C Programming Fundamentals
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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of the CPU in a computer?

  • To allocate memory
  • To input/output data
  • To store data and program instructions
  • To execute instructions (correct)

    • What is the data type of a variable that can hold a memory address?

  • char
  • float
  • pointer (correct)
  • int

    • What is the purpose of the Memory component in a computer?

  • To allocate CPU resources
  • To input/output data
  • To store data and program instructions (correct)
  • To execute instructions

    • What is an example of a derived data type in C?

    <p>array</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the return type of a function that doesn't return a value in C?

    <p>void</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when a function is invoked in a program?

    <p>The function is called</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of cache memory?

    <p>To act as a buffer between registers and main memory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of function is printf() in C?

    <p>Library function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of registers in a computer's memory hierarchy?

    <p>To provide fast, internal memory for the CPU</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for values passed to a function when it's called in a program?

    <p>Function arguments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Data Types

    Primitive Data Types in C:

    • int: integer, whole numbers (e.g., 1, 2, 3, etc.)
    • float: floating-point numbers (e.g., 3.14, -0.5, etc.)
    • char: single character (e.g., 'a', 'A', '0', etc.)
    • double: double precision floating-point numbers (e.g., 3.14159, -0.0005, etc.)
    • void: no value, used for functions that don't return a value

    Derived Data Types in C:

    • array: a collection of values of the same type (e.g., int scores[5];)
    • pointer: a variable that holds a memory address (e.g., int *ptr;)
    • structure: a collection of values of different types (e.g., struct Person { int age; char name[20]; };)

    Computer Architecture

    Basic Components:

    • CPU (Central Processing Unit): executes instructions
    • Memory: stores data and program instructions
    • Input/Output Devices: keyboards, monitors, printers, etc.

    Memory Hierarchy:

    • Registers: small, fast memory inside the CPU
    • Cache Memory: small, fast memory between registers and main memory
    • Main Memory: larger, slower memory for data and program instructions
    • Secondary Storage: slow, non-volatile memory for data storage (e.g., hard drives, SSDs)

    Functions in C

    Function Definition:

    • A block of code that performs a specific task
    • Consists of a function name, return type, and parameters (if any)

    Function Types:

    • Library Functions: pre-written functions in the C standard library (e.g., printf(), scanf())
    • User-Defined Functions: created by the programmer to perform specific tasks

    Function Calling:

    • Function Call: when a function is invoked in the program
    • Function Arguments: values passed to a function when it's called
    • Function Return: value returned by a function to the calling program

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of C programming basics, including data types, computer architecture, and functions in C. Learn about primitive and derived data types, memory hierarchy, and function definitions and types.

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