal pumps using 20 HP motors to circulate reflux and route feed.
- E-405 (Reboiler): Kettle-type design; heats T-400 bottoms with Dowtherm.
- P-405A/B (Bottom Pumps): Routes liquid bottoms to T-430; also single-stage centrifugal pumps with 20 HP motors.
C6 Tower Operations
- T-410 (C6 Tower): 4’D x 52’3”L; extracts C6 fraction while controlling C8 and C6 concentrations.
- E-410 (Condenser): Cools overhead vapor with cooling water, providing reflux for T-410.
- D-410 (Reflux Drum): 4’D x 10’L; separates liquid for reflux and feed.
Hexene Processing
- T-411 (Hexene Purification Column): 8’D x 119’L; purifies hexene to ≥99.0% purity, removing contaminants.
- E-406 (Reactor Preheater): Heating hexene feed before R-411A/B reactors.
- R-411A/B (Hexene Reactors): Fixed bed up-flow reactors employing activated alumina to increase boiling points for distillation.
C8 and C12 Towers
- T-420 (C8 Tower): 3’6”D x 76’3”L; separates C8 and C10 while maintaining specifications for concentrations.
- T-430 (C12-C24 Tower): Separates C12-C20 from heavier fractions; focuses on controlling C24, C22, and other concentrations.
Reflux and Product Management
- D-430 (Reflux Drum): Manages reflux for T-430 and condenses non-condensable vapors.
- Z-430/Z-431 (Ejectors): First and second stages reduce pressure overhead for better separation.
- P-430A/B (Pumps): Circulate reflux to T-430 and route feed to T-440.
Final Product Collection
- Z-435A/B (C30+ Centrifuges): Separate heavy polymers from C30+ product using centrifugal force.
- P-833A/B (Clean Product Pumps): Route clean C30+ product to storage using 10 HP motors.
- D-431 (Accumulator): Collects C24-C28 product stream prior to storage.
Staging and Filtering
- F-443/F-430 (Feed Filters): Remove particulates before reaching respective towers.
- E-434 (Exchanger): Transfers heat efficiently between feeds and product streams across multiple processes.### C24-C28 Product Pumps
- P-431A/B pumps are single-stage centrifugal pumps driven by 25 HP, 3550 RPM induction electric motors.
- Installed to route C24-C28 product to storage.
C24-C28 Product Cooler
- E-432 is a shell and tube heat exchanger cooling C24-C28 product.
- Utilizes untreated boiler feed water for cooling on the shell side.
C24-C28 Product Filter
- F-431 is a cartridge type filter removing molecular sieve fines from C24-C28 product before storage.
C12 Tower Setup
- F-444 acts as a feed strainer, removing particulate matter from T-440 feed.
- E-443 preheats the C12 feed using 400 psig steam on the tube side.
C12 Tower Operations
- T-440 separates C12-C24 with a diameter of 4’6” and a length of 81’4”.
- Two control objectives: maintain C14 concentration in overhead product and C12 concentration in bottoms.
- E-440 condenses overhead vapor, providing reflux or routing to storage via D-440.
C12 Tower Vapor Management
- E-441 cools and condenses vent vapor utilizing cooling water on the tube side.
- Z-440 and Z-441 serve as ejectors to reduce overhead pressure in multiple stages.
C12 Pumps and Strainers
- P-440A/B pumps circulate reflux to T-440 and route C12 product to TK-812.
- F-440 filters remove particulate from T-440 feed.
C14 Tower Configuration
- F-453 filters T-450 feed stream for particulates.
- T-450 separates C14-C24 with similar dimensions as T-440, ensuring proper product specification.
C14 Tower Distillation Process
- E-450 and D-450 manage cooling/condensing and reflux, respectively.
- Z-450 and Z-451 function similarly to their C12 counterparts for pressure regulation.
C14 Pumps Functionality
- P-450A/B handle reflux to T-450 and route C14 product to TK-814.
- F-450 and E-452 manage particulate removal and cooling of end products.
C16 Tower Overview
- F-463 ensures clean feed for T-460, which separates C16-C24 at specified concentrations.
- E-460 cools overhead vapor; D-460 serves as a reflux drum.
C16 Management Equipment
- Z-460 and Z-461 regulate vapor pressure through a two-stage ejector setup.
- P-460A/B pumps circulate reflux to T-460 and route C16 products.
C18 Tower System
- F-473 filters particulates from T-470 feed before separation.
- T-470 operates to separate C18-C24 within specified concentration limits.
C18 Tower Heat Management
- E-470 and D-470 cool and condense overhead vapor; E-471 handles vent vapor condensation.
- Z-470 and Z-471 reduce overhead pressure over two stages.
C18 Pumping System
- P-470A/B pumps handle reflux and route C18 products efficiently to storage or other units.
- E-472 cools the C18 product prior to storage.
C20-C24 Heat Recovery and Product Cooling
- E-476 is a kettle-type heat exchanger chilling C20-C24 product with boiler feed water.
- E-477 cools the final product before storage application.
Process Water Components
- D-433 ensures a steady supply of process water; also serves as a vent gas collection point.
- E-433 cools untreated boiler feed water alongside process water.
- E-480 is installed as an after-condenser for the common ejector, enhancing efficiency.
- P-433A/B pumps route process water to several applications for effective cleaning and wash operations.
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Description
This quiz covers the C6-C10 Tower System, including its components like the T-400, D-401, and E-403 systems, focusing on their functions and interconnections. Test your understanding of vaporization, condensation, and pumping systems within the context of the C6-C10 tower operations.
