Business Ethics Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of social responsibility in a business context?

  • Maximizing profit above all else
  • Minimizing employee rights and benefits
  • Reducing competition in the market
  • Balancing commitments to various stakeholders (correct)

Which of the following is NOT one of the main stakeholder groups a business focuses on for social responsibility?

  • Investors
  • Employees
  • Media (correct)
  • Customers

What does the term 'consumerism' refer to?

  • A strategy to increase product prices
  • A process of maximizing profits through advertising
  • Activism dedicated to protecting consumer rights (correct)
  • A method for reducing competition among businesses

How should a company treat its employees in accordance with social responsibility?

<p>By providing opportunities to balance work and life (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of collusion in business practices?

<p>Two firms collaborating on price fixing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which practice is a responsibility that businesses have towards their investors?

<p>Following proper accounting procedures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes business ethics?

<p>Ethical or unethical behaviors by employees in their jobs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of managerial ethics?

<p>Behavior towards various stakeholders in the organization (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential aspect of treating terminated or laid-off employees with social responsibility?

<p>Ensuring they receive fair severance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following reflects a company's social responsibility towards its local community?

<p>Building relationships and engaging in community projects (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ethical norm emphasizes fairness in treatment?

<p>Justice (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in assessing ethical behavior?

<p>Gather the relevant factual information (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ethical norm is concerned with the responsibilities individuals have to each other?

<p>Caring (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of fair trade programs?

<p>Ensuring fair prices for export-dependent farmers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by unethical behavior?

<p>Conduct that individuals believe is wrong according to societal standards (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In ethical decision making, which analysis involves determining the most appropriate moral values?

<p>Moral analysis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following approaches is used to formalize management's commitment to ethical business practices?

<p>Adopting written codes and instituting ethics programs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can ethics be best defined in the workplace?

<p>Personal judgments about what is right or wrong (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following distinguishes social responsibility from ethics?

<p>Ethics derives from personal codes, whereas social responsibility relates to business practices. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which one of these is NOT a characteristic of social consciousness in today's society?

<p>Prioritizing profit over social impact (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do governments play in social responsibility?

<p>They collaborate with businesses to promote ethical practices (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT a general approach to social responsibility?

<p>Responsive approach (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do organizations typically manage social responsibility?

<p>Through formal and informal dimensions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key element of implementing social responsibility programs in businesses?

<p>Investing in community development (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the Stakeholder Model of Responsibility?

<p>Creating mutually beneficial partnerships with suppliers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the concept of accountability in business primarily entail?

<p>Expanding business roles in societal welfare (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of pollution mentioned as a responsibility toward the environment?

<p>Website pollution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of consumerism?

<p>Advocating for consumer rights against businesses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do companies like Ford Motors and General Electric align with green marketing principles?

<p>By enhancing energy efficiency and reducing waste (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which practice helps companies offset their carbon dioxide emissions?

<p>Carbon Offsetting through tree planting (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What strategy for green marketing has Starbucks been known to pioneer?

<p>Packaging reduction and reuse (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of agreement represents collusion among companies?

<p>Illegal agreement to commit wrongful acts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which foundation has the highest total giving as of the fiscal year end?

<p>ExxonMobil Foundation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which foundation is based in North Carolina?

<p>The Bank of America Charitable Foundation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the total giving of The Wal-Mart Foundation as of January 31, 2014?

<p>$168,582,621 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

As of December 31, 2014, which foundation's total giving is closest to $90 million?

<p>The Coca-Cola Foundation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which foundation had a total giving of over $100 million as of December 31, 2014?

<p>GE Foundation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which foundation is listed with a fiscal year end date of December 31, 2013?

<p>Johnson &amp; Johnson Family of Companies Foundation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the total giving of the Bayer U.S. Patient Assistance Foundation as of November 30, 2014?

<p>$58,474,547 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which foundation has the lowest total giving mentioned in the list?

<p>Caterpillar Foundation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Business Ethics

Ethical or unethical behavior of employees in their jobs.

Ethical Behavior

Actions aligned with personal beliefs and societal norms.

Unethical Behavior

Actions against personal or societal beliefs.

