Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the size in bytes of a long double data type?
What is the size in bytes of a long double data type?
- 8
- 10 (correct)
- 4
- 12
Which variable type is capable of holding the range from -32768 to +32767?
Which variable type is capable of holding the range from -32768 to +32767?
- unsigned int
- long int
- char
- short int (correct)
What keyword cannot be used as a variable name in C?
What keyword cannot be used as a variable name in C?
- number
- int (correct)
- Variable
- Data
Which of the following is a correct syntax for variable declaration in C?
Which of the following is a correct syntax for variable declaration in C?
What is the maximum value of an unsigned short int?
What is the maximum value of an unsigned short int?
What is a characteristic of C as a programming language?
What is a characteristic of C as a programming language?
Which of the following describes C as a structured programming language?
Which of the following describes C as a structured programming language?
Which data type is primarily used for storing decimal values in C?
Which data type is primarily used for storing decimal values in C?
How many significant characters are considered in a variable name in C?
How many significant characters are considered in a variable name in C?
Which of the following categories does NOT fall under the character set in C?
Which of the following categories does NOT fall under the character set in C?
What is the purpose of keywords in C programming?
What is the purpose of keywords in C programming?
Which of the following variable names is valid in C?
Which of the following variable names is valid in C?
Which of the following is NOT a type of constant in C?
Which of the following is NOT a type of constant in C?
What distinguishes C as a middle level programming language?
What distinguishes C as a middle level programming language?
What is meant by tokens in C programming?
What is meant by tokens in C programming?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the C programming language?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the C programming language?
Which of the following is NOT a valid keyword in C?
Which of the following is NOT a valid keyword in C?
Which of the following statements is true about structured programming?
Which of the following statements is true about structured programming?
What kind of programming structure does C employ?
What kind of programming structure does C employ?
What section of a C program provides comments for documentation purposes?
What section of a C program provides comments for documentation purposes?
In C programming, what does the Link Section do?
In C programming, what does the Link Section do?
Which part of the basic structure of a C program contains the actual code that runs?
Which part of the basic structure of a C program contains the actual code that runs?
Which language is considered a prime example of a modular programming language?
Which language is considered a prime example of a modular programming language?
What is one of the main benefits of modular programming in C?
What is one of the main benefits of modular programming in C?
Which of the following is a valid integer constant?
Which of the following is a valid integer constant?
What is the correct representation of a real constant in scientific notation?
What is the correct representation of a real constant in scientific notation?
Which of the following describes character constants in C?
Which of the following describes character constants in C?
Which statement about identifiers in C is correct?
Which statement about identifiers in C is correct?
What is stored in memory as ASCII values?
What is stored in memory as ASCII values?
What is the size of a double data type in C?
What is the size of a double data type in C?
Which of the following is NOT a valid variable name in C?
Which of the following is NOT a valid variable name in C?
Which data type has a range of -32768 to +32768?
Which data type has a range of -32768 to +32768?
What is the correct syntax for declaring and initializing an integer variable at the same time?
What is the correct syntax for declaring and initializing an integer variable at the same time?
Which of the following statements correctly initializes a double variable?
Which of the following statements correctly initializes a double variable?
What function is used to take input from the user in C?
What function is used to take input from the user in C?
In C, what type of conversion is performed automatically by the compiler?
In C, what type of conversion is performed automatically by the compiler?
Which line of code correctly outputs the character variable initialized as 'N'?
Which line of code correctly outputs the character variable initialized as 'N'?
What is the purpose of the getch() function in a C program?
What is the purpose of the getch() function in a C program?
What will be the output of the code snippet: printf("
Addition of a and b is : ", sum);?
What will be the output of the code snippet: printf(" Addition of a and b is : ", sum);?
Which of the following describes explicit type conversion?
Which of the following describes explicit type conversion?
What is the result of implicit type conversion when assigning a short integer to an integer variable?
What is the result of implicit type conversion when assigning a short integer to an integer variable?
What is the main characteristic of explicit type conversion?
What is the main characteristic of explicit type conversion?
Which of the following represents a correct syntax for explicit type conversion?
Which of the following represents a correct syntax for explicit type conversion?
What is a potential consequence of converting from a larger data type to a smaller data type?
What is a potential consequence of converting from a larger data type to a smaller data type?
What describes a symbolic constant in C?
What describes a symbolic constant in C?
When two numbers are divided in C, how does explicit conversion affect the result?
When two numbers are divided in C, how does explicit conversion affect the result?
What is the result of multiplying an integer with a float in C?
What is the result of multiplying an integer with a float in C?
Which method can be used to define constants in C?
Which method can be used to define constants in C?
Flashcards
Programming
Programming
A set of instructions for a computer to follow.
Computer Programming
Computer Programming
The process of designing and creating computer programs.
C Programming Language
C Programming Language
A general-purpose, middle-level programming language.
Structured Programming
Structured Programming
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Modular Programming
Modular Programming
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Procedural Programming
Procedural Programming
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C Language Characteristics
C Language Characteristics
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Basic C Program Structure
Basic C Program Structure
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C Language Features
C Language Features
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C Data Types
C Data Types
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C Keywords
C Keywords
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C Constants
C Constants
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Tokens in C
Tokens in C
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Integer Constant
Integer Constant
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Numeric Constants in C
Numeric Constants in C
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Character Set in C
Character Set in C
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Real Constants
Real Constants
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Character Constants
Character Constants
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String Constants
String Constants
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Identifiers
Identifiers
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Variables
Variables
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Data Types (char)
Data Types (char)
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Data Types (int)
Data Types (int)
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Integer Data Type
Integer Data Type
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Floating-point Data Type
Floating-point Data Type
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Character Data Type
Character Data Type
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Variable Declaration
Variable Declaration
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Variable Initialization
Variable Initialization
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What are qualifiers?
