C++ Programming Basics Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of a programming language?

  • To communicate instructions to a computer (correct)
  • To develop database schemas
  • To design user interfaces
  • To create graphics and animations

    • Which of the following describes an interpreter?

  • Is only used for debugging programs
  • Converts the entire high-level code at once
  • Translates assembly language to machine code
  • Converts high-level language line by line (correct)

    • Which of the following tasks is NOT a key element of programming?

  • Debugging the operating system (correct)
  • Analyzing problems and designing solutions
  • Creating step-by-step instructions
  • Using a programming language

    • What is the role of an assembler in programming?

    <p>To convert assembly language into machine language (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes a high-level programming language?

    <p>It is user-friendly and abstracts hardware details (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the GCC stand for in the context of programming languages?

    <p>GNU Compiler Collection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which programming language is generally considered low-level?

    <p>Assembly Language (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key distinguishing feature of compilers compared to interpreters?

    <p>They are faster in execution (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the size of the wchar_t data type in C++?

    <p>2 bytes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which boolean value is represented by the keyword in C++?

    <p>true (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the void keyword signify in C++?

    <p>The absence of a value (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type modifier can be applied to modify a data type in C++?

    <p>long (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the range for an unsigned short data type?

    <p>0 to 65,535 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What error will occur if you try to assign a value to a short type that exceeds its range?

    <p>Overflow error (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following data types guarantees a range of -127 to 127?

    <p>signed char (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many bytes does a long double typically occupy in C++?

    <p>12 bytes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if you try to change the value of a constant declared with the keyword const?

    <p>It will result in a compile-time error. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the size of the fundamental data type 'char' in C++?

    <p>1 byte (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following types is used to store floating-point numbers?

    <p>float (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum positive value that can be stored in a standard 4-byte integer (int) in C++?

    <p>$2147483647$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many bytes does a 'double' data type use in C++?

    <p>8 bytes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a valid declaration of a boolean variable in C++?

    <p>bool test = true; (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What keyword is used to declare a variable that can hold a single character in C++?

    <p>char (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the combined value of $45E12$ in decimal form?

    <p>$4500000000000$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of C++ as a programming language?

    <p>To develop applications with high-performance capabilities. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature distinguishes C++ from C?

    <p>Utilization of classes and objects. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who developed C++ as an extension to the C programming language?

    <p>Bjarne Stroustrup (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What indicates that a C++ program has been executed successfully?

    <p>The output states 'Process returned 0'. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following versions of C++ was released in 2017?

    <p>C++17 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in creating a new C++ file in Code Blocks?

    <p>Go to File &gt; New &gt; Empty File (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What element is necessary in a simple C++ program to display output on the console?

    <p>cout (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is C++ considered an object-oriented programming language?

    <p>It allows for code reusability through classes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly represents a hexadecimal literal in C++?

    <p>0x2a (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of octal literals in C++?

    <p>They start with the prefix 0. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a valid escape sequence in C++?

    <p>\t (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of using the string literal 'Earth is round\n' in a C++ program?

    <p>It prints 'Earth is round' followed by a newline. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which floating-point literal correctly represents an exponent?

    <p>-0.22e-5 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the const keyword within a variable declaration signify?

    <p>The variable is a constant and cannot be changed. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not considered an integer literal type in C++?

    <p>Binary (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of escape sequences in C++?

    <p>They represent special characters or formatting. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of an algorithm?

    <p>To represent a step-by-step process for solving a problem (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes a variable in C++?

    <p>A container to hold data that can change value (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of variables in programming?

    <p>Their values can be changed after declaration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a valid variable name in C++?

    <p>1name (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are literals in C++ programming?

    <p>References to fixed values used directly in the code (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is an example of a correct literal in C++?

    <p>3.14 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the preferred naming convention for variables in C++?

    <p>Lowercase letters first (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what scenario should a keyword not be used as a variable name?

    <p>Because they are reserved for special use in the language (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    C++

    A cross-platform programming language for high-performance applications.

    C++ Updates

    C++ was updated majorly in 2011, 2014, 2017, and 2020 to new standards.

    Object-Oriented Programming

    C++ supports OOP, allowing code reuse and structure.

    Difference between C and C++

    C++ supports classes and objects; C does not.

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    CodeBlocks IDE

    An integrated development environment for writing and running C++ code.

