C# Final Chapter 11 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

A class inherited from two or more levels up in the hierarchy is known as a?

indirect base class

Inheritance is represented by a(n) ________ relationship.

is-a

A _________ derived class cannot access the members of its base class.

private

Which of the following statements is false?

A base class object is a derived class object. Signup and view all the answers

A derived class can effect state changes in base class private members only through public, protected, internal methods provided in the base class and inherited into the derived class.

True Signup and view all the answers

Inheritance is the process of building a class with object references of other classes.

False Signup and view all the answers

A class that inherits from another class is referred to as the derived class.

True Signup and view all the answers

Every object of a base class is an object of that class's derived classes.

False Signup and view all the answers

A derived class is often larger and more general than its base class.

False Signup and view all the answers

Multiple inheritance, widely used in C#, is the process of inheriting from more than one class.

False Signup and view all the answers

The process of abstraction allows you to focus on the commonalities among objects in the system.

True Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following pairs demonstrates the is-a relationship between the first and the second terms?

Baseball, Sport Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following pairs demonstrates the has-a relationship between the first and the second terms?

Employee, Company Signup and view all the answers

Identify which of the following examples could be considered a base class for the Computer class?

Machine Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a base/derived class relationship?

Sailboat/Tugboat Signup and view all the answers

An advantage of inheritance is that:

Objects of a derived class can be treated like objects of their base class. Signup and view all the answers

A base class may have only one derived class.

False Signup and view all the answers

Members of a base class that are private are not inherited by derived classes.

False Signup and view all the answers

Constructors are not inherited.

True Signup and view all the answers

All classes in C# have object as either a direct or indirect base class.

True Signup and view all the answers

An object of one class cannot be an object of another class.

False Signup and view all the answers

Derived classes provide the functionality and features inherited by base classes.

False Signup and view all the answers

A base class's constructors are inherited into its derived classes.

False Signup and view all the answers

When a derived-class member overrides a base-class member, the base-class member can be accessed from the derived class by using the keyword ____________.

base Signup and view all the answers

Base class methods with this level of access cannot be called from derived classes.

private Signup and view all the answers

The protected members of a class may be accessed in their base class or any classes derived from that base class.

True Signup and view all the answers

A method must be declared __________ for it to be overridden by derived classes.

virtual Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following classes is the root of the class hierarchy?

object Signup and view all the answers

Every class in C#, except __________, extends an existing class.

object Signup and view all the answers

Overriding a method differs from overloading a constructor because:

Overridden methods have the same signature. Signup and view all the answers

To avoid duplicating code (and possibly errors), use _, rather than _.

inheritance, the 'copy-and-paste' approach Signup and view all the answers

Consider the classes below, declared in the same file: class A { int a; public A() { a = 7; }} class B : A { int b; public B() { b = 8; }} A reference to class A can be treated as a reference to class B.

false Signup and view all the answers

Which base class members are inherited by all derived classes of that base class?

protected instance variables and methods Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true when a base class has protected instance variables?

All of the above. Signup and view all the answers

Private fields of a base class can be accessed in a derived class

by calling public or protected methods declared in the base class Signup and view all the answers

The first task of any derived-class constructor is to call its base-class constructor.

True Signup and view all the answers

A 'copy-and-paste' approach is a simple and efficient way from a software-engineering perspective of providing functionality that exists in other classes.

False Signup and view all the answers

Using protected instance variables can cause derived-class methods to be written to depend on base-class implementation.

True Signup and view all the answers

When a derived class constructor calls its base class constructor, what happens if the base class's constructor does not assign a value to an instance variable?

the program compiles and runs correctly because the instance variables are initialized to their default values. Signup and view all the answers

How can a derived class call a base class constructor?

a and b Signup and view all the answers

When a program creates a derived-class object, the object constructor is the last constructor called and the first whose body finishes executing.

True Signup and view all the answers

If a base class constructor is overridden, the original constructor can no longer be called explicitly by the derived class.

False Signup and view all the answers

When a base class method is overridden in a derived class, it is common to have the derived class version call the base class version and do some additional work.

True Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is (are) true?

All of the above. Signup and view all the answers

Inheritance preserves the integrity of a base class.

True Signup and view all the answers

A key to improving the software development process is encouraging software reuse.

True Signup and view all the answers

To enhance performance and reduce errors, it's a good idea to make derived classes larger than they need to be.

False Signup and view all the answers

A base class is often designed by factoring out commonalities among a set of classes.

True Signup and view all the answers

When creating derived classes, you must use discretion in choosing the proper base class. Ideally, the base class will not contain excessive capabilities or information.

True Signup and view all the answers

The default implementation of method ToString of object returns a string representing ________.

namespace_name.object_class_name Signup and view all the answers

The default Equals implementation determines:

whether two references refer to the same object in memory. Signup and view all the answers

Method Equals will accurately compare any two objects.

False Signup and view all the answers

Every object in C# has at least seven methods: Equals, Finalize, GetHashCode, GetType, MemberwiseClone, ReferenceEquals, and ToString.

True Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Inheritance Concept

An indirect base class is a class inherited from two or more levels up in the hierarchy.
Inheritance is represented as an "is-a" relationship, indicating a subclass's relationship to a superclass.
A private derived class cannot access the members of its base class directly.

True/False Statements on Inheritance

A base class object is not a derived class object; they represent different levels of hierarchy.
A derived class can only change the state of base class private members via inherited public, protected, or internal methods.
Inheritance involves extending class capabilities, whereas composition involves building a class with other object references.
A derived class is typically not larger and more general than its base class; it is more specialized.
Multiple inheritance, where a class inherits from more than one class, is not supported in C#.
Constructors are specific to their class and are not inherited into derived classes.

