C Programming Language Overview
48 Questions
1 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the size in bytes of a long double data type?

  • 8
  • 10 (correct)
  • 4
  • 12

Which variable type is capable of holding the range from -32768 to +32767?

  • unsigned int
  • long int
  • char
  • short int (correct)

What keyword cannot be used as a variable name in C?

  • number
  • int (correct)
  • Variable
  • Data

Which of the following is a correct syntax for variable declaration in C?

<p>int Value1, Value2; (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum value of an unsigned short int?

<p>65535 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of C as a programming language?

<p>C offers strong memory management. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes C as a structured programming language?

<p>C allows division of complex problems into smaller modules. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which data type is primarily used for storing decimal values in C?

<p>float (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many significant characters are considered in a variable name in C?

<p>32 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following categories does NOT fall under the character set in C?

<p>Accented characters (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of keywords in C programming?

<p>They are special words with fixed meanings. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following variable names is valid in C?

<p>number_1 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of constant in C?

<p>Variable (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes C as a middle level programming language?

<p>It combines features of high-level and low-level languages. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by tokens in C programming?

<p>Tokens are the smallest meaningful elements for the compiler. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the C programming language?

<p>High-level abstraction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a valid keyword in C?

<p>variable (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about structured programming?

<p>It focuses on the division of a system into small logical modules. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of programming structure does C employ?

<p>Modular structure programming (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What section of a C program provides comments for documentation purposes?

<p>Documentation Section (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In C programming, what does the Link Section do?

<p>Links the program to external libraries and functions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the basic structure of a C program contains the actual code that runs?

<p>Executable part (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which language is considered a prime example of a modular programming language?

<p>C (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main benefits of modular programming in C?

<p>Enhances code readability and maintainability. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a valid integer constant?

<p>-1223 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct representation of a real constant in scientific notation?

<p>6.8et4 (A), -8.g2E-1 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes character constants in C?

<p>They are always enclosed in single quotes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about identifiers in C is correct?

<p>Identifiers can include alphabets and underscores. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is stored in memory as ASCII values?

<p>Character constants (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the size of a double data type in C?

<p>8 bytes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a valid variable name in C?

<p>variable-name (A), 2ndVariable (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which data type has a range of -32768 to +32768?

<p>int (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct syntax for declaring and initializing an integer variable at the same time?

<p>int length=5; (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements correctly initializes a double variable?

<p>double d = 345.6789; (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What function is used to take input from the user in C?

<p>scanf() (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In C, what type of conversion is performed automatically by the compiler?

<p>Implicit Type Conversion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which line of code correctly outputs the character variable initialized as 'N'?

<p>printf('%c', c); (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the getch() function in a C program?

<p>To wait for a key press before continuing execution. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What will be the output of the code snippet: printf(" Addition of a and b is : ", sum);?

<p>It will not output anything. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes explicit type conversion?

<p>Conversion that occurs through a cast operator. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of implicit type conversion when assigning a short integer to an integer variable?

<p>Value is preserved without change (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of explicit type conversion?

<p>It forcefully converts one data type to another (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents a correct syntax for explicit type conversion?

<p>(float)a/b (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of converting from a larger data type to a smaller data type?

<p>Data loss may occur (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What describes a symbolic constant in C?

<p>A named constant whose value cannot be modified (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When two numbers are divided in C, how does explicit conversion affect the result?

<p>It results in a float value with greater precision (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of multiplying an integer with a float in C?

<p>A float result with more precision (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method can be used to define constants in C?

<p>Using symbolic constants or the const keyword (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Programming

A set of instructions for a computer to follow.

Computer Programming

The process of designing and creating computer programs.

C Programming Language

A general-purpose, middle-level programming language.

Structured Programming

A programming approach that breaks down problems into smaller, manageable parts. (modular)

Signup and view all the flashcards

Modular Programming

Dividing a program into smaller, independent program modules.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Procedural Programming

Programming style relying on procedures or functions.

Signup and view all the flashcards

C Language Characteristics

Simple, small, structured, middle-level, portable, modular, case-sensitive.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Basic C Program Structure

Documentation, preprocessor directives, global declarations, main() function, subprograms, etc.

