Business Terminology

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Questions and Answers

A company substantially lowers its prices below cost to eliminate competition. Which concept does this exemplify?

  • Predatory pricing (correct)
  • Cost advantages independent of scale
  • Restrictive practices
  • Economy of scale

Which of the following best describes why established brands with high customer loyalty might face challenges when a disruptive innovation enters the market?

  • Established brands are typically slower to adapt to new technologies. (correct)
  • Customer loyalty makes customers less sensitive to price changes.
  • Customer loyalty diminishes the effectiveness of advertising strategies.
  • High customer loyalty ensures continued sales regardless of new entrants.

A pharmaceutical company discovers a new drug formula. What type of protection would best prevent competitors from producing the same drug?

  • Government regulation
  • Intellectual property (correct)
  • Distributor agreement
  • Supplier agreement

A software company allows users to freely distribute its basic version with the intent that widespread adoption will increase demand for its premium features. What is this leveraging?

<p>Network effect (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company invests heavily in new machinery to improve production efficiency but later finds that this machinery cannot be resold and has no alternative use. This situation exemplifies?

<p>Sunk costs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A country imposes a 20% tax on all imported steel. What is this an example of?

<p>Tariffs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these strategies describes a business owning both the manufacturing and distribution of its products?

<p>Vertical integration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A city council establishes specific zones where particular types of businesses can operate (e.g., industrial, residential, commercial). What is this an example of?

<p>Zoning (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A small business owner notices that, even after increasing the price of his product by 10%, the demand remains relatively constant. This scenario indicates?

<p>Inelastic demand (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of 'research and development' in a business context?

<p>Creating new or improving existing products (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Advertising

Promoting a product or service to attract customers.

Capital

Money or assets used to start and run a business.

Control of resources

Having power or ownership of important materials needed for production.

Customer loyalty

When customers keep buying from a business because they trust or like it.

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Distributor agreements

Contracts between companies and distributors that outline how products will be sold.

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Economy of scale

Cost advantages when producing goods in large quantities.

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Intellectual property

Creations of the mind, like inventions, designs, or brands, that are legally protected.

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Investment

Putting money into something with the expectation of making profit later.

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Network effect

The value of a product or service increases as more people use it.

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Vertical integration

Business strategy: company controls its supply chain.

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Study Notes

  • Advertising involves promoting a product or service to attract customers.
  • Capital refers to the money or assets used to start and run a business.
  • Control of resources means having the power or ownership of important materials needed for production.
  • Cost advantages independent of scale involve reducing costs in a business without increasing its size.
  • Customer loyalty occurs when customers keep buying from a business because they trust or like it.
  • Distributor agreements are contracts between companies and distributors outlining how products will be sold.
  • Economy of scale refers to the cost advantage businesses get when producing goods in large quantities.
  • Government regulations are laws set by the government that businesses must follow.
  • Inelastic demand means that demand for a product doesn't change much, even if the price goes up or down.
  • Intellectual property includes creations of the mind, like inventions, designs, or brands, that are legally protected.
  • Investment involves putting money into something with the expectation of making a profit later.
  • Network effect occurs when the value of a product or service increases as more people use it.
  • Predatory pricing is selling products at a very low price to drive competitors out of the market.
  • Restrictive practices are business actions that limit competition, often to maintain high prices.
  • Research and development involves creating new products or improving existing ones.
  • Supplier agreements are contracts between businesses and suppliers defining how goods will be provided.
  • Sunk costs refer to money that has already been spent and cannot be recovered.
  • Switching barriers are obstacles that make it hard for customers to switch to a competitor.
  • Tariffs are taxes on imported goods, making them more expensive.
  • Vertical integration: A business strategy where a company controls its supply chain by owning both production and distribution.
  • Zoning laws divide land into different areas for specific types of use, like residential or commercial.

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