Class Relationships

An object of a base class cannot be an object of its derived classes due to the specificity of derived classes.
Protected members of a base class can be accessed by derived classes, maintaining an internal hierarchy of access.

Method Overriding

When overriding a base class method, use the "base" keyword to access the original member.
A method must be declared as virtual to allow derived classes to override it.
Overridden methods must maintain the same signature as the methods in the base class.

Access and Modifications

Private fields in a base class can be accessed by derived classes only through public or protected methods.
The first task of any derived-class constructor is to invoke its base class constructor to ensure proper initialization.

Software Design Principles

Inheritance allows for the treatment of derived class objects as base class objects, promoting code reuse and reducing redundancy.
A "copy-and-paste" approach is discouraged; inheritance is preferred to avoid code duplication.
Classes should be minimal, containing only necessary capabilities, enhancing performance and reducing errors.

Object Class Hierarchy

All classes in C# derive from the base class 'object', establishing a universal structure.
The default implementation of the ToString method provides a string representing the namespace and the class name of the object.

Methods and Equality

Equals determines if two references point to the same object in memory; it must be overridden to compare object contents accurately.
Every C# object has at least seven methods, including Equals, GetType, and ToString, ensuring basic functionality.

Final Observations

The integrity and functionality of a base class are preserved through inheritance, allowing for safe modifications in derived classes.
Careful selection of the base class is necessary to avoid excessive capabilities, leading to cleaner and more maintainable code structures.

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Test your knowledge on Chapter 11 of the C# course with these flashcards. This quiz covers key concepts related to inheritance, base classes, and class hierarchy. Perfect for final exam preparation!

C# Final Chapter 11 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

A class inherited from two or more levels up in the hierarchy is known as a?

Inheritance is represented by a(n) ________ relationship.

A _________ derived class cannot access the members of its base class.

Which of the following statements is false?

A derived class can effect state changes in base class private members only through public, protected, internal methods provided in the base class and inherited into the derived class.

Inheritance is the process of building a class with object references of other classes.

A class that inherits from another class is referred to as the derived class.

Every object of a base class is an object of that class's derived classes.

A derived class is often larger and more general than its base class.

Multiple inheritance, widely used in C#, is the process of inheriting from more than one class.

The process of abstraction allows you to focus on the commonalities among objects in the system.

Which of the following pairs demonstrates the is-a relationship between the first and the second terms?

Which of the following pairs demonstrates the has-a relationship between the first and the second terms?

Identify which of the following examples could be considered a base class for the Computer class?

Which of the following is not a base/derived class relationship?

An advantage of inheritance is that:

A base class may have only one derived class.

Members of a base class that are private are not inherited by derived classes.

Constructors are not inherited.

All classes in C# have object as either a direct or indirect base class.

An object of one class cannot be an object of another class.

Derived classes provide the functionality and features inherited by base classes.

A base class's constructors are inherited into its derived classes.

When a derived-class member overrides a base-class member, the base-class member can be accessed from the derived class by using the keyword ____________.

Base class methods with this level of access cannot be called from derived classes.

The protected members of a class may be accessed in their base class or any classes derived from that base class.

A method must be declared __________ for it to be overridden by derived classes.

Which of the following classes is the root of the class hierarchy?

Every class in C#, except __________, extends an existing class.

Overriding a method differs from overloading a constructor because:

To avoid duplicating code (and possibly errors), use _______, rather than _______.

Consider the classes below, declared in the same file: class A { int a; public A() { a = 7; }} class B : A { int b; public B() { b = 8; }} A reference to class A can be treated as a reference to class B.

Which base class members are inherited by all derived classes of that base class?

Which statement is true when a base class has protected instance variables?

Private fields of a base class can be accessed in a derived class

The first task of any derived-class constructor is to call its base-class constructor.

A 'copy-and-paste' approach is a simple and efficient way from a software-engineering perspective of providing functionality that exists in other classes.

Using protected instance variables can cause derived-class methods to be written to depend on base-class implementation.

When a derived class constructor calls its base class constructor, what happens if the base class's constructor does not assign a value to an instance variable?

How can a derived class call a base class constructor?

When a program creates a derived-class object, the object constructor is the last constructor called and the first whose body finishes executing.

If a base class constructor is overridden, the original constructor can no longer be called explicitly by the derived class.

When a base class method is overridden in a derived class, it is common to have the derived class version call the base class version and do some additional work.

Which of the following statements is (are) true?

Inheritance preserves the integrity of a base class.

A key to improving the software development process is encouraging software reuse.

To enhance performance and reduce errors, it's a good idea to make derived classes larger than they need to be.

A base class is often designed by factoring out commonalities among a set of classes.

When creating derived classes, you must use discretion in choosing the proper base class. Ideally, the base class will not contain excessive capabilities or information.

The default implementation of method ToString of object returns a string representing ________.

The default Equals implementation determines:

Method Equals will accurately compare any two objects.

Every object in C# has at least seven methods: Equals, Finalize, GetHashCode, GetType, MemberwiseClone, ReferenceEquals, and ToString.

Study Notes

Inheritance Concept

True/False Statements on Inheritance

Class Relationships

Method Overriding

Access and Modifications

Software Design Principles

Object Class Hierarchy

Methods and Equality

Final Observations

Studying That Suits You

Description

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