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    First C++ Program

    The basic program structure starts with #include and a main function.

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    High Performance Applications

    C++ is used to create applications that operate efficiently with system resources.

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    Portability of C++

    C++ can develop applications adaptable to multiple platforms.

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    Programming

    The process of creating instructions for a computer to follow.

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    Instructions

    Step-by-step guidelines that direct a computer's actions.

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    Programming Language

    Formal languages used to communicate instructions to a computer.

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    Low Level Language

    Languages that are closer to machine language, like assembly and machine language itself.

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    High Level Language

    Languages that are more user-friendly, like C++, Java, and C#.

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    Compiler

    A program that translates the entire high-level language code into machine language at once.

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    Interpreter

    A program that translates high-level language code into machine language one line at a time.

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    Assembler

    A program that converts assembly language code into machine language.

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    Algorithm

    A step-by-step method for solving a problem.

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    Variable

    A storage container in programming that holds data.

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    Data Types

    Categories that specify the type of data a variable can hold.

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    Literals

    Fixed values used directly in the code.

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    C++ Syntax for Variables

    Defines the structure to declare variables in C++.

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    Variable Naming Rules

    Guidelines for creating valid variable names.

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    Integer Literal

    A whole number without fractional or exponential parts.

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    const keyword

    Used to declare a constant that cannot be changed.

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    #define directive

    A preprocessor directive to create constants in C++.

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    int data type

    Used for integers, generally size of 2 or 4 bytes.

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    float data type

    Used for floating-point numbers, size of 4 bytes.

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    double data type

    Used for double precision floating-point numbers, size of 8 bytes.

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    char data type

    Used for a single character, size of 1 byte; enclosed in single quotes.

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    bool data type

    Used for Boolean values, size of 1 byte; true or false.

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    Decimal Literal

    An integer literal expressed in base 10, e.g., 0, -9.

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    Octal Literal

    An integer literal expressed in base 8, starting with 0.

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    Hexadecimal Literal

    An integer literal in base 16, prefixed by 0x, e.g., 0x2a.

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    Floating-Point Literal

    Numeric literals that represent a real number, can have decimals or exponents.

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    Character Literal

    A single character enclosed in single quotes, e.g., 'a'.

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    Escape Sequences

    Special character codes used to represent non-printable characters in C++.

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    String Literal

    A sequence of characters enclosed in double quotes, e.g., "good".

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    wchar_t

    A wide character type that uses 2 bytes to represent characters.

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    bool

    A data type that can hold one of two values: true or false.

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    void

    Indicates no value or absence of data in C++.

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    signed

    Type modifier indicating a variable can store both positive and negative values.

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    unsigned

    Type modifier allowing variables to store only positive values.

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    short

    Used for small integers, typically 2 bytes in size.

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    long

    Data type used for larger integers, typically 4 bytes or more.

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    long double

    A data type for large floating-point numbers, typically 12 bytes.

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    Study Notes

    Lab Manual: C++ Programming Fundamental

    • Lab Manual Title: Lab Manual: C++ Programming Fundamental
    • Author: Ms Sidra Khalid
    • Institution: GSCWU BWP (Sadiq College Women University Bahawalpur, Pakistan)

    Week 01: Installation & Overview

    • What is Programming? The process of creating sets of instructions that tell a computer what to do. It involves writing code using a programming language
    • What is Computer Language? Code or syntax to write programs
    • Key Elements of Programming Instructions, Language, Problem Solving
    • Programming Languages Formal languages designed to communicate instructions to a computer. Examples: Python, Java, C++, Kotlin.
    • Low-level Language Machine Language, Assembly Language
    • High-level Language: C, C++, java, C# etc
    • Language Processors: Assembler, Compiler, Interpreter
    • Compiler Vs Interpreter Compiler converts the entire high-level language program into machine code at once. Interpreter converts high-level language program into machine code line by line.
    • C++ Compiler: GCC (GNU Compiler Collection) mainly used for C and C++
    • Installation of IDE (Integrated Development Environment): Code::Blocks is a free and cross-platform IDE. Download latest version from codeblocks.org/downloads
    • Installation Steps: Steps for downloading and installing the Code::Blocks IDE, video tutorials provided on YouTube.

