C. elegans: Olfactory Circuit and Stress-Induced Avoidance

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes the role of the olfactory sensory neurons in mitochondrial stress-induced avoidance behavior in C. elegans?

They act upstream of the AIY interneuron to detect and transmit stress signals. (correct)
They are non-essential for stress-induced avoidance.
They function independently of the AIY interneuron to trigger avoidance.
They act downstream of the AIY interneuron to process stress signals.

In the context of stress-induced avoidance behavior in C. elegans, what is the effect of ablating or inhibiting the head motor neurons SMDD/V?

It has no effect on the worm's locomotion or avoidance behavior.
It enhances the worm's locomotion and increases avoidance behavior.
It specifically impairs the worm's ability to detect pathogens.
It alters the worm's locomotion and reduces avoidance behavior. (correct)

What is the main conclusion regarding the neural circuits involved in different types of avoidance behavior in C. elegans?

Both stress and pathogen avoidance rely on olfactory sensory neurons and AIY interneurons.
The circuits for stress-induced and pathogen-induced avoidance are different. (correct)
The circuits for stress-induced and pathogen-induced avoidance are identical.
Both stress and pathogen avoidance rely solely on AIB, AIZ, and RIA neurons.

Which of the following neuronal types are dispensable for stress-induced avoidance, unlike in pathogen avoidance, in C. elegans?

AIB, AIZ, and RIA neurons (B) Signup and view all the answers

How does the study contribute to the understanding of avoidance behavior?

It substantiates the understanding of circuit mechanisms underlying learned avoidance behavior triggered by mitochondrial stress. (B) Signup and view all the answers

According to the highlights, what is the role of AIY interneurons in bacterial avoidance?

They regulate bacterial avoidance induced by mitochondrial stress. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following phrases describes a concept studied in the article?

Aversive Memory (C) Signup and view all the answers

What type of circuit is characterized in the article?

A sensory-interneuron circuit for mitochondrial stress induced avoidance (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following triggers the learned bacterical avoidance that requires olfaction?

Mitochondrial Stress (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the model organism used in this study?

Caenorhabditis elegans (C) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Stress-Induced Avoidance Circuit

Avoidance behavior in C. elegans triggered by mitochondrial stress involves a specific sensory-interneuron circuit.

Olfaction in Avoidance

Learned bacterial avoidance due to stress requires the sense of smell in C. elegans.

AIY Interneurons

These interneurons regulate bacterial avoidance induced by mitochondrial stress in C. elegans.

Non-Essential Neurons

AIB, AIZ, and RIA neurons are not needed for avoidance caused by stress.

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Distinct Avoidance Circuits

Stress-induced avoidance and pathogen-induced avoidance use different neural routing.

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SMDD/V Neurons

Inhibition of head motor neurons reduces locomotion and avoidance behavior.

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Aversive Memory

This refers to memory formed due to negative or unpleasant stimulus.

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Study Notes

Research is on an olfactory-interneuron circuit driving stress-induced avoidance behavior in C. elegans
Article from the journal of Neuroscience Research, Volume 191, from June 2023, Pages 91-97.
Physiological stress leads to drastic changes of internal state which drives avoidance behavior.
Neural circuits for stress-induced response are not completely defined.
Research characterizes sensory-interneuron circuit for mitochondrial stress-induced avoidance behavior in C. elegans.
Olfactory sensory neurons and AIY interneuron are essential for stress-induced avoidance, olfactory neurons work upstream of AIY.
Stress-induced avoidance does not require AIB, AIZ, or RIA interneurons, unlike pathogen avoidance.
Ablation/inhibition of head motor neurons SMDD/V alters locomotion and reduces avoidance.
Study findings substantiate understanding of the mechanisms underlying learned avoidance behavior caused by mitochondrial stress.
Stress-induced learned bacterial avoidance requires olfaction.
AIY interneurons regulate bacterial avoidance caused by mitochondrial stress.
AIB, AIZ, and RIA neurons are not required for stress-induced avoidance.
Circuits for stress- and pathogen-induced avoidance are different.
Keywords: C. elegans, Aversive memory, Mitochondria, Stress, Neural circuit, Avoidance behavior

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Description

Research on neural circuits for stress-induced response. Study characterizes sensory-interneuron circuit for mitochondrial stress-induced avoidance behavior in C. elegans. Olfactory sensory neurons and AIY interneuron are essential for stress-induced avoidance. Findings substantiate understanding of mechanisms underlying learned avoidance behavior.