Business Structures Quiz

Information Technology

• Information Technology (IT) refers to the use of computers and telecommunications to store, retrieve, and transmit data.
• Examples of IT include:
  • Computer hardware and software
  • Telecommunications (e.g. internet, phone)
  • Databases and data storage

Functions of a Computer

• The four functions of a computer are:
  • Input: receiving data or instructions
  • Processing: executing instructions and performing calculations
  • Storage: holding data or program instructions
  • Output: displaying or producing the results

Data and Information

• Data refers to raw, unorganized facts and figures
• Information refers to organized, meaningful, and useful data

Hardware

• Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer system
• Examples of hardware include:
  • Central Processing Unit (CPU)
  • Memory (RAM)
  • Storage devices (e.g. hard drive, solid state drive)

Components of a Computer

• The main components of a computer are:
  • CPU (brain of the computer)
  • Motherboard (main circuit board)
  • Memory (RAM)
  • Storage devices (e.g. hard drive, solid state drive)
  • Input devices (e.g. keyboard, mouse)
  • Output devices (e.g. monitor, printer)

CPU Speed

• CPU speed is measured in Hertz (Hz), typically in gigahertz (GHz)

Storage Devices

• Advantages and disadvantages of different storage devices:
  • Hard Drive: high storage capacity, low cost, but slow access time and prone to mechanical failure
  • Solid State Drive (SSD): fast access time, low power consumption, but high cost and limited storage capacity
  • Flash Drive: portable, high storage capacity, but slow access time and limited rewrite cycles

Peripheral Devices

• Examples of peripheral devices:
  • Printer
  • Scanner
  • Speakers

Software

• The two types of software are:
  • System software (e.g. operating system, device drivers)
  • Application software (e.g. word processor, spreadsheet, games)

Graphical User Interface (GUI)

• A GUI is a visual interface that allows users to interact with a computer using icons, menus, and windows

Desktop

• The desktop is the main interface of a computer's operating system, where users can access files, programs, and settings

Typical Features of a Computer

• Typical features of a computer include:
  • Desktop
  • Taskbar
  • Icons
  • Windows

Types of Networks

• The two types of networks are:
  • Local Area Network (LAN): connects devices in a limited geographic area
  • Wide Area Network (WAN): connects devices over a larger geographic area

Networking Methods

• The two different networking methods are:
  • Wired networking (e.g. Ethernet)
  • Wireless networking (e.g. Wi-Fi, Bluetooth)

Network Topologies

• Common network topologies include:
  • Bus topology
  • Star topology
  • Ring topology
  • Mesh topology

Firewall and VPN Software

• Firewall software protects a computer from unauthorized access
• VPN (Virtual Private Network) software encrypts internet connections for secure communication

Word Processor

• A word processor is a software application that allows users to create, edit, and print documents

Word Processor Alignments

• The four word processor alignments are:
  • Left alignment
  • Right alignment
  • Center alignment
  • Justified alignment

Spreadsheet Software

• Spreadsheet software allows users to:
  • Enter and store data in a table format
  • Perform calculations and analysis on data
  • Create charts and graphs

Cell in a Spreadsheet

• A cell is a single unit of data in a spreadsheet, identified by a row and column number

Absolute Cell Referencing

• Absolute cell referencing refers to a cell reference that remains fixed, even when the formula is copied to another cell

Types of Data in a Spreadsheet

• Types of data that can be entered into a spreadsheet include:
  • Numbers
  • Text
  • Dates
  • Formulas

Parts of a Graph

• The main parts of a graph include:
  • Title
  • Axes (x-axis and y-axis)
  • Data points
  • Legend

Types of Charts

• Different types of charts and their uses:
  • Bar chart: compares categorical data
  • Pie chart: shows proportion of data
  • Line chart: shows trends over time
  • Column chart: compares categorical data

Online Protection

• To protect yourself online, you should:
  • Use strong passwords and keep them confidential
  • Be cautious of phishing scams and spam emails
  • Keep software and operating system up to date

Multimedia Presentation Software

• A multimedia presentation software includes:
  • Text
  • Images
  • Audio
  • Video
  • Animation

Features of a Presentation Software

• The main features of a presentation software include:
  • Slides
  • Templates
  • Transitions and animations
  • Collaboration tools