Signup and view all the flashcards

C Language Features

C is a robust, portable, flexible language with built-in functions, structured programming, and a character set.

Signup and view all the flashcards

C Data Types

C has various data types like integers, floats, characters, and strings to represent different kinds of information.

Signup and view all the flashcards

C Keywords

Keywords are reserved words in C with predefined meanings, like 'int', 'float', 'if', 'else'.

Signup and view all the flashcards

C Constants

Constants in C are fixed values that don't change during program execution

Signup and view all the flashcards

Tokens in C

The smallest parts of a C program that have meaning to the compiler.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Integer Constant

Whole numbers in C programming. Example: 10, 500

Signup and view all the flashcards

Numeric Constants in C

Values represented as numbers in C (like integer, and real numbers).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Character Set in C

The set of characters used in C programming, including letters, digits, special characters, and whitespace characters.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Real Constants

Decimal numbers in C, including those in scientific notation. They're stored as floating-point values.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Character Constants

Single characters enclosed in single quotes in C. Stored using ASCII values.

Signup and view all the flashcards

String Constants

Sequences of characters enclosed in double quotes in C. Used to represent texts.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Identifiers

Names given to variables, functions, and other program elements in C. Use letters, numbers, and underscores.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Variables

Named memory locations in C that can store data values that can change.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Data Types (char)

A data type in C that stores a single character (letter, number, symbol).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Data Types (int)

A data type in C that stores whole numbers (integers).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Integer Data Type

Used to store whole numbers without decimal points. Examples: int, short int, long int, unsigned int.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Floating-point Data Type

Used to store numbers with decimal points, representing real numbers. Examples: float, double, long double.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Character Data Type

Used to store single characters enclosed within single quotes. Examples: 'A', 'b', '1', '!'

Signup and view all the flashcards

Variable Declaration

The process of informing the compiler about the data type and name of a variable before using it in a program.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Variable Initialization

Assigning an initial value to a variable during declaration or later in the program.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are qualifiers?

Keywords that modify the size and range of basic data types.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the difference between signed and unsigned data types?

Signed data types can store both positive and negative values, while unsigned data types can only store non-negative values.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Dynamic Initialization

Setting the initial value of a variable at runtime, typically based on user input.

Signup and view all the flashcards

scanf() Function

A C function that reads input from the user (keyboard) and stores it in a variable.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Type Conversion

Changing a variable's data type to another type, either automatically (implicit) or manually (explicit).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Implicit Conversion

Automatic type conversion done by the compiler when a smaller data type is used where a larger one is expected (e.g., an integer used for a floating-point calculation).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Explicit Conversion

Type conversion done by the programmer using a cast operator, allowing specific control over data type changes.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Type Promotion

A type of implicit conversion where a smaller data type is automatically promoted to a larger type to avoid data loss during operations.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Implicit Type Conversion

Automatic conversion of a value from one data type to another, usually from a smaller data type to a larger one. The original value is preserved as much as possible.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Explicit Type Conversion

Manually forcing a value to be converted to a different data type. This can cause data loss if the new data type is smaller than the original.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Data Loss (Type Conversion)

Information loss that occurs when converting a value from a larger data type to a smaller one, since the smaller data type cannot hold the full range of values.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Symbolic Constants

Named values in C that are defined once and cannot be changed during program execution. They provide better readability and maintainability.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Constants in C

Values in a C program that are fixed and their values don't change during execution. They can be declared using the 'const' keyword or using symbolic constant definitions.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Volatile Variable

A variable in C whose value can be changed outside the control of the current code. This tells the compiler to always read the variable's value from memory, even if it seems unnecessary.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

What is Programming?

  • A program is a set of instructions written in a language a computer understands.
  • Programming is the process of writing these instructions.

Computer Programming

  • Designing and building an executable computer program for a specific task is computer programming.

C Programming Language

  • C is a middle-level, general-purpose programming language.
  • It's used to develop portable applications.
  • It was developed in 1972 by Dennis Ritchie at Bell Labs.

Structured Programming

  • Facilitates program understanding and modification.
  • Uses a top-down approach (dividing a system into subsystems or modules).
  • Also known as modular programming.
  • Examples include languages like ALGOL, Pascal, and C.
  • C is structured/procedural/modular because its language is divided into functions.

