Questions and Answers
What is individualism?
What is social Darwinism?
A philosophy asserting that humans have developed through competition and natural selection, with only the strongest surviving.
What is philanthropy?
What is a settlement house?
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What is Americanization?
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What was the impact on the standard of living of immigrants who arrived in the U.S.?
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What services did the Salvation Army provide?
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What is the Gilded Age?
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Match the following terms with their definitions:
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Study Notes
Individualism
- Belief in the potential for success regardless of one's background through hard work.
- Key principle of American culture, emphasizing self-reliance and personal achievement.
Social Darwinism
- Philosophy derived from Charles Darwin's theories on evolution and natural selection.
- Asserts that human development occurs through competition, with the strongest surviving.
- Social Darwinists oppose government intervention in societal issues, believing it undermines natural progression.
Philanthropy
- Involves donating money to help humanitarian or social causes.
- Associated with wealthy individuals who direct their fortunes towards community betterment.
Settlement House
- Community institutions located in impoverished neighborhoods.
- Offer various services including medical care, childcare, libraries, and English language classes.
Americanization
- The process of assimilating individuals into American cultural traits and characteristics.
- Aimed at integrating immigrants into U.S. society through education and cultural exchange.
Gospel of Wealth vs. Social Gospel
- The Gospel of Wealth, advocated by Andrew Carnegie, promotes using wealth to create opportunities for others through philanthropy rather than direct aid.
- The Social Gospel emphasizes improving society through charity and justice, inspiring churches to provide community programs and support for the needy.
Impact on Immigrants' Standard of Living
- Despite challenging living conditions, most immigrants found an improvement in their standard of living upon arriving in the U.S.
- Contributes to the narrative of the American Dream and the promise of a better life.
Salvation Army
- Organization providing practical support and religious counseling to the urban poor.
- Services often target the most vulnerable populations in cities.
Gilded Age
- Period roughly from 1870 to 1900 marked by technological advancements and urbanization alongside significant societal challenges.
- Named by Mark Twain and Charles Warner to highlight the superficial prosperity concealing deep social issues like crime, poverty, and corruption.
- Described as "gilded" for its appearance of wealth while masking significant disparities between the rich and the poor.
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Description
Test your understanding of key philosophical terms with these flashcards. This quiz includes definitions for individualism, social darwinism, and philanthropy. Perfect for reinforcing your knowledge!
