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Questions and Answers
What is the purpose of the CPU in a computer?
What is the data type of a variable that can hold a memory address?
What is the purpose of the Memory component in a computer?
What is an example of a derived data type in C?
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What is the return type of a function that doesn't return a value in C?
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What happens when a function is invoked in a program?
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What is the primary purpose of cache memory?
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What type of function is printf() in C?
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What is the purpose of registers in a computer's memory hierarchy?
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What is the term for values passed to a function when it's called in a program?
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Study Notes
Data Types
Primitive Data Types in C:
-
int: integer, whole numbers (e.g., 1, 2, 3, etc.) -
float: floating-point numbers (e.g., 3.14, -0.5, etc.) -
char: single character (e.g., 'a', 'A', '0', etc.) -
double: double precision floating-point numbers (e.g., 3.14159, -0.0005, etc.) -
void: no value, used for functions that don't return a value
Derived Data Types in C:
-
array: a collection of values of the same type (e.g.,int scores[5];) -
pointer: a variable that holds a memory address (e.g.,int *ptr;) -
structure: a collection of values of different types (e.g.,struct Person { int age; char name[20]; };)
Computer Architecture
Basic Components:
- CPU (Central Processing Unit): executes instructions
- Memory: stores data and program instructions
- Input/Output Devices: keyboards, monitors, printers, etc.
Memory Hierarchy:
- Registers: small, fast memory inside the CPU
- Cache Memory: small, fast memory between registers and main memory
- Main Memory: larger, slower memory for data and program instructions
- Secondary Storage: slow, non-volatile memory for data storage (e.g., hard drives, SSDs)
Functions in C
Function Definition:
- A block of code that performs a specific task
- Consists of a function name, return type, and parameters (if any)
Function Types:
-
Library Functions: pre-written functions in the C standard library (e.g.,
printf(),scanf()) - User-Defined Functions: created by the programmer to perform specific tasks
Function Calling:
- Function Call: when a function is invoked in the program
- Function Arguments: values passed to a function when it's called
- Function Return: value returned by a function to the calling program
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Description
Test your knowledge of C programming basics, including data types, computer architecture, and functions in C. Learn about primitive and derived data types, memory hierarchy, and function definitions and types.