    Week 02: Introduction to Problem Solving & Variables & Keywords

    • Algorithm: A step-by-step process for solving a problem
    • Characteristics of an Algorithm: Well-defined inputs, Well-defined outputs, Finite-ness, Feasible, Clear and Unambiguous, Language Independent.
    • Example: C++ algorithm for adding two numbers

    Week 03: Data Types & Comments

    • Data Types: Declarations for variables, defining type and size of associated data. Example: int age = 13
    • Fundamental Data Types: Integer( int ), Floating-point ( float ), Double Floating-point (double), Character (char), Wide Character (wchar_t), Boolean (bool), Empty (void)

    Week 04: Basic Structure of Program & Working of Program

    • Structure of Program/Syntax: Basic code structure for printing "Hello World!".
    • How does Program work? Explains how the C++ compiler handles headers and namespaces.
    • C++ Basic Input/Output (IO): Explains formatted output (cout) and formatted input (cin) methods.

    Week 05: Operators & Directives

    • Arithmetic Operators: Basic arithmetic operations (+, -, *, /, %), modulo division
    • Relational Operators: Symbols used for comparing two values. (>,>=,<,<=,==,!=)
    • Logical Operators: Combine relational expressions (&&, ||, !)

    Week 06: Flow Control - Decisions

    • C++ if, if/else, and Nested if/else: Conditional statements for executing different blocks of code based on conditions
    • if Statement: Executes code if a condition is true.
    • if/else Statement: Executes one block of code if true, another if false
    • Nested if Statement An if statement inside another if statement
    • Example: Programming examples to illustrate each case.

    Week 07: Loops

    • For Loops: Repeating a block of code a specific number of times.
    • While Loops: Repeating a block of code as long as a condition remains true
    • Do-While Loops: Repeating a block of code at least once, then repeating as long as a condition remains true

    Week 08: Break & Continue & Switch

    • Break Statement: Terminates a loop when a certain condition is met
    • Continue Statement: Skips the current iteration of a loop and moves to the next one.
    • Switch Statement: Executes code for multiple conditions

    Week 09: C++ Functions

    • Functions: Blocks of code designed for specific tasks.
    • Standard Library Function: Already existing functions (sqrt() , abs()).
    • User-defined Function: Created by the programmer
    • Function parameters: Values passed to the function when it is called.
    • Return Type: Specify the data type of the value returned by the function
    • Function Prototypes: Forward declaration of the function.

    Week 10: C++ User-defined Function Types

    • User-defined Function Types: Categorized as functions with no arguments and no return value, functions with no arguments but return value, functions with arguments but no return value, and functions with arguments and return value.

    Week 11: C++ Default Arguments, Storage Class

    • Default Arguments: Using default values for function parameters when no argument is passed..
    • Storage Classes: Discusses different storage classes local, global and static local variables.

    Week 12: C++ Return Reference, Strings

    • Return Reference: Return a reference instead of a value. Can modify the original variable inside a function
    • C++ Strings: Collection of characters as arrays and "string" objects. How to use cin, cout, getline.

    Week 13: Arrays, Multidimensional array, Function and array

    • Array: Variable holding multiple values of the same data type.
    • Multidimensional array: An array of arrays
    • Access Array Elements: Access elements in an array using indices (e.g., x[0]).
    • Initialization: Ways to initialize arrays.

    Week 14: Pointers, Pointers and arrays, Pointer and function

    • Pointers: Variables storing memory addresses of other variables.
    • Assigning Addresses to Pointers: Methods for assigning addresses to pointers.
    • Changing Value Pointed by Pointers: Modify values of variables by accessing their address through a pointer
    • Pointers and Arrays: Using pointers with arrays for accessing and manipulating elements

    Week 15: Memory Management (new and delete), File Handling

    • Dynamic Memory Allocation: Allocate memory during runtime using new
    • Deallocation: Release allocated memory using delete
    • File Handling using <fstream>: Methods like ofstream, ifstream for file operations, writing to, reading from, and appending to files.

    Week 16: Revision, Presentation and Quiz

    • Summary of prior weeks concepts: Review and preparation for assessment.

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    Lab Manual Programming Fundamental PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the fundamentals of C++ programming with this quiz. Explore key concepts such as data types, the role of compilers and interpreters, and the significance of various keywords. Perfect for beginners looking to solidify their understanding of C++.

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