Business Process Outsourcing

BPO Industry

• 8 subsectors:
  • Knowledge Process Outsourcing and Back Offices
  • Animation
  • Call Centers
  • Software Development
  • Game Development
  • Engineering Design
  • Medical Transcription
• BPO Setups:
  • Captive Markets (preferred for core or crucial business activities)
  • Offshoring/Third Party Outsourcing (for business activities with irregular frequencies or one-off projects)
  • Project Based Outsourcing (used for business activities with irregular frequencies or one-off projects)
  • Dedicated Development Center (used in business cases when there are hanging requirements)

Trends and Issues in the Industry

• Better Information security
• Strategic balanced-shore outsourcing
• Social and Professional Issues in IT:
  • Health Issues
  • Political Issues (revision and approval of RA 7916)
  • Economic Issues (BPO industry is expected to overtake OFW remittances)
  • DNS tampering and URL blocking using proxy

Freedom of Expression

• Key blockings: blocks access to websites based on the words found in URLs or blocks searches involving blacklisted terms
• Search Results Removals: companies that provide Internet search services cooperate with governments to omit illegal or undesirable websites from search results
• Fundamental human right
• Limited by censorship, restrictive press legislation, and harassment of journalists, bloggers, and others who voice their opinions

Social and Professional Issues in IT

• Individual Level: freedom of expression is the key to the development and fulfillment of every person
• National Level: freedom of expression is necessary for good government, economic, and social progress
• Public authorities may restrict this right to:
  • Protect national security, territorial integrity, or public safety
  • Prevent disorder or crime
  • Protect health or morals
  • Protect the rights and reputations of other people
  • Prevent the disclosure of information received in confidence
  • Maintain the authority and impartiality of judges

Using Digital Technologies for Freedom of Expression

• Virtual Prostitution: engagement in sexual activity without meeting each other
• Cybersex: sexual acts that are derived from surfing media sites that would titillate the sexual mind to satisfy the erotic needs
• Types of Cybersex Users:
  • Recreational Users
  • Inappropriate Users
  • Problematic Users (Discovery Group, Predisposed Group, and Lifelong Sexually Compulsive Group)

Filtering

• Types of Filtering:
  • Browser Based Filters
  • Email Filters
  • Search-Engine Filters
• Problems with Filtering: legitimate content, like sex education or medical information, may be blocked if it resembles pornographic material

Television and Films

• Movie and Television Review and Classification Board (MTRCB) - responsible for classification and review of TV programs, movies, and home videos
• Films Description:
  • G (General Patronage) – All ages
  • PG (Parental Guidance) – Below 13 years old must be accompanied by a parent or a supervising adult
  • R-13 – 13 years old and above
  • R-16 – 16 years old and above
  • R-18 – 18 years old and above
  • X – Not suitable for public execution

Child Pornography and Technology

• Form of child sexual exploitation
• Law prohibits the production, distribution, importation, reception, or possession of any image of child pornography
• Child pornography purveyors use encryption and anonymous networks on the Dark Web to hide illicit images

Identity Theft and Monitoring

• Mail Theft: stealing credit card bills and junk mail directly from a victim's mailbox or from public mailboxes on the street
• Dumpster Driving: retrieving personal paperwork and discarded mail from trash dumpsters
• Shoulder Surfing: obtaining personal information by watching someone fill out forms, enter passcodes, or provide credit card numbers
• Phishing: using email to trick people into giving personal information
• Monitoring: employers monitor workplace activities to mitigate risks like theft, data breaches, and inappropriate behavior

Invasion of Privacy

• A circumstance where an individual or organization knowingly intrudes upon a person
• Occurs when the person has a reasonable expectation of privacy, such as in a bathroom or locker room
• Types of Invasion of Privacy:
  • Deception
  • Violation of Confidentiality
  • Intrusion & Misappropriation