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Questions and Answers
What is the main function of the physical layer in a network?
What does FDM stand for in the context of circuits?
In the context of network circuits, what does a T-1 connection refer to?
What is the purpose of modems in analog transmission of digital data?
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What is the approximate size of a multimode optical fiber core?
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What type of transmission does a single mode optical fiber use?
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What type of wireless transmission is subject to interference from heavy rain, smog, and fog?
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What type of radio communication requires line-of-sight and is often used for long distance, terrestrial transmissions?
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Which of the following factors is used in media selection?
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Which code is used to represent letters, numbers, and symbols in a message on PC computers?
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Which transmission mode sends bit by bit over a single wire?
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What type of signaling defines how the voltage levels correspond to the bit values of 0 or 1?
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Which digital transmission type defines a bit value by a mid-bit transition?
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What type of transmission is used in local loop phone lines to connect PCs to the Internet?
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What technology is used to enable voice communications between two telephones over POTS?
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Which characteristic of sound waves refers to the number of waves that pass in a second?
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What is the main advantage of digital transmission over analog transmission?
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In a point-to-point configuration, why does each computer have its own circuit to reach the other computer in the network?
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Which type of data flow moves in both directions at the same time?
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In which data flow method does data flow in one direction only?
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Which type of multiplexing requires guardbands to prevent interference between channels?
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How does time division multiplexing (TDM) divide up the circuit?
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What is the main advantage of statistical time division multiplexing (STDM) over traditional TDM?
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What does Inverse Multiplexing (IMUX) do?
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How does Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) create smaller channels from a larger frequency band?
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Which type of configuration is used when many computers are connected on the same circuit?
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What is a key advantage of digital transmission in terms of error detection and correction?
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Study Notes
Physical Layer Functions
- Facilitates the transmission and reception of raw bitstreams over a physical medium.
- Responsible for signaling, data rate, and physical network topology.
FDM
- Stands for Frequency Division Multiplexing.
- Technique used in circuits to divide multiple signals across a frequency band.
T-1 Connection
- Refers to a dedicated digital transmission line that carries data at a rate of 1.544 Mbps.
Modems
- Convert digital data into analog signals for transmission over phone lines.
- Enable communication by modulating and demodulating data.
Multimode Optical Fiber Core Size
- Typically has a core diameter of around 50 to 62.5 micrometers.
Single Mode Optical Fiber
- Uses a single light mode for transmission, allowing for longer distance communication and higher bandwidth.
Wireless Transmission Interference
- Transmission subject to interference from heavy rain, smog, and fog typically involves microwave signals.
Radio Communication
- Requires line-of-sight and is often utilized for long-distance terrestrial transmissions, such as microwave communication.
Media Selection Factors
- Considerations include cost, bandwidth, distance, and environment.
PC Code Representation
- ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) is used to represent letters, numbers, and symbols.
Transmission Mode
- Serial transmission sends data bit by bit over a single wire.
Signaling Method
- Defines how voltage levels correspond to binary values (0 or 1) through signaling techniques.
Digital Transmission Type
- Defines bit value using mid-bit transitions, often utilized in differential signaling.
Local Loop Phone Lines
- Used for digital subscriber line (DSL) connections to connect PCs to the Internet.
Voice Communication Technology
- POTS (Plain Old Telephone Service) enables voice communications between telephones.
Sound Waves Characteristic
- Frequency refers to the number of waves that pass in a second, measured in Hertz (Hz).
Digital vs Analog Transmission
- Main advantage of digital transmission includes better noise resistance and improved error correction capabilities.
Point-to-Point Configuration
- Each computer has its own circuit to ensure dedicated communication without interference.
Data Flow Types
- Full-duplex data flow allows simultaneous two-way communication.
- Simplex data flow permits communication in one direction only.
Multiplexing Types
- Frequency Division Multiplexing requires guardbands to prevent channel interference.
Time Division Multiplexing (TDM)
- Divides a circuit into time slots allocated to multiple signals for sequential transmission.
Statistical Time Division Multiplexing (STDM)
- Advantageous as it adapts to varying data rates, more efficiently using bandwidth compared to traditional TDM.
Inverse Multiplexing (IMUX)
- Distributes data over multiple channels to increase bandwidth for transmission.
Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) Process
- Divides a larger frequency band into smaller channels, allowing simultaneous transmission of different signals.
Configuration for Multiple Computers
- Bus or a star configuration is often used when many computers connect on the same circuit.
Digital Transmission Error Handling
- Key advantage includes robust error detection and correction mechanisms, enhancing data integrity during transmission.
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Description
Test your knowledge on circuits configuration, data flow, multiplexing, communication media, and digital transmission as outlined in Chapter 3 of the 9th Edition of 'Business Data Communications and Networking' by Jerry Fitzgerald and Alan Dennis.