Assessing Ethical Behavior

Gathering information, analyzing facts, and judging right vs. wrong.

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Ethical Norms

Principles guiding ethical decision-making.

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Utility

Ethical norm considering optimizing benefits for all.

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Rights

Ethical norm respecting everyone's rights.

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Justice

Ethical norm emphasizing fairness and equality.

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Caring

Ethical norm regarding responsibility to others.

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Written Codes

Formalizing management commitment to ethical practices.

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Ethics Programs

Formalizing ethical commitments in a system.

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Social Responsibility

Balancing business commitments to stakeholders.

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Stakeholders

Groups affected by a company's actions.

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Stakeholder Model

Focusing on customers, employees, investors, suppliers, and community.

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Consumer Rights

Protecting consumers' rights and interests.

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Unfair Pricing

Collusion or price gouging, not fair pricing.

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Customer Treatment

Fair and honest treatment of customers.

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Employee Treatment

Fair and respectful treatment of employees.

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Environmental Responsibility

Minimizing pollution and resource consumption.

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Green Marketing

Using eco-friendly materials and processes in marketing.

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Carbon Offsets

Repairing or restoring damage to the environment.

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Packaging Reduction

Using fewer materials for packaging.

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Air Pollution

Harmful substances in the air.

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Water Pollution

Harmful substances in water.

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Land Pollution

Harmful substances on the land.

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Study Notes

Business Ethics

  • Ethics are beliefs about right and wrong, good and bad
  • Business ethics are ethical or unethical behaviors by employees in the context of their jobs
  • Ethical behavior conforms to individual beliefs and social norms about what is right and good
  • Unethical behavior conforms to individual beliefs and social norms about what is defined as wrong and bad

Assessing Ethical Behavior

  • Requires gathering relevant factual information
  • Analyzing facts to determine the most appropriate moral value
  • Making ethical judgment based on right or wrong

Ethical Norms

  • Utility: Does the act optimize benefits for all relevant parties?
  • Rights: Does the act respect the rights of everyone involved?
  • Justice: Is the act consistent with what’s fair?
  • Caring: Is the act consistent with people’s responsibilities to each other?

Company Practices and Business Ethics

  • Adopting written codes is a common approach to formalizing top management commitment to ethical business practices
  • Instituting ethics programs is another common approach to formalizing top management commitment to ethical business practices

Social Responsibility

  • Social responsibility is the overall way a business attempts to balance its commitments to relevant groups and individuals
  • Organizational stakeholders are groups, individuals, and organizations who are directly affected by a company’s practices and have a stake in its performance
  • Major corporate stakeholders are customers, employees, investors, suppliers and local communities

The Stakeholder Model of Responsibility

  • Companies that strive to be responsible to their stakeholders concentrate on five main groups:
    • Customers
    • Employees
    • Investors
    • Suppliers
    • Local communities
  • Customers: Treated fairly and honestly
  • Employees: Treated fairly and respectfully, basic human needs met
  • Investors: Proper accounting procedures followed, information on financial performance provided

Responsibility toward Customers

  • Consumer rights: Consumerism is dedicated to protecting consumer rights
  • Unfair pricing: Collusion refers to two or more companies collaborating on price fixing, price gouging is an example of unfair pricing

Responsibility toward Employees

  • Provide opportunities to balance work and life pressures and preferences
  • Help employees maintain job skills
  • Treat terminated or laid-off employees with respect and compassion
  • Provide equal opportunities for all employees

Responsibility toward the Environment

  • Air Pollution
  • Water Pollution
  • Land Pollution: includes toxic waste disposal and recycling

Green Marketing

  • Modifying production processes to limit consumption of valuable resources and reduce pollution
  • Modifying products to use more environmentally friendly materials
  • Carbon offsets: companies replenish, repair, or restore parts of the environment damaged by their operations
  • Packaging reduction: reducing and reusing materials used in packaging products

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Description

Explore the fundamental principles of business ethics, including the definitions of ethical and unethical behavior. This quiz assesses your knowledge of ethical norms and the practices companies adopt to maintain ethical standards. Test your understanding of utility, rights, justice, and caring in the business context.

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