What are qualifiers?
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What is the difference between signed and unsigned data types?
What is the difference between signed and unsigned data types?
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Dynamic Initialization
Dynamic Initialization
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scanf() Function
scanf() Function
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Type Conversion
Type Conversion
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Implicit Conversion
Implicit Conversion
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Explicit Conversion
Explicit Conversion
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Type Promotion
Type Promotion
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Implicit Type Conversion
Implicit Type Conversion
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Explicit Type Conversion
Explicit Type Conversion
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Data Loss (Type Conversion)
Data Loss (Type Conversion)
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Symbolic Constants
Symbolic Constants
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Constants in C
Constants in C
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Volatile Variable
Volatile Variable
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Study Notes
What is Programming?
- A program is a set of instructions written in a language a computer understands.
- Programming is the process of writing these instructions.
Computer Programming
- Designing and building an executable computer program for a specific task is computer programming.
C Programming Language
- C is a middle-level, general-purpose programming language.
- It's used to develop portable applications.
- It was developed in 1972 by Dennis Ritchie at Bell Labs.
Structured Programming
- Facilitates program understanding and modification.
- Uses a top-down approach (dividing a system into subsystems or modules).
- Also known as modular programming.
- Examples include languages like ALGOL, Pascal, and C.
- C is structured/procedural/modular because its language is divided into functions.
Characteristics of the C Language
- Simple and clear
- Small size
- Structured language
- Middle-level language
- Portable
- Modular
- Case sensitive
- Easy error detection
Basic Structure of a C Program
- Documentation Section: Comments explaining the program.
- Link Section: Instructions for linking functions from the system (#include).
- Definition Section: Defines symbolic constants (e.g., #define).
- Global Declaration Section: Declares global variables outside all functions.
- main() Function Section: Contains the program's entry point.
- Declaration part inside the
main
function declares variables. - Executable part inside the
main
function contains the program's statements. - Subprogram Section: Contains user-defined functions.
main() Function Section
- Every C program must have a
main()
function. - Contains a declaration part and an executable part.
- Declaration part declares variables used in the executable part.
- Executable part is enclosed in opening/closing braces.
Input/Output statements
- Input means providing data to the program.
- Output means displaying data on the screen.
- Statements for input/output (e.g.,
scanf()
,printf()
) are defined in header files likestdio.h
. - Header files are necessary to include the required functions for input/output.
Standard Directories in C
- The C Standard Libraries (or directories) provide built-in functions (string, math, input/output, memory management, etc.).
stdio.h
header file contains functions to do input and output processing.
Benefits of C Programming
- Middle-level language: Combines high and low-level language features.
- Building block for other languages: C is the basis for many other languages such as Python, C++, and Java.
- Powerful and efficient: Contains many data types and operators for various operations.
- Portable: Runs on various machines.
- Built-in functions and keywords: Includes built-in functions and 32 keywords which help to build programs.
- Structured programming: Divides complex problems into smaller modules (functions).
Character Set in C
- Uppercase and lowercase letters
- Digits (0-9)
- Special characters (e.g., ; { }, etc.)
- White spaces (e.g., tabs (\t), newline \n)
Tokens in C
- The smallest meaningful elements (keywords, operators, punctuation, constants, etc.) in a C program.
Keywords and Constants
- Keywords are special words with predefined meanings in C.
- Constants are fixed values that cannot be changed.
Integer Constants
- Represent whole numbers.
- Can use digits 0-9 and optional signs (+ or -) .
Real Constants
- Represent decimal numbers (with digits after the decimal point).
Character Constants
- Represent a single character enclosed in single quotes.
String Constants
- Represent a sequence of characters enclosed in double quotes.
Identifiers
- User-defined names (variables, functions, arrays) using letters, digits, and underscores (cannot start with digits).
- Identifiers must not be the same as keywords.
Variables
- Placeholders in memory to store data temporarily in C.
- Variables have unique identifiers.
- Data types specify the type of variable.
Data Types in C
- Data types determine the size a variable occupies in memory, its range, and operations that can be performed.
- There are basic data types (like
int
,float
,char
) and derived (more advanced) data types.
Rules for Variable Names
- A variable name can contain letters, digits, and underscore.
- Variable names always start with letters.
- Keywords cannot be used as variable names.
- Names are case sensitive (e.g.,
count
andCount
are different).
Declaration and Initialization of Variables
-
Declare a variable by specifying its data type and name.
-
Initialize a variable by assigning it a value at the same time you declare it.
Dynamic Initialization
- Variables can be initialized at run time using the
scanf()
function.
Type Conversion
- Converting a variable from one data type to another.
- Implicit conversion (automatic)
- Explicit conversion (manual, type casting)(casting)
Constants in C
- Fixed values that cannot be changed in a program during execution.
- Symbolic constants
- Constants defined with the
const
keyword.
Volatile Variables
- Volatile variables are useful for controlling hardware registers, or data that can be modified by external sources.
Comments
- Comments explain the code (human-readable descriptions) and are ignored by the compiler.
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Description
This quiz explores the fundamentals of programming, focusing specifically on the C programming language. You'll learn about programming concepts, structured programming, and the key characteristics that make C a versatile and powerful language. Test your knowledge and see how well you understand the basics of C programming.