Characteristics of the C Language

  • Simple and clear
  • Small size
  • Structured language
  • Middle-level language
  • Portable
  • Modular
  • Case sensitive
  • Easy error detection

Basic Structure of a C Program

  • Documentation Section: Comments explaining the program.
  • Link Section: Instructions for linking functions from the system (#include).
  • Definition Section: Defines symbolic constants (e.g., #define).
  • Global Declaration Section: Declares global variables outside all functions.
  • main() Function Section: Contains the program's entry point.
  • Declaration part inside the main function declares variables.
  • Executable part inside the main function contains the program's statements.
  • Subprogram Section: Contains user-defined functions.

main() Function Section

  • Every C program must have a main() function.
  • Contains a declaration part and an executable part.
  • Declaration part declares variables used in the executable part.
  • Executable part is enclosed in opening/closing braces.

Input/Output statements

  • Input means providing data to the program.
  • Output means displaying data on the screen.
  • Statements for input/output (e.g., scanf(), printf()) are defined in header files like stdio.h.
  • Header files are necessary to include the required functions for input/output.

Standard Directories in C

  • The C Standard Libraries (or directories) provide built-in functions (string, math, input/output, memory management, etc.).
  • stdio.h header file contains functions to do input and output processing.

Benefits of C Programming

  • Middle-level language: Combines high and low-level language features.
  • Building block for other languages: C is the basis for many other languages such as Python, C++, and Java.
  • Powerful and efficient: Contains many data types and operators for various operations.
  • Portable: Runs on various machines.
  • Built-in functions and keywords: Includes built-in functions and 32 keywords which help to build programs.
  • Structured programming: Divides complex problems into smaller modules (functions).

Character Set in C

  • Uppercase and lowercase letters
  • Digits (0-9)
  • Special characters (e.g., ; { }, etc.)
  • White spaces (e.g., tabs (\t), newline \n)

Tokens in C

  • The smallest meaningful elements (keywords, operators, punctuation, constants, etc.) in a C program.

Keywords and Constants

  • Keywords are special words with predefined meanings in C.
  • Constants are fixed values that cannot be changed.

Integer Constants

  • Represent whole numbers.
  • Can use digits 0-9 and optional signs (+ or -) .

Real Constants

  • Represent decimal numbers (with digits after the decimal point).

Character Constants

  • Represent a single character enclosed in single quotes.

String Constants

  • Represent a sequence of characters enclosed in double quotes.

Identifiers

  • User-defined names (variables, functions, arrays) using letters, digits, and underscores (cannot start with digits).
  • Identifiers must not be the same as keywords.

Variables

  • Placeholders in memory to store data temporarily in C.
  • Variables have unique identifiers.
  • Data types specify the type of variable.

Data Types in C

  • Data types determine the size a variable occupies in memory, its range, and operations that can be performed.
  • There are basic data types (like int, float, char) and derived (more advanced) data types.

Rules for Variable Names

  • A variable name can contain letters, digits, and underscore.
  • Variable names always start with letters.
  • Keywords cannot be used as variable names.
  • Names are case sensitive (e.g., count and Count are different).

Declaration and Initialization of Variables

  • Declare a variable by specifying its data type and name.

  • Initialize a variable by assigning it a value at the same time you declare it.

Dynamic Initialization

  • Variables can be initialized at run time using the scanf() function.

Type Conversion

  • Converting a variable from one data type to another.
    • Implicit conversion (automatic)
    • Explicit conversion (manual, type casting)(casting)

Constants in C

  • Fixed values that cannot be changed in a program during execution.
    • Symbolic constants
    • Constants defined with the const keyword.

Volatile Variables

  • Volatile variables are useful for controlling hardware registers, or data that can be modified by external sources.

Comments

  • Comments explain the code (human-readable descriptions) and are ignored by the compiler.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

Unit 2 Fundamental of C Programming PDF

Description

This quiz explores the fundamentals of programming, focusing specifically on the C programming language. You'll learn about programming concepts, structured programming, and the key characteristics that make C a versatile and powerful language. Test your knowledge and see how well you understand the basics of C